Knockout of the SfVipR1 gene confers high-level resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa toxin in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Background: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins, including crystalline (Cry) proteins and vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips), are extensively used in transgenic crops due to their efficacy, low environmental impact, and safety. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, has evolved practical resistance to Cry1Fa, yet no practical resistance to Vip3Aa has been documented. However, both laboratory selection and field screen studies indicate a high potential for this pest to evolve resistance to Vip3Aa, making it crucial to evaluate potential resistance genes.

Gene augmentation therapy restores vision and preserves photoreceptors in a mouse model of CNGA1-retinitis pigmentosa.

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a leading cause of blindness affecting 2 million people worldwide. Mutations in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1 (CNGA1) account for 2-8% of autosomal recessive RP with no available treatment. Here we further evaluate our previously developed Cnga1 mouse model.

Multichannel and low-loss topological photonic crystal fiber in a mid-infrared band.

A multichannel topological photonic crystal fiber (TPCF) with low loss is designed on the basis of two combined different basic photonic crystal units with topologically protected corner states. The relationship between the position modulation parameters and the characteristic frequency of the corner states is studied. Different spatial distributions of the corner states with different transmission wavelengths are found.

Identification of SfABCC2 as the critical receptor for Cry1Fa and Cry1Ab in Spodoptera frugiperda via CRISPR-mediated gene knockouts.

Insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used to control major agricultural pests through genetically modified (GM) Bt crops. However, the development of resistance in target pests could undermine the effectiveness of Bt crops. Understanding the mechanisms of action of Bt insecticidal proteins and the resistance mechanisms in pests is crucial for developing effective resistance management strategies to sustain the use of Bt crops.

Research on the impact of official type and officiating expertise on visual tracking performance: based on the multiple identity tracking task.

Introduction: Recent studies highlight the significance of visual cognition in sports officiating. This study investigates how official type and officiating expertise influence visual tracking performance using the Multiple Identity Tracking (MIT) and dot-detection tasks.

Methods: 36 officials aged 20-38 years were recruited and classified into interactors (basketball referees), reactors (badminton judges), and monitors (gymnastics judges) according to official type, and into expert and non-expert groups according to officiating expertise.

SELENBP1 Inhibits the Malignant Progression and Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Through the KEAP1-NRF2 Signaling Pathway.

Radiotherapy is the primary treatment modality for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, radioresistance remains a significant challenge, contributing to treatment failure in over 20% of cases. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms underlying radioresistance is essential. Although selenium-binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) is known to be dysregulated in various human malignancies, its role in NPC radioresistance has not yet been clarified.

Gene editing to enhance pesticide resistance in a beneficial predatory mite.

Successful integrated pest management (IPM) often depends on a suite of control strategies that are compatible with one another. The predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a key biological control agent of spider mites (especially Tetranychus spp.) and other diminutive, yet important arthropod pests of agriculture.

Ozone exposure and increased risk of age-related macular degeneration: Evidence from nationwide cohort and toxicological studies.

Evidence regarding the impact of ozone on age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains limited. We conducted a nationwide cohort analysis of 27,923 participants in China, along with a random control animal toxicological study, to elucidate the temporal relationship between ozone exposure and AMD as well as the underlying biological explanation. In the population study, 5,149 participants were diagnosed with incident AMD during a 348,701 person-month follow-up.

Disruption of HaVipR1 confers Vip3Aa resistance in the moth crop pest Helicoverpa armigera.

The global reliance on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins for controlling lepidopteran pests in cotton, corn, and soybean crops underscores the critical need to understand resistance mechanisms. Vip3Aa, one of the most widely deployed and currently effective Bt proteins in genetically modified crops, plays a pivotal role in pest management. This study investigates the molecular basis of Vip3Aa resistance in Australian Helicoverpa armigera through genetic crosses, and integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses.

Functional redundancy in the toxic pathway of Bt protein Cry1Ab, but not Cry1Fa, against the Asian corn borer.

Crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal proteins from the bacterium (Bt) have been used extensively to control some major crop pests, but their benefits decrease when pests evolve resistance. Better understanding of the genetic basis of resistance is needed to effectively monitor, manage, and counter pest resistance to Bt crops. Resistance to Bt proteins in at least 11 species of Lepidoptera, including many important crop pests, is associated with naturally occurring mutations that disrupt one or more of three larval midgut proteins: cadherin and ATP-binding cassette proteins ABCC2 and ABCC3.

