Dose-optimised recombinant human thrombopoietin eltrombopag in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: a multicenter, randomised controlled trial (The TE-ITP Study).

Background: Recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) at a fixed dose of 300 U/kg/day for 2 weeks has demonstrated good efficacy and safety in adults with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This trial aimed to develop a flexible and personalized rhTPO regimen that ensures efficacy and safety beyond previous fixed dose, with eltrombopag as an active comparator.

Methods: The TE-ITP trial was conducted in 12 centers across China.

Mechano-Gated Nanofluidic Piezomemristor: Elastic Nanochannel Bridging Dynamic Pressure Modulation and Neuromorphic Plasticity.

Nanofluidic memristors have become a hotspot in neuromorphic computing research due to their potential in modeling biological synaptic functions. However, many existing nanofluidic memristors rely on electrochemical or electric field-driven mechanisms, failing to directly mimic the properties of mechanically gated ion channels (e.g.

Electroacupuncture for hot flashes in early menopause: A randomized sham-controlled trial.

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) may affect the severity of hot flashes (HFs) associated with natural menopause and provide additional benefits for postmenopausal women. However, the evidence for its effectiveness in the management of early postmenopausal HFs remains inadequately understood.

Objective: We designed this trial to assess the efficacy and safety of EA for relieving early postmenopausal HFs.

Comparative Effects of Two Acupuncture Protocols in the Management of Chronic Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Chronic Insomnia Disorder (CID) significantly impairs both sleep quality and daytime functioning. However, current treatments have limited efficacy in improving daytime function and are often associated with side effects. This highlights the urgent need for effective and safe therapeutic approaches that can target both nocturnal and daytime symptoms.

Interfaces govern the structure of angstrom-scale confined water solutions.

Nanoconfinement of aqueous electrolytes is ubiquitous in geological, biological, and technological contexts, including sedimentary rocks, water channel proteins, and applications like desalination and water purification membranes. The structure and properties of water in nanoconfinement can differ significantly from bulk water, exhibiting, for instance, modified hydrogen bonds, altered dielectric constant, and distinct phase transitions. Despite the importance of nanoconfined water, experimentally elucidating the nanoconfinement effects on water, such as its orientation and hydrogen bond (H-bond) network, has remained challenging.

Profiling the impact of different tau species on glial cell biology.

Introduction: Tauopathies are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by abnormal tau protein accumulation in neuronal and/or glial cells. Different pathogenic tau mutations result in distinct patterns of tau deposition, yet the differential effects of these tau species on glial cell biology are poorly understood. This study examines glial cell function in response to two distinct tau variants: P301L (promoting insoluble/fibrillar tau) and A152T (favoring soluble/oligomeric tau).

Efficacy of acupuncture at "Ghost Points" in the treatment for chronic insomnia with depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Chronic insomnia is a pervasive health issue, particularly when accompanied by depressive symptoms. Limitations of conventional treatments have prompted us to explore new therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the effect of acupuncture at "Ghost Points" for treating insomnia with depressive symptoms.

The Psychological Experience of Caregivers of Children With Neuroblastoma Undergoing Naxitamab Treatment: A Qualitative Study in China.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a prevalent malignant tumour affecting children. Due to its insidious onset, malignant nature and poor prognosis, the absence of effective treatments presents a significant challenge, profoundly impacting children and their families. Children embody the core and hope of a family, and when faced with sudden adversity, parents often undergo psychological crises marked by anxiety, depression and severe emotional distress.

Toward the Thermoelectric ZT Limit via the Quantification of Interface-Driven Carrier Sorting.

Interfacial engineering is a promising strategy to enhance thermoelectric performance, but identifying and optimizing the interfacial carrier transport mechanisms required to approach the theoretical ZT limit remains challenging. Here, a unified, quantitative framework is presented to describe and correlate cross-interface transport with thermoelectric properties in heterostructures. Using SnSe/GeSe superlattices as a model, an effective interfacial energy-sorting potential (Φ) is introduced, defined as Φ = ΔE - δ, where ΔE is the valence band offset and δ accounts for interface-induced barrier softening.

Scutellarin mitigates LPS-ATP-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis through the inhibition of the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signalling pathway.

Scutellarin has a good myocardial protective effect. However, the underlying mechanism of scutellarin on cardiomyocyte pyroptosis remains unclear. In this study, we elucidated the mechanism of scutellarin to protect the injured myocardium.

Efficacy and safety of first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with or without anti-angiogenesis therapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy, with or without angiogenesis inhibitors, have been investigated as the first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, it remains unclear which treatment modalities are the most effective and safest, as comparative studies evaluating these treatment options are limited.

Objectives: This article aims to compare the relative efficacy and safety of ICIs + Chemo + angiogenesis inhibitors versus ICIs + Chemo as the first-line treatment for ES-SCLC.

