Optimizing Motion Management and Baseline Shifts in Magnetic Resonance-Guided Spine Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy.

Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has proven effective in controlling spinal lesions with minimal toxicity, primarily due to its ability to limit spinal cord dose. Recent advances in MR-linac (MRL) technology offer superior spinal cord visualization and real-time gating, which can facilitate dose escalation in spinal tumor treatment while maintaining safety.

Purpose: This study aimed to optimize motion management for spine SBRT on an MRL by analyzing patient-specific motion dynamics and evaluating the most effective registration structures.

miR-223 alleviates DSS-induced colitis by prompting macrophage M2 polarization through PPAR-γ/FOXO1 signaling.

Background: Macrophage polarization represents a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study investigates the role of miRNA-223 (miR-223) in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and its regulation of macrophage polarization.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to four groups: Wild-type (WT) control, DSS-treated group (DSS), DSS+miR-223 agomir (DSS+A), and DSS+ miR-223 agomir negative control (DSS+NC).

AdaptiveGS: an explainable genomic selection framework based on adaptive stacking ensemble machine learning.

We developed an adaptive and unified stacking genomic selection framework and designed a model interpretation strategy to identify the candidate significant SNPs of target traits. Genomic selection (GS) is an important technique in modern molecular breeding. As a powerful machine learning (ML) GS approach, stacking ensemble learning (SEL) combines multiple basic models (base learners, BLs) and effectively blends the strengths of different models to precisely depict the complex relationships between phenotypes and genotypes.

FusionINV: A Diffusion-Based Approach for Multimodal Image Fusion.

Infrared images exhibit a significantly different appearance compared to visible counterparts. Existing infrared and visible image fusion (IVF) methods fuse features from both infrared and visible images, producing a new "image" appearance not inherently captured by any existing device. From an appearance perspective, infrared, visible, and fused images belong to different data domains.

High-Throughput F NMR Chiral Analysis for Screening and Directed Evolution of Imine Reductases.

Biocatalysis is an essential tool for asymmetric synthesis, significantly enhancing the production of chiral molecules. As advancements in protein screening and engineering rapidly evolve, the demand for efficient, rapid chiral analysis methods has intensified. Addressing this need, we introduce a high-throughput F NMR-based assay that provides comprehensive insights into the enantioselectivity, stereopreference, and yields of biocatalytic reactions.

Mir-199a-3p aggravates neuroinflammation in an Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse model by promoting M1-polarization microgliaMir-199a-3p M1.

Chronic neuroinflammation, driven by M1-polarized microglia, is a core pathological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated expression levels of miR-199a-3p and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected in the hippocampi of AD transgenic mice and in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. We hypothesized that miR-199a-3p exacerbates neuroinflammation by promoting M1 microglial polarization in AD progression.

One-pot construction of monodisperse core-shell silica microsphere with quinine-containing hybrid fibrous shell for racemates separation.

Background: The traditional chiral stationary phases (CSPs) preparation process involved two main parts: matrix microsphere structure regulation and surface bonding of chiral selector, demonstrating cumbersome preparation steps and long time consumption, while the currently spherical chiral hybrid CSPs could easily solve this problem by using chiral selectors as silicone precursors to participate in hybridization of CSPs directly, the preparation efficiency would be significantly improved, while the development of chiral hybrid core-shell silica CSPs with excellent monodispersity, uniform shell thickness and suitable pore structure was a challenging problem.

Results: In this work, an oil-water bi-phase method was been precisely designed to fabricate the sub-2 μm core-shell silica microspheres with quinine-containing hybrid fibrous shell (SiO@SiO-t-BuCQN) in one-pot process, the hybrid shell thickness and specific surface area were measured about 171 nm and 120.4 m g.

Design and testing of high-temperature and high-pressure cell for SANS at CSNS.

With the stable operation of the Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) instrument at the China Spallation Neutron Source, the demand for diverse sample environments has significantly increased. Common atmospheric pressure conditions are no longer sufficient for user experiments, making it essential to develop new sample environment equipment that allows the samples to be tested under a joint high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) condition. In situ HTHP-SANS experiments are crucial for studying materials such as shale, gas hydrate, biological proteins, and colloids.

Electrochemically Driven Dearomative Spirocyclization of Anisole-Based Cyclopropanols: Total Synthesis of Anhydro-β-rotunol.

An eco-friendly electrochemical oxidative dearomatization of anisole-based cyclopropyl alcohols has been developed for synthesizing spiro[4.5]diketones. The reaction involves the simultaneous C-C bond cleavage of cyclopropyl alcohols and spirocyclization with anisole under electrochemical conditions, eliminating the need for metal catalysts or additional oxidants.

Targeting Cystine Metabolism in the Lung Cancer Environment Enhances the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition.

Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) has shown promising therapeutic effects in the treatment of lung cancer, the overall efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is only 20%-30%. Thus, more effective combination therapies are needed. This study finds that cystine and cysteine levels in tumor tissues of lung cancer patients are significantly higher than adjacent non-tumor tissues.

Long-term Results From a phase 1 Study of Spinal Cord Constraint Relaxation With Single Session Spine Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Primary Management of Patients With Inoperable, Previously Unirradiated Spinal Metastases With Epidural Extension.

Purpose: We seek to report long-term results of a phase 1 protocol relaxing the spinal cord dose constraint when using spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) in the primary management of spinal metastases with epidural extension in inoperable patients.

Methods And Materials: Inoperable patients with previously unirradiated thoracic metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC), ranging from impending cord compression to true cord compression, received single-fraction SSRS on this phase 1 protocol. Incremental spinal cord constraint relaxation was performed from an initial allowable maximum dose delivered to 0.

Catalysts for electrochemical CO conversion: material sustainability perspective.

