Projecting Global Trends and Inequalities in Adult Overweight and Obesity, 2023-2040: Findings From the NCD-RisC Database.

Objective: This study quantifies the global burden of overweight and obesity, projects future trends, and examines associated health inequalities.

Methods: Overweight and obesity burden data were obtained from the NCD-RisC database. Trends from 1990 to 2022 were analyzed, and a Bayesian model was used to project changes for 2023-2040.

A novel linear B-cell epitope on S2 protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus identified using a monoclonal antibody.

Background: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a devastating coronavirus that causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms and high mortality in piglets, resulting in substantial economic losses in the swine industry. The spike (S) protein, particularly its S2 subunit, plays a crucial role in virus-host membrane fusion and exhibits high conservation among TGEV strains. However, B-cell epitopes within the TGEV S2 protein remain largely uncharacterized.

Unraveling Phase Transition Dynamics in Carbon-Modulated Synthesis of LMFP Cathodes from Hydrated Phosphate Precursors.

Conventional LiFePO cathodes face limitations due to their low operating voltage (3.4 V) and discharge capacity. Partial Mn substitution in LiMnFePO (LMFP) elevates the discharge potential to 4.

Effect of Wendan decoction granules on preventing endolymphatic hydrops and protecting vestibular function in Guinea pigs.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the therapeutic effects of Wendan decoction on endolymphatic hydrops (EH), a condition characterized by excessive inner ear fluid accumulation that is associated with Meniere's disease, in guinea pigs, offering insights for clinical application.

Methods: The active components and action targets of compound Wendan decoction were identified using BATMAN-TCM in this study. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were conducted on Metascape and bioinformatics.

Deep RNA analyses for BeWo cells and placentae of HIV positive pregnant women treated with lopinavir/ritonavir.

Introduction: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) based on protease inhibitor lopinavir /ritonavir (LPV/r) is the first-line regimen for HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in China. Studies have indicated a correlation between LPV/r and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). However, a knowledge gap exists regarding the potential mechanisms.

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a rare liver tumor: a case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is classified as a rare, low-grade malignant neoplasm of vascular origin. This study presents a case report of a young female patient recently diagnosed with HEHE. A comprehensive review of the current understanding of HEHE is provided, along with the implementation of a novel combination treatment approach based on contemporary knowledge of this rare hepatic malignancy.

The spatio-temporal trends and determinants of liver cancer attributable to specific etiologies: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Although liver cancer has varied causes, its evolving epidemiology and causal drivers remain underexplored. This study quantifies the trends and drivers of liver cancer burden attributable to specific causes from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we extracted prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with specific causes of liver cancer.

Evaluating crash risk factors of farm equipment vehicles on county and non-county roads using interpretable tabular deep learning (TabNet).

Crashes involving farm equipment vehicles are a significant safety concern on public roads, particularly in rural and agricultural regions. These vehicles display unique challenges due to their slow-moving operational speed and interactions with faster vehicles, often leading to severe crashes. This study analyzed crashes involving farm equipment vehicles to examine the factors influencing crash severity, with a particular focus on comparing incidents on county roads to those on non-county roads.

An efficient metal-free carbon catalyst boosting hydrogen production below the 1.23 V water electrolytic boundary.

An efficient carbon-based catalyst is designed for enhancing the anodic carbon oxidation reaction (COR), replacing sluggish oxygen evolution to enable hydrogen production below the 1.23 V boundary potential of water electrolysis, realizing low energy consumption of 3.53 kW h m H.

Prevalence and associated factors with low birth weight among human immunodeficiency virus exposed infants between 2004 and 2021 in Hubei, China: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Low birth weight (LBW, < 2500 g) is an essential indicator of neonatal death and poor infant development, but data on LBW among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed infants in China is inadequate.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the temporal trend and factors associated with the LBW among HIV-exposed infants in Hubei province, China.

Methods: The pregnant women living with HIV in Hubei province, China between Jan 2004 and Dec 2021 were enrolled this study.

Prevalence and recurrence rates of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with diffuse cystic lung diseases in China.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and recurrence rates of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) in patients with diffuse cystic lung diseases (DCLDs).

Methods: We retrospectively identified and analyzed medical records of patients with DCLDs encountered at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from Jan 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023.

Results: A total of 289 patients were identified with DCLDs; 212 females and 77 males, with a median age of 48 years (range, 18-81 years).

Advancements in electrochemical sensingTechnology for Heavy Metal Ions Detection.

Most heavy metal ions are carcinogenic and non-biodegradable, posing threats to ecological balance and human health in trace amount. Therefore, there is a pressing demand for rapid and dependable detection technologies. Electrochemical sensing technology distinguishes itself with its ease of use and swiftness, rendering it perfect for the expeditious detection of heavy metal elements.

Correction: Ma et al. Hyaluronic Acid Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Targeting Delivery of Kaempferol to NSCLC: Preparation, Optimization, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation In Vitro. 2022, , 4553.

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Role of the NOD1/Rip2 Signaling Pathway in Macrophage Inflammatory Activation Induced by ox-LDL.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the NOD1/Rip2 signaling pathway on macrophage inflammatory activation and polarity switching in ox-LDL-induced THP-1-derived macrophages. THP-1-derived macrophages were stimulated with various concentrations (10, 25, or 50 mg/L) of ox-LDL for different durations (8, 16, or 24 h). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of NOD1, Rip2, IL-10, IL-12, iNOS, and Arg-1.

Three novel Ascomycota (Saccharomycetes, Saccharomycetales) yeast species derived from the traditional Mexican alcoholic beverage Pulque.

The abundant variety of yeasts and their diverse applications have essential roles in traditional Mexican alcoholic beverage fermentation processes. During our investigation of yeast diversity associated with Pulque, 41 yeast strains were characterized. Among them, 31 strains were eight known species belonging to seven genera.

Global Trends and Inequalities of Liver Complications Related to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: An Analysis From 1990 to 2021.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is a significant driver of the increasing global burden of chronic liver disease. This study aimed to describe the temporal trends and inequalities of liver complications related to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (LC-MASLD) by geographical region, age and sex during 1990-2021.

Methods: Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021 data were analysed to assess LC-MASLD incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).