U1 snRNP and RNA polymerase II interaction is predominantly mediated by Prp40 rather than U1-70K in yeast.

Transcription and splicing are coupled both temporally and physically. A previous cryo-EM structure of the human U1 snRNP and RNA polymerase pol II complex has shown that U1 snRNP uses predominantly the RRM domain of U1-70K to directly interact with the RPB2 subunit of pol II. However, residues on U1-70K involved in the interaction with pol II are not conserved in yeast U1-70K, raising the question whether yeast U1 snRNP interacts with pol II in a similar manner.

The U1 snRNP protein U1C and Helix H of U1 snRNA are critical for small molecule splicing modulator function.

Risdiplam and branaplam represent two classes of small-molecule splicing modulators that promote U1 snRNP recognition of weak non-canonical GA/GU-containing 5' splice sites (ss). We demonstrated that branaplam enhanced recognition of these 5' ss by reconstituted U1 snRNP in vitro, and that this effect depended on the ZnF domain of U1C and Helix H of U1 snRNA, but not U1A or U1-70K. In cells, depletion of U1C generally reduced compound-induced exon inclusion for most cassette exons.

Application of the Neuroform Atlas Stent for Intracranial Stenting of Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Intracranial stenting with the Neuroform Atlas stent is an emerging treatment option for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Nevertheless, the efficacy and safety of the Neuroform Atlas stent as an option for intracranial stenting remain debatable.

Methods: This study enrolled clinical data from 264 consecutive patients diagnosed with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis treated with intracranial stenting with the Neuroform Atlas stent between January 2020 and February 2023 to assess the efficacy and safety of the procedure.

A novel linear B-cell epitope on S2 protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus identified using a monoclonal antibody.

Background: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a devastating coronavirus that causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms and high mortality in piglets, resulting in substantial economic losses in the swine industry. The spike (S) protein, particularly its S2 subunit, plays a crucial role in virus-host membrane fusion and exhibits high conservation among TGEV strains. However, B-cell epitopes within the TGEV S2 protein remain largely uncharacterized.

RNA-Binding Proteins (RBPs) and Circular RNA Biogenesis.

Many protein-coding genes in eukaryotes have the capacity to produce circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs are stable and covalently closed products generated from backsplicing. Their biogenesis is regulated by multiple factors, with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) playing a critical role.

Populus euphratica PeMAX2 counteracts PeGRP2 to stabilize target mRNAs relating to salt tolerance.

Populus euphratica glycine-rich RNA-binding protein 2 (PeGRP2) has been previously shown to destabilize target mRNAs and negatively regulates salt tolerance of poplar. This study aimed to explore the post-translational regulation of PeGRP2 in the salt-resistant poplar. PeGRP2 was demonstrated to interact with more axillary growth 2 (PeMAX2), an F-box leucine-rich repeat protein.

GhostConv+CA-YOLOv8n: a lightweight network for rice pest detection based on the aggregation of low-level features in real-world complex backgrounds.

Deep learning models for rice pest detection often face performance degradation in real-world field environments due to complex backgrounds and limited computational resources. Existing approaches suffer from two critical limitations: (1) inadequate feature representation under occlusion and scale variations, and (2) excessive computational costs for edge deployment. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces GhostConv+CA-YOLOv8n, a lightweight object detection framework was proposed, which incorporates several innovative features: GhostConv replaces standard convolutional operations with computationally efficient ghost modules in the YOLOv8n's backbone structure, reducing parameters by 40,458 while maintaining feature richness; a Context Aggregation (CA) module is applied after the large and medium-sized feature maps were output by the YOLOv8n's neck structure.

Biocontrol Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from 2-12 Against Associated with Root Rot.

Root rot, mainly caused by , is one of the most destructive diseases and leads to significant economic loss of . To develop an effective strategy for the management of this serious disease, a bacterial strain 2-12 was screened from rhizosphere soil and identified as based on the phylogenetic analyses of gyrase subunit B gene () and RNA polymerase gene () sequences. Interestingly, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by 2-12 exhibited potent antifungal activities against , as well as fifteen other plant pathogens.

