Selenium-enriched Lactobacillus coryniformis H8 alleviates LPS-induced jejunal injury in chicks by modulating antioxidant activity, inflammation, selenoprotein genes, and gut microbiota.

Intestinal inflammation in chicks remains a prevalent health concern, highlighting the importance of developing effective alternatives to conventional antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus coryniformis H8 (Se-H8) in alleviating lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced intestinal inflammation in chicks and the related mechanisms. 252 1-day-old White Leghorn chicks (n = 6 cages/treatment, 6 chicks/cage) were randomly divided into seven groups (Control, LPS, H8, Se-H8, H8-NaSeO, NaSeO, and ENR).

The potential role of short internodes/stylish (SHI/STY) and SHI related sequence (SRS) in potato tuberization.

BACKGROUND SRS: (Short Internodes/Stylish/SHI-Related Sequence) genes play a crucial role in plant developments, encompassing organ morphogenesis. However, at present, the biological significance of potato StSRS genes remains unknown. This study comprehensively identified and analysed the potential functions of StSRS genes in potato tuberization.

A Fall Prevention Program Integrated in Primary Health Care for Older People in Rural China: The FAMILY Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: With rapidly aging populations globally, there is a lack of evidence on effective fall prevention strategies among community-dwelling older people in resource-constrained areas.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a fall prevention program integrated in primary health care systems on the risk of falls among Chinese rural older adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A 12-month, open-label, cluster randomized clinical trial, conducted in 128 rural villages from 4 Chinese provinces, involving adults 60 years or older at risk of falls (recruitment from September 19, 2023, to November 15, 2023; last follow-up, January 15, 2025).

Potential Applications and Risks of Supranutritional Selenium Supplementation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Critical Review.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world, lacking specific pharmacological interventions or well-established treatments. MASLD involves intricate pathological mechanisms characterized by oxidative stress and robust inflammatory responses. Selenium, an essential trace element, plays a critical role in antioxidation, regulation of inflammation, anticancer activity, and so on.

Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Asperity Based on Wave Function.

This paper proposes an improved wave function asperity elastic-plastic model. A cosine function that could better fit the geometric morphology was selected to construct the asperity, the elastic phase was controlled by the Hertz contact theory, the elastoplastic transition phase was corrected by the hyperbolic tangent function, and the fully plastic phase was improved by the projected area theory. The model broke through the limitations of the spherical assumption and was able to capture the stress concentration and plastic flow phenomena.

Engine-cargo structured nanotrucks for advanced phototherapy by alleviating hypoxia and penetration barriers via oxygen-propelled motion.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds significant promise for tumor treatment, yet its efficiency is still limited by shallow light penetration and tumor hypoxia. Herein, this study develops a Janus-typed nanotruck with an "engine-cargo" structure, where an upconversion nanoparticle is asymmetrically coated by a mesoporous silica shell using a special surfactant-templating method. Upon further loading with catalase (CAT) and photosensitizer (MC540), the obtained nanotruck enables to convert tumor-overexpressed HO into oxygen gas, which not only propels the nanoparticle to enhance cellular uptake and tissue penetration but also alleviates tumor hypoxia.

Dynamic gradient optimization position correction method in ptychography.

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) overcomes the limitation of the optical component fabrication technology on imaging resolution. Ptychography, an important variant of CDI, can reconstruct the complex transmission of the object through a series of diffraction patterns, while providing a large field of view with a high resolution. However, the accuracy of the scan positions has a significant effect on the image quality of the ptychography.

A narrative review on innovations of thyroid nodule ultrasound diagnosis: applications of robot and artificial intelligence technology.

Background And Objective: As the detection rate of thyroid nodules increases year by year, traditional ultrasonic diagnostic methods face challenges such as inefficiency and high dependence on physician experience. This paper focuses on the research status, advantages and challenges of robot automatic scanning and intelligent diagnosis system.

Methods: We systematically retrieved the PubMed and Web of Science databases, screened and integrated relevant articles, and conducted a systematic analysis and summary of the existing research.

A clickable spherical nucleic acid probe for fluorescence and synchrotron radiation X-ray dual-modality imaging.

In this study, we have developed a dual-mode probe based on click chemistry for spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), achieving extremely specific fluorescence imaging and synchrotron X-ray microscopy of neuronal cells.

Embryonic mast cells arise from the Cpa3-expressing precursors but not granulocyte-monocyte progenitors.

Most of the mast cells (MCs) in connective tissues, such as skin, are long-lived embryonic-derived immune cells that play important roles in host defense and in various immunological diseases, including allergies. Their embryonic origin and ontogeny remain to be fully studied since several overlapping waves of embryonic hematopoiesis have been reported to give rise to these cells. Here, combining single-cell RNA sequencing and new genetic fate mapping models, we identified a Cpa3-expressing population sequentially appearing in the yolk sac, fetal liver, and peripheral tissues which gives rise to dermal MCs during embryonic days 11.

Dynamic Coherent Diffractive Imaging with Modulus Enforced Probe and Low Spatial Frequency Constraints.