The synergism between metabolic and target-site resistance enhances the intensity of resistance to pyrethroids in Spodoptera exigua.

The widespread application of insecticides imposes intense selective pressure on pest populations, driving the evolution of high-level resistance and leading to frequent control failures of pest. Insecticide resistance is primarily mediated through two primary mechanisms: target-site insensitivity and enhanced metabolic detoxification. However, the potential interactions and synergistic effects between these mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Population genomics reveals population structure and local adaptation of the Helicoverpa armigera lineage in Xinjiang, China.

Background: The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, is a global pest of many crops, particularly cotton. Populations in Xinjiang (north-western China) are distinct from other major lineages in eastern China and elsewhere. Cotton is grown in Xinjiang in a wide range of climatic conditions but little is known about H.

Differential contributions of the ryanodine receptor I4723M and I4723K mutations to diamide resistance in Spodoptera litura.

The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is a significant pest that damaging various crops. Previous research has shown that the I4723M mutation in the ryanodine receptor of S. litura (SlRyR), which is equivalent to the Plutella xylostella RyR I4790M, confers approximately 20-fold resistance to chlorantraniliprole.

circSIRT2/miR-542-3p/VASH1 axis regulates endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in subretinal fibrosis in age-related macular degeneration models.

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), characterized by choroidal neovascularization (CNV), is one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment and irreversible vision loss around the world. Subretinal fibrosis (SRF) contributes to the incomplete response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment and is one of the main reasons for long-term poor visual outcomes in nAMD. Reducing SRF is urgently needed in the anti-VEGF era.

Cap-specific terminal N6-methyladeonsine methylation of RNA mediated by PCIF1 and possible therapeutic implications.

Posttranscriptional RNA modification is an important mode of epigenetic regulation in various biological and pathological contexts. N6, 2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) is one of the most abundant methylation modifications in mammals and usually occurs at the first transcribed nucleotide. Accumulating evidence indicates that m6Am modifications have important roles in RNA metabolism and physiological and pathological processes.

V1848I Mutation in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Confers High-Level Resistance to Indoxacarb and Metaflumizone in .

is one of the most serious lepidopteran pests of global importance. With the intensive use of insecticides, has evolved resistance to many insecticides, including the sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) indoxacarb and metaflumizone. In this study, we investigated the role of the V1848I mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) in SCBI resistance and its inheritance patterns in through the development and characterization of a near-isogenic resistant strain.

Assessment of climatic and anthropogenic influences on vegetation dynamics in China: a consideration of climate time-lag and cumulative effects.

Determining the factors that drive vegetation variation is complicated by the intricate interactions between climatic and anthropogenic influences. Neglecting the short-term time-lag and cumulative effects of climate on vegetation growth (i.e.

F116I mutation in CYP9A25 associated with resistance to emamectin benzoate in Spodoptera litura.

Background: The F116V mutation in the substrate recognition site 1 (SRS1) of Spodoptera exigua CYP9A186 has been demonstrated to confer ~200-fold resistance to emamectin benzoate (EB). In this study, a novel mutation (F116I) in CYP9A25, orthologous to CYP9A186, was detected in a field population of Spodoptera litura (YJ22) collected from Yuanjiang, Yunnan province, China in 2022. The association of this mutation with EB resistance was investigated.

piggyBac-based transgenic Helicoverpa armigera expressing the T92C allele of the tetraspanin gene HaTSPAN1 confers dominant resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac.

Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized pest control. However, the evolution of resistance by target pests poses a significant threat to the long-term success of Bt crops. Understanding the genetics and mechanisms underlying Bt resistance is crucial for developing resistance detection methods and management tactics.

Borderline Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip With Osseous Impingement as Distinct From Femoroacetabular Impingement and Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Background: Borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH) accompanied by cam deformity and subspinous impingement has been found to benefit from arthroscopic surgery. However, the research comparing BDDH combined with osseous impingement to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) without borderline dysplasia remains limited.

Purpose/hypothesis: To compare the clinical symptoms, intraoperative findings, and outcomes of hip arthroscopy in patients with BDDH and osseous impingement versus cam-type FAI.

Development of resistance monitoring for Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance to pyramided Bt cotton in China.

The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a significant cotton pest worldwide. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton producing Cry1Ac has been used since 1997 for the control of this pest in China and a significant increase in H. armigera resistance to Cry1Ac has occurred in northern China.