Three-Dimensional Magnetic Field Measurement of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using a Printed Circuit Board-Based Miniature Orthogonal Coil Array.

Objective: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising neuromodulation therapy for treating diseases such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. However, its efficacy depends on precise magnetic field targeting. Current measurement methods face a trade-off between accuracy and complexity.

Celastrol modulates IRS1 expression to alleviate ovarian aging and to enhance follicular development.

Ovarian aging significantly contributes to the decline of the female reproductive system, adversely affecting fertility and endocrine homeostasis. To address the challenges posed by reproductive aging, natural products have shown promising preventive and therapeutic effects. Here, we investigated the beneficial effects of natural compound celastrol on ovarian development and aging, together with its underlying mechanisms.

Stable DNA Storage Encoding Scheme Based on Repeating Substring Tree.

DNA storage is considered to be a promising storage media in the current era of data explosion. DNA encoding is the beginning of the DNA storage process and lays the foundation for subsequent processes. However, many encoding methods suffer from low encoding rate, do not satisfy important constraints, or have insufficient sequence stability.

Electromagnetic interference suppression in combined tACS-rTMS therapy.

. The therapeutic potential of phase-synchronized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) integration is hindered by uncharacterized electromagnetic interference..

Electric field variations across DLPFC targeting methods in TMS therapy for Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is crucial for cognitive control and a primary target for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, understanding the distribution of TMS-induced electric field (E-field) across different targeting methods remains limited, as does its relationship to therapeutic outcomes.

Objective: This study assesses differences in TMS-induced E-field using functional versus anatomical targeting methods for DLPFC stimulation.

[Association between obesity and the risk of microvascular complications in Yinzhou District, Ningbo adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Objective: To investigate the association between various obesity indices and the risk of developing microvascular complications in adult patients with Type 2 diabetes(T2DM), using cohort data derived from Yinzhou District Health Big Data Platform of China.

Methods: This study included adult patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM) who were enrolled between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2013, in Yinzhou District, Ningbo, and did not have any microvascular complications at baseline. Data collection encompassed demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, laboratory test result, and physical examination findings, obtained at both baseline and during follow-up periods through structured epidemiological surveys and clinical assessments.

Factors Related to Hypertension in Pediatric Patients Who Do Not Have Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Chart Study.

: The relationship between OSA and adult hypertension has been extensively studied; however, it remains understudied in pediatric patients without OSA. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with pediatric hypertension without OSA, through an IRB-approved retrospective chart review of patients who underwent polysomnography at Nemours Children's Hospital, DE/NJ between January 2020 and July 2023. : Eligibility criteria included children 8-17 years, completed PSG, and clinic visit blood pressure (BP).

MUSeg: A multimodal semantic segmentation dataset for complex underground mine scenes.

Visual perception is one of the core technologies for achieving unmanned and intelligent mining in underground mines. However, the harsh environment unique to underground mines poses significant challenges to visible light-based visual perception methods. Multimodal fusion semantic segmentation offers a promising solution, but the lack of dedicated multimodal datasets for underground mines severely limits its application in this field.

Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase targeted by a Fusarium graminearum effector positively regulates wheat FHB resistance.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease that affects global wheat production. F. graminearum encodes many effector proteins; however, its virulence mechanisms are poorly understood.

Transcription and functional analysis of phosphine fumigation regulating heat responses in Bactrocera dorsalis.

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is a highly destructive pest in fruits, vegetables and flowers with heat treatment being common for its control in internationally traded produce. However, heat treatment can adversely affect quality, which limits its application. This study aimed to develop a novel control strategy combining phosphine fumigation with heat treatment (P + H), demonstrating a significant synergistic effect in controlling B.

Smilax china L. Rhizome extract enhances anti-tumor immune responses by resetting M2-like macrophages and tumor-associated macrophages to M1-like via ERK1/2 signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Smilax china L. is a traditional Chinese herb. Smilax china L.

Time-divided hypoglycemia management derived by continuous glucose monitoring may reduce microvascular diseases in type 2 diabetes patients.

Purpose: To assess the association between hypoglycemia exposure and the risk of developing microvascular diseases (MVDs) in type 2 diabetes patients via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), aiming to identify optimal hypoglycemia thresholds for improved glucose management.

Methods: A total of 174 type 2 diabetes patients underwent 2 weeks of CGM. Binary multivariate logistic regression assessed the association between hypoglycemia exposure and MVDs prevalence at thresholds of 3.

Integrating 16srRNA sequencing, non-targeted metabolomics, and transcriptome sequencing to explore the mechanism of Total glucosides of paeony alleviating ulcerative colitis.

Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), an active ingredient extracted from the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., has been approved in China for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. However, the role and mechanism of TGP in UC have yet to be fully elucidated.

Evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on hepatitis B in Henan Province and its epidemic trend based on Bayesian structured time series model.

Background: There may be evidence that COVID-19 affects illness patterns. This study aimed to assess the effects of COVID-19 epidemic on the declines in hepatitis B (HB) case notifications and to estimate the epidemiological trends of HB in Henan.

Methods: The Bayesian structured time series (BSTS) method was used to investigate the causal effect of COVID-19 on the decline in HB cases based on the monthly incidence of HB from January 2013 to September 2022.

A barley pan-transcriptome reveals layers of genotype-dependent transcriptional complexity.

A pan-transcriptome describes the transcriptional and post-transcriptional consequences of genome diversity from multiple individuals within a species. We developed a barley pan-transcriptome using 20 inbred genotypes representing domesticated barley diversity by generating and analyzing short- and long-read RNA-sequencing datasets from multiple tissues. To overcome single reference bias in transcript quantification, we constructed genotype-specific reference transcript datasets (RTDs) and integrated these into a linear pan-genome framework to create a pan-RTD, allowing transcript categorization as core, shell or cloud.

Molecule-Based Proton-Electron Mixed Conductor with the Highest Ambipolar Conductivity.

Proton-electron mixed conductors (PEMCs) are an essential component for potential applications in hydrogen separation and energy conversion