Transcriptomics Analysis of the Adipogenic Differentiation Mechanism of Bovine Adipose-Derived Neural Crest Stem Cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of related genes during the differentiation process of baNCSCs into adipocytes using transcriptomics technique, thereby clarifying the potential mechanism underlying baNCSCs differentiation into adipocytes and providing insights into lipid metabolism and regulation of lipid deposition in ruminants. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted on the adipocytes of baNCSCs on days 0 (CON0), 3 (DIF3), and 9 (DIF9) of differentiation. The results showed that in the early stage of adipocyte differentiation of baNCSCs, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are mainly involved in metabolic pathways such as chromosome modification, cell cycle progression, and regulation of stem cell pluripotency.

Emotion recognition of CNN bidirectional long short-term memory with center and Softmax loss function (CNN-BiLSTM-CS) EEG -based.

EEG signal is being widely used in the field of emotion recognition, which currently suffers from the difficulty of obtaining highly distinguishable features. We propose CNN-BiLSTM-CS for emotion recognition EEG-based, which is to address the shortcomings of the traditional LSTM unidirectional propagation and Softmax supervised model in feature extraction. The method firstly employs BiLSTM to CNN, which can bilaterally obtain emotion feature information, and then introduces Center and Softmax to form a joint loss function to minimize the intra-class distance and maximize the inter-class distance, which can improve the recognition ability.

[Advances in the study on the regulatory mechanism of neural circuits in acupuncture treatment of stroke].

Stroke is a loss of brain functions due to disturbance of blood supply, leading to a series of diseases and sequelae. Nerve circuit damage is an important cause of functional impairment after stroke. The neural circuit in the brain is a system of interconnected neurons, and is the only way for information transmission in the human body.

Current progress of plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles on the regulation of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are clinically common chronic orthopedic diseases. With the aging of the global population, OP and OA pose a serious threat to human health. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by cells and can mediate inter-cell communication.

Effectiveness of Atlas Transverse Process Resection Combined with Release and Perfusion Techniques in Treating Clinical Symptoms Caused by Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis Secondary to External Compression.

Objective: The objective is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of partial atlas transverse process resection, with or without additional release and perfusion techniques, in the treatment of internal jugular vein stenosis from external compression.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent surgery from January 2020 to September 2022 and had J3 segment stenosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) owing to osseous compression. CT venography (CTV), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA), and Doppler ultrasonography were incorporated into the preoperative and postoperative evaluations at 1 week and 3 months to measure the diameter of the IJV and hemodynamic parameters.

Jingfang granule extends lifespan and healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans: insights from RNA-seq analysis of genetic mechanisms.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), as a globally recognized phytomedicinal approach, has made significant contributions to healthcare and anti-aging research worldwide. Jingfang Granule (JFG), an established TCM preparation in China, was demonstrated to exert effects on prolonging lifespan and healthspan via the Caenorhabditis elegans model in this study. We employed RNA-seq analysis to investigate the complex genetic interactions through which JFG extends the lifespan of C.

The Role of p53-Mediated Cellular Senescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

An increasing body of evidence suggests that cellular senescence is a risk factor for the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Cellular senescence is a permanent state by which cells cease to divide and adopt an irreversible cell cycle arrest, which is believed to contribute to aging and aging-related diseases. IPF is an age-related, chronic, progressive, and ultimately fatal interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology.

Staged vs stent-assisted coiling vs coiling alone: Safety and efficacy in acute ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.

Objective: This study aims to thoroughly analyze and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of three methods for treating acute ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms: stent-assisted coiling (SAC), coiling alone (CA), and staged stent-assisted coiling (s-SAC). By comprehensively evaluating the therapeutic outcomes, recovery times, and potential complications associated with these methods, the research seeks to provide clinicians with a rationale for optimizing treatment strategies, thereby enhancing the therapeutic outcomes and safety for patients with acute ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: We carried out a review of patients who experienced acute ruptures of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms and were treated with SAC, CA, or s-SAC between September 2014 and December 2019.

PRMT1-mediated metabolic reprogramming promotes leukemogenesis.

Copious expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is associated with poor survival in many types of cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia. We observed that a specific acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL) cell line (6133) derived from RBM15-MKL1 knock-in mice exhibited heterogeneity in Prmt1 expression levels. Interestingly, only a subpopulation of 6133 cells expressing high levels of Prmt1 caused leukemia when transplanted into congenic mice.