The electrochemical reduction of CO (eCOR) presents a promising pathway for addressing climate change by converting CO into value-added chemicals and fuels. A crucial aspect of this technology is the choice of catalyst materials, which directly influences the selectivity, stability and sustainability of the process. Here we introduce a streamlined supply risk assessment coupled with life-cycle environmental impact associated with various catalysts used in eCOR for products, including formate, carbon monoxide, ethylene, and ethanol to provide a well-rounded perspective for catalysts' sustainability assessment.

Case Report: Successful late-line pralsetinib treatment in an ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma patient with KIF5B-RET fusion resistant to alectinib.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase () fusion, an oncogenic driver alteration, accounts for 5%-6% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provide significant clinical benefit in advanced ALK-rearranged NSCLC. However, acquired resistance to TKIs inevitably arises, and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated.

Quantitative analysis of the correlation between body posture quality assessment scores and handwriting quality measures.

Various technological applications for body posture correction have been proposed in order to improve handwriting or facilitate its learning for children, under the assumption that a better posture promotes better handwriting. However, very little research investigates the correlation between body posture quality and handwriting quality. Moreover, investigating this correlation typically necessitates the expertise of human observers, leading to high costs, slow progress, and potential subjectivity issues.

Cross-frequency coupling between low frequency and gamma oscillations altered in cognitive biotype of depression.

Aim: The cognitive biotype of depression has been conceptualized as a distinct subtype characterized by unique distinct neural correlates and specific clinical features. Abnormal neural oscillations related to cognitive dysfunction have been extensively studied, with particular attention given to gamma oscillations due to their crucial role in neurocircuit operations, emotional processing, and cognitive functions. Nevertheless, cross-frequency coupling between low frequency and gamma oscillations in the cognitive biotype of depression have yet to be fully elucidated.

Local Control After Adjuvant Radiosurgery for Spinal Metastasis Treated With Decompression and Posterior Segmental Stabilization: A Comparison Between Carbon Fiber/Polyetheretherketone-Based and Metallic Implants.

Purpose: Carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFRP) spinal implants are gaining popularity in the surgical management of spinal metastasis because of their physical and radiographic properties, which facilitate adjuvant radiation planning and tumor surveillance. Their impact on clinical outcomes is still under investigation. We evaluated the role of hardware material (CFRP vs titanium) in local control and hardware durability in metastatic cases receiving decompressive surgery and adjuvant spinal stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS).

Sacral fracture risk after stereotactic spinal radiosurgery: a multi-institution, retrospective analysis.

Objective: Spinal stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) is an established treatment modality for spinal metastatic disease. A common complication of SSRS is postradiation pathologic fracture. The authors evaluated the risk of pathologic fracture in sacral SSRS.

Synergistic catalysis of satellite single-atomic Fe sites and RuFe nanoclusters on N-rich carbon nanoflowers for boosting oxygen reduction.

Improving oxygen reduction activity and stability of catalysts is an effective strategy, which can be achieved by fine-regulating electronic structure of active centers and adsorption behavior of intermediates through synergistic effects and multiple coordination between the metal clusters and single-atom sites. Herein, we introduce a dual-linker-engaged self-assembly strategy to construct three-dimensional nitrogen-rich carbon nanoflowers with a simultaneous loading of satellite Fe single atoms (SAs) and RuFe nanoclusters (NCs) by high-temperature pyrolysis. X-ray absorption fine structure characterizations and DFT calculations confirm that the synergistic interactions between single-atomic Fe sites (coordinated as Fe-N) and RuFe NCs significantly enhance oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity.

Therapy, Safety, and Logistics of Preoperative vs Postoperative Stereotactic Radiation Therapy: A Preliminary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Preoperative stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) vs postoperative SRT logistics and toxic effects provides clinically significant data on management outcomes.

Objective: To determine preoperative SRT logistics and safety profile compared with postoperative in patients with brain metastases.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This single-institution phase 3 randomized clinical trial included patients 18 years and older and undergoing a planned surgical resection.

Integration of machine learning in biomarker discovery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Applications and future directions.

Purpose: Recent advancements in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics algorithms have facilitated significant breakthroughs in both fundamental and clinical tumor research. Nevertheless, the processing and utilization of large-scale data continue to pose substantial challenges. Machine learning (ML)-based integrative analysis methods present a novel approach for navigating these complex datasets, thereby enhancing the understanding of tumors from multiple perspectives.

Preparation of a Nano-Laminated ScSnC MAX Phase Coating on SiC Fibers via the Molten Salt Method.

The incorporation of MAX phase interface layers into silicon carbide (SiC) composites has been shown to significantly enhance mechanical properties, particularly under irradiation conditions. However, conventional Ti-based MAX phases suffer from thermal instability and tend to decompose at high temperatures. In this work, an ScSnC coating was successfully synthesized onto the surface of SiC fibers (SiC) via an in situ reaction between metals and pyrolytic carbon (PyC) in a molten salt environment.

USP51/GRP78/ABCB1 axis confers chemoresistance through decreasing doxorubicin accumulation in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Recent studies have indicated that the expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 51 (USP51), a novel deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that mediates protein degradation as part of the ubiquitin‒proteasome system (UPS), is associated with tumor progression and therapeutic resistance in multiple malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms and signaling networks involved in USP51-mediated regulation of malignant phenotypes remain largely unknown. The present study provides evidence of USP51's functions as the prominent DUB in chemoresistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.

Neural oscillations induced by gamma sensory entrainment in cognitive biotype of depression.

Aim: Abnormal neural oscillations have long been associated with cognition in depression, especially gamma oscillation that participates in neurocircuit function, emotion, and cognition. However, whether gamma sensory entrainment induces alterations in neural oscillations within the cognitive biotype of depression remains unresolved.

Method: The study includes 141 depressed patients in remission.