Dynamic behavior is prevalent in biological and condensed matter systems at the nano- and mesoscopic scales. Typically, we capture images as "snapshots" to demonstrate the evolution of a system, and coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CDI), as a lensless imaging technique, provides a nanoscale resolution, allowing us to clearly observe these microscopic phenomena. This paper presents a new dynamic CDI method based on zone-plate optics aiming to overcome the limitations of existing techniques in imaging fast dynamic processes by integrating the spatio-temporal dual constraint with a probe constraint.

Enhanced Imaging in Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopy Assisted by Ptychography.

Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is a direct imaging technique with nanoscale resolution. But its resolution is limited by the spot size on the sample, i.e.

The first urban open space product of global 169 megacities using remote sensing and geospatial data.

Urban open space (UOS) plays an important environmental role, especially in areas characterized by intense social and economic activity. However, the high interclass similarities, complex surroundings, and scale variations of UOS lead to unsatisfactory UOS mapping performance, and UOS mapping products for major cities around the world are lacking. To fill this gap, we used a deep learning-based method based on a tiny-manual annotation strategy and optical remote sensing imagery to produce a 1.

Multivariate Covalent Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Ammonia Nitrogen Separation: Structure-Property-Function Relationships.

Adsorption-based separation of cationic pollutants, typically ammonia nitrogen (NH -N), from water holds great potential for environmental decontamination and resource recycling. However, NH is more challenging to adsorb than other cations due to its stable structure and relatively large ionic radius. In this study, a "multivariate" synthetic strategy is applied to construct covalent channels through rational encoding sulfonic acid groups to enhance NH adsorption and to investigate the structure-property-function relationships of sulfonated covalent organic frameworks (COFs).

Recurrent Myxoid Liposarcoma of the Upper Thoracic Spine: A Case Report.

Introduction: Liposarcoma, one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, originates from primitive mesenchymal cells. However, spinal involvement of liposarcoma, whether primary or metastatic, is rare. According to literature reports, myxoid/round cell liposarcomas are the most common types affecting the spine.

Effects of sulfonamide on water remediation by aquatic plants: Insight from toxicological responses.

Overuse of antibiotics such as sulfonamide (SA) has led to their excess existence in water environment, which would threaten water ecological security and human health. In this study, the resistance of three plants to SA was systematically studied. The relative growth rate (RGR) of Pistia stratiotes L.

A huge gluteal mass diagnosed as CIC-rearranged sarcoma: a rare case report and literature review.

Capicua transcriptional repressor (CIC)-rearranged sarcoma, also known as CIC-rearranged sarcoma (CRS), is a recently recognized sarcoma subtype characterized by specific molecular features. It is associated with aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. Here, we present a rare case of CRS, including a detailed clinical, pathological, and molecular analysis, to enhance understanding of this disease and provide a reference for future diagnosis and treatment.

Mechanistic insights into the role of deep eutectic solvent toward enhanced production of monophenols from bagasse lignin.

The production of monophenols from lignin has been considered as an attractive strategy to produce high value-added biofuel. In the present study, the selective valorization of bagasse lignin to monophenols was implemented through deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment and catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP). The bagasse lignin was isolated by DES based on Choline chloride/lactic acid (ChCl/LA), and the yield of lignin reached 86.

Grazing regulates soil water-holding functions via altering plant functional groups in the southern Qilian Mountains.

The mattic epipedon (ME) is typically composed of abundant grassroots, organic matter and fine particles, and serves as a vital protective layer for alpine meadows. Overgrazing and human activities have greatly affected the water-holding capacity of ME. However, few studies have focused on the effect mechanism of grazing intensity on the soil water holding function of ME in alpine meadows.

New online beam intensity synchronous monitoring system in scanning transmission X-ray microscopy.

The scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) platform based on synchrotron radiation has achieved nanoscale imaging with chemical sensitivity using spectro-microscopy techniques. However, the quality of STXM imaging is affected by the stability of the beam intensity. The top-up operation mode of synchrotrons to maintain a constant electron beam intensity introduces periodic fluctuations in the X-ray beam intensity, leading to notable imaging noise that decreases both contrast and precision.

Temperature-driven CsgA-enhanced mutant enable distinct self-assembly.

Functional coating materials have found extensive applications across various technological fields. However, the effectiveness of these coating depends critically on the choice of an appropriate medium. In this study, we developed an advanced "molecular glue", a CsgA variant known as CsgA-pro, which can serve as a versatile medium for biotherapy.

Advances of Selenium in Poultry Nutrition and Health.

Selenium is widely acknowledged as an indispensable trace element for humans and various animals, including poultry. The addition of selenium in appropriate doses plays a crucial role in promoting poultry growth and reproduction. Conversely, both deficiency and excessive intake of selenium can pose significant threats to poultry health and production performance.

Identification of a New Conserved Antigenic Epitope by Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting the African Swine Fever Virus Capsid Protein p17.

African swine fever (ASF) has widely spread around the world in the last 100 years since its discovery. The African swine fever virus (ASFV) particles are made of more than 150 proteins, with the p17 protein encoded by the D117L gene serving as one of the major capsid proteins and playing a crucial role in the virus's morphogenesis and immune evasion. Thus, monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting p17 is important for the research and detection of ASFV infection.

A reconstruction method for ptychography based on residual dense network.

Background: Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is an important lens-free imaging method. As a variant of CDI, ptychography enables the imaging of objects with arbitrary lateral sizes. However, traditional phase retrieval methods are time-consuming for ptychographic imaging of large-size objects, e.