Phononic perspective of anisotropic friction: Universal laws from the frictional phonon spectrum.

Friction, defined as the resistance to relative motion between two contacting objects, has historically been regarded as a consequence of mechanical energy dissipation. However, the precise mechanism by which it operates in the context of phonon excitation has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we present a theoretical framework based on the atomistic Green's function method that connects friction-excited phonons to the resulting friction force.

Survival and prognostic factors of HER2-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.

Background: Brain metastases (BM) represent a common complication in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) mutations. We aimed to characterize the BM incidence and its association with genetic subtypes, and to analyze treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in this patient population.

Methods: Between July 2018 and July 2023, we retrospectively screened 6536 patients with advanced NSCLC.

A four gene risk score model for prognosis and immune microenvironment insights in small cell lung cancer based on CAF functional-related genes.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is still one of the most formidable challenges in oncology. In this study, we introduce an innovative risk scoring model rooted in cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-related functional genes, designed to predict patient prognosis and illuminate the microenvironment of SCLC. Through Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, our model could effectively classify patients into high- and low-risk groups, with distinct survival outcomes and remarkable predictive accuracy, which has been evidenced by the AUC values.

Transport of Multivalent Ions under Subnanometer Confinement Revealed by a Machine Learning Potential.

Multivalent ions play a critical role in energy storage, environmental remediation, catalysis, and biomedical research due to their strong interactions with water and charged molecules. However, accurately modeling the transport behavior of multivalent ions within solid-state or biological nanochannels remains a significant challenge. In this study, we develop a machine learning potential trained on data sets derived from molecular dynamics simulations, enabling precise simulation of multivalent ion transport in nanochannels with density functional theory (DFT)-level accuracy.

Efficacy and safety analysis of China's first 10% IVIg (RonsenGlob) therapy in treating adult ITP.

A prospective, single-arm, open-label Phase III clinical trial was conducted across multiple centers in China from April 27, 2020, to June 15, 2021, to assess the efficacy and safety of 10% intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in treating adult immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Within 7 days of treatment initiation, the 10% IVIg group exhibited an overall response rate of 87.0%, with 32 patients (46.

Bioimpedance assessment method based on back propagation neural network for irreversible electroporation of liver tissue.

The safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in tumor therapy has been validated over many years by clinical application. An in-depth study, however, is required to assess the degree of ablation during the clinical dissemination of the treatment. In this study, we propose and validate a method to evaluate the degree of IRE by measuring the impedance spectra of tissues before and after pulsed electric field treatment.

Duodenal mucosal ablation with irreversible electroporation reduces liver lipids in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Duodenal mucosal ablation (DMA) using irreversible electroporation (IRE) with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist has been clinically shown to reduce liver lipid deposition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the specific metabolic contributions of DMA using IRE in NAFLD remain unclear.

Aim: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of DMA using IRE in NAFLD rat models.

Moiré Energy Dissipation Driven by Nonlinear Dynamics.

The moiré superlattice in twisted van der Waals heterostructures is of central importance for the modulation of the electronic and optical properties of the system, yet the mechanical dissipation of such moiré systems remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the experimental observations of energy dissipation across both vertical and lateral directions along the moiré superstructures, revealing a significant increase in dissipation at moiré ridges compared to flat domains. Comparison of the measurements with a theoretical phononic dissipation model suggests that the local increase in energy dissipation originates from nonlinear instability dynamics of the moiré superstructure.

Identification of a recombinant GII.13[P21] norovirus strain: molecular dynamic simulations indicate that gene mutations shifted its spectrum of binding to host receptor glycans.

Human norovirus is a pervasive pathogen that causes global outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis. Previous studies have suggested that histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) can interact with human norovirus, facilitating its entry of host cells and significantly affecting its evolution. In this study, the complete genome sequence of recombinant GII.

Corrigendum: Advances in application of hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.

YBX1 Modulates Intimal Hyperplasia by Regulating Expression and Alternative Splicing of Cell Cycle Associated Genes in RASMCs.

YBX1, a DNA-/RNA-binding protein, is implicated in various diseases, yet its role in intimal hyperplasia (IH) remains unclear. This study investigates YBX1's function in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) through knockdown experiments. Results show that YBX1 knockdown reduces cell proliferation and migration while inducing apoptosis.

Deubiquitination enzyme USP35 negatively regulates MAVS signaling to inhibit anti-tumor immunity.

The RIG-I/MAVS signaling stimulates anti-tumor immunity by triggering the production of inflammatory cytokines. Activation of MAVS induced by viral RNA and RIG-I binding is critical in this pathway. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of MAVS activity and its function in anti-tumor immunity is not fully understood.

Differential Effects of Light and Dark Phase Modifications on Jet Lag Adaptability in Mice.

In chronobiology, shifting light/dark cycles is a common method to disrupt circadian rhythms. While the direction and magnitude of a phase shift (e.g.