Three-Dimensional Magnetic Field Measurement of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using a Printed Circuit Board-Based Miniature Orthogonal Coil Array.

Objective: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising neuromodulation therapy for treating diseases such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. However, its efficacy depends on precise magnetic field targeting. Current measurement methods face a trade-off between accuracy and complexity.

Intracranial electric field dosage and clinical response to electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) provides rapid relief of depressive symptoms. However, the relationship between intracranial electric field (E-field) distribution, dosage, and antidepressant outcomes remains underexplored.

Methods: Thirty patients with depressive episodes received bifrontal ECT.

Staged vs stent-assisted coiling vs coiling alone: Safety and efficacy in acute ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.

Objective: This study aims to thoroughly analyze and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of three methods for treating acute ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms: stent-assisted coiling (SAC), coiling alone (CA), and staged stent-assisted coiling (s-SAC). By comprehensively evaluating the therapeutic outcomes, recovery times, and potential complications associated with these methods, the research seeks to provide clinicians with a rationale for optimizing treatment strategies, thereby enhancing the therapeutic outcomes and safety for patients with acute ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: We carried out a review of patients who experienced acute ruptures of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms and were treated with SAC, CA, or s-SAC between September 2014 and December 2019.

Correcting Performance Metrics Bias During Generalization from Biased Samples to Populations.

The performance of prediction algorithms is typically measured using four metrics: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). These metrics are usually calculated on samples drawn from patient populations. However, the performance metrics computed over a deliberately biased sample would not directly extend to its source population.

Electromagnetic interference suppression in combined tACS-rTMS therapy.

. The therapeutic potential of phase-synchronized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) integration is hindered by uncharacterized electromagnetic interference..

Electric field variations across DLPFC targeting methods in TMS therapy for Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is crucial for cognitive control and a primary target for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, understanding the distribution of TMS-induced electric field (E-field) across different targeting methods remains limited, as does its relationship to therapeutic outcomes.

Objective: This study assesses differences in TMS-induced E-field using functional versus anatomical targeting methods for DLPFC stimulation.

Advance Care Planning and Decision Regret Among Stroke Surrogate Decision Makers: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objectives: Investigate the association between advance care planning and decision regret among stroke surrogate decision makers.

Methods: People hospitalized with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and their surrogate decision makers were enrolled. Surrogates completed the validated decision regret scale (range 0-100, higher worse, analyzed as "any" vs "none") in the year after stroke (postdischarge, 3, 6, and 12 months).

Individual electric field in cortical white matter is correlated with cognitive improvement in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment.

BackgroundRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be effective for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI); however, the therapeutic efficacy varies significantly, highlighting the need for reliable biomarkers to predict treatment response. While rTMS may activates cortical white matter, the relationship between induced electric field (E-field) in this region and clinical outcomes remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study characterized the E-field in cortical gray matter (EF), cortical white matter (EF), and region-of-interest (EF) in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and explored their correlations with treatment efficacy in patients with MCI due to AD.

TomaFDNet: A multiscale focused diffusion-based model for tomato disease detection.

Introduction: Tomatoes are one of the most economically significant crops worldwide, with their yield and quality heavily impacted by foliar diseases. Effective detection of these diseases is essential for enhancing agricultural productivity and mitigating economic losses. Current tomato leaf disease detection methods, however, encounter challenges in extracting multi-scale features, identifying small targets, and mitigating complex background interference.

Associations of serum uric acid, risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and mortality: results from NHANES.

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has long been recognized as a significant contributor to mortality rates, holding a prominent position in the hierarchy of causes of death. Nevertheless, the presence of a causal relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and the risk of ASCVD, as well as mortality rates, remains unclear.

Methods: We initially conducted a comprehensive cohort study utilizing data sourced from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 to investigate the specific correlation between SUA levels and ASCVD.

Financial Concerns Are Common Among Family Surrogate Decision-Makers of Patients With Stroke: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background And Objectives: Stroke has a large aggregate financial effect, but the prevalence and predictors of cost concerns among family surrogate decision-makers of patients with stroke are unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence, predictors, and nature of cost concerns among family surrogate decision-makers of patients with stroke.

Methods: Family surrogate decision-makers of patients with stroke were recruited from a largely biethnic population-based study in Nueces County, TX.

Polybenzimidazole Composite Separators Engineered from MOFs-HNTs Composites Applicated in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Incorporating inorganic nanostructured materials into polymeric separators for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) enhances properties such as ionic conductivity, electrolyte wettability, and thermal resistance. However, poor interfacial compatibility between inorganic materials and the polymeric matrix remains a significant challenge. In this study, Zr-based UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is employed as an interfacial binder between halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and a poly-(arylene ether benzimidazole) (OPBI) matrix, preparing porous separators using the non-solvent phase separation (NIPS) method.