Integrated 'Shield-Spear' Biological Patch for Fibrosis-Free Bladder Reconstruction.

Bladder reconstruction without fibrosis remains a global challenge. Current bladder defect treatments primarily focus on repair at the level of vascularization, failing to balance healing and excessive collagen deposition, and neglecting the exacerbation of fibrosis due to neural dysregulation. In this study, an integrated 'shield-spear' patch composed of an anionic 'shield' hydrogel (HAD) and neuro-targeted 'spear' engineered extracellular vesicles (S100Aptamer-EVs) using Schiff base chemistry and Michael addition reactions is engineered.

Liquid lens with a large aperture and a wide zoom range by using a flexible retractable pipe.

In this work, a large-aperture and wide zoom range liquid lens based on a flexible retractable pipe is proposed. It mainly consists of a flexible corrugated pipe, transparent filling liquid, elastic film, and electromagnetic actuator. By applying different currents, the pipe stretches or compresses along the axial direction, changing the curvature of the elastic membrane instead of driving by the filling liquid flow, and ultimately realizing the continuous tuning of the focal length.

Interferometric micro-grating accelerometer based on vertical packaging.

This paper presents the optical sensing system based on the principle of Michelson interference. A multilayer diffraction grating is employed to decrease the zeroth-order light, which allows for the vertical packaging of both the light source and the sensing structure to reduce the packaging volume. The accelerometer has achieved a sensitivity of 82.

Association between perception of stigma and caregiver burden among mothers of children with cleft lip and palate surgeries and the mediating role of psychological resilience.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are common congenital conditions necessitating surgical intervention, often imposing significant emotional and social challenges on caregivers, particularly mothers. This study, conducted between August 2023 and May 2025, enrolled 146 mother-child dyads (each comprising a child scheduled for CLP surgery and their mother) to investigate caregiver burden, perceived stigma, psychological resilience, and social support through structured assessments and one-on-one interviews. Results revealed that elevated levels of perceived stigma were associated with increased caregiver burden.

Lipophilic marine toxins effects on Neuro-2a, NG108-15 and MCF-7 cell lines.

Okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2), yessotoxin (YTX), 1-homoyessotoxin (hYTX), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2), azaspiracid-1 (AZA1), azaspiracid-2 (AZA2), azaspiracid-3 (AZA3), pinnatoxin-G (PnTX-G), spirolide (SPX1) and gymnodimine (GYM) are lipophilic marine toxins (LMTs), which are harmful to humans and also possess potential therapeutic applications. To compare the toxicity and medical value of LMTs, Neuro-2a, NG108-15 and MCF-7 cell lines were employed to test cytotoxicity under the same conditions and toxin concentrations. These results showed OA, DTX1, DTX2, YTX, hYTX, PTX2, AZA1, AZA2 and AZA3 were cytotoxic in all tested cell types.

Discovering activity transition patterns in social media check-in behavior via temporal activity motifs.

Location-Based Social Network (LBSN) has produced a large quantity of user check-in data. A profound understanding of user behavior and intrinsic needs can be achieved by identifying patterns in activity type transitions, thereby enabling more intelligent location-based services. We proposed temporal activity motif and used this structure to identify frequent activity type transition patterns from check-in sequences, discovering the relationship and interaction between different activity types.

Pd single atoms guided proton transfer along an interfacial hydrogen bond network for efficient electrochemical hydrogenation.

Electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of unsaturated carbon-heteroatom bonds is essential for chemical transformations but is often limited by a barrier-intensive surface hydrogen transfer process. The interfacial hydrogen bond (HB) network offers a promising pathway for proton transfer but requires addressing the challenge of nondirectional proton shuttling in three-dimensional space. Here, we create hydrophilic CuO islands on Cu foam (CF) and load electron-enriched Pd (Pd) single atoms as proton traps (Pd-CuO/CF) to guide a fast proton transfer along a modified HB network to enhance ECH efficiency.

Knockdown of annexin A2 enhances the host cell apoptosis induced by .

Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a multifunctional protein involved in host-pathogen interactions during viral and parasitic infections. To investigate the role of ANXA2 in host cell apoptosis induced by , RNA interference (RNAi) was employed to specifically downregulate ANXA2 expression. Primary cultures of chicken embryonic cecal epithelial cells were established and subjected to sporozoite infection.