Direction of TIS envelope electric field: Perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus.

Background: Temporal Interference Stimulation (TIS) is a non-invasive approach to deep brain stimulation. However, most research has focused on the intensity of modulation, with limited attention given to the directional properties of the induced electric fields, despite their potential importance for precise stimulation.

New Methods: A novel analytical framework was developed to analyze TIS-induced electric field directions using individual imaging data.

A novel prefrontal cortex and hippocampus combined brain slice based on in vivo diffusion tensor imaging of healthy male rats.

The pathway between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) has been associated with various psychiatric disorders. While hippocampal brain slices are extensively utilized, their use has traditionally been constrained in studying long connectivity between PFC and HPC due to nerve fiber rupture during the slicing process. Consequently, optimizing brain slice preparation is crucial.

Transarterial embolization of anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas as a first-line approach: A retrospective single-center study.

Background: Anterior cranial fossa (ACF) dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) present unique treatment challenges due to their complex angioarchitecture and high risk of hemorrhage. Recent advancements in endovascular techniques have highlighted the potential of transarterial embolization in managing these fistulas.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcomes of transarterial embolization (TAE) as a first-line treatment for ACF DAVFs over a twenty-year period.

Chronic Disease and Future Perceptions of Financial Control: Results From the Midlife in the United States Cohort Study.

Objective: Rising health care costs and chronic disease prevalence have increased concerns about health-related financial burden. This study examined how baseline chronic disease burden was associated with subsequent perceptions of financial control ∼9 years later.

Methods: Data came from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) cohort, with MIDUS 1 and 2 used as baseline predictors for future perceived financial control outcomes at MIDUS 3.

Endovascular Treatment for Tentorial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Background And Purpose: Current evidence suggests that tentorial dural arteriovenous fistulas with endovascular treatment offer a high rate of occlusion and reduced procedural risks. We report the clinical and angiographic outcomes in patients with tentorial dural arteriovenous fistulas who underwent endovascular treatment as first-line treatment.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 83 patients with tentorial dural arteriovenous fistulas treated at our center from April 2009 to November 2023 by using endovascular treatment.

Changes in sleep-disordered breathing severity and post-stroke outcomes in the first year after stroke.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common among stroke survivors and is associated with worse functional, cognitive, and neurologic outcomes after stroke. Little is known about the association between changes in SDB and changes in these outcomes over time.

Methods: Ischemic stroke (IS) patients identified through the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi project were offered SDB testing with a portable respiratory monitor (ApneaLink Plus) shortly after stroke, and at 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-stroke.

Association Between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Critically Ill Patients With Pressure Injury: Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.

Aims And Objectives: To explore the relationship between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and the occurrence of Pressure injury (PI) in elderly Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients.

Background: PI represent a significant health concern within ICU, where the occurrence of such injuries is notably high among critically ill patients. However, few studies have explored the relationship between GNRI and PI.

Retrograde evoked compound action potentials as an alternative for close-loop spinal cord stimulation.

Evoked compound action potential (ECAP) is an important parameter in close-loop spinal cord stimulation (SCS). The recording electrode is typically positioned proximal to the stimulation electrode to capture the antegrade ECAP signals generated by ascending fibers. However, relatively little research has been conducted on retrograde ECAPs.

[Simulation study on parameter optimization of transcranial direct current stimulation based on rat brain slices].

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an important method for treating mental illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper reconstructed two brain slice models based on rat brain slice staining images and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data respectively, and the current densities of hippocampus after cortical tDCS were obtained through finite element calculation. Subsequently, a neuron model was used to calculate the response of rat hippocampal pyramidal neuron under these current densities, and the neuronal responses of the two models under different stimulation parameters were compared.

PATIENT RECRUITMENT USING ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS UNDER SELECTION BIAS: A TWO-PHASE SAMPLING FRAMEWORK.

Electronic health records (EHRs) are increasingly recognized as a cost-effective resource for patient recruitment in clinical research. However, how to optimally select a cohort from millions of individuals to answer a scientific question of interest remains unclear. Consider a study to estimate the mean or mean difference of an expensive outcome.

Jellyfish-Inspired Artificial Spider Silk for Luminous Surgical Sutures.

The development of functional surgical sutures with excellent mechanical properties, good fluorescence, and high cytocompatibility is highly required in the field of medical surgeries. Achieving fibers that simultaneously exhibit high mechanical robustness, good spinnability, and durable fluorescence emission has remained challenging up to now. Taking inspiration from the spinning process of spider silk and the luminescence mechanism of jellyfish, this work reports a luminous artificial spider silk prepared with the aim of balancing the fiber spinnability and mechanical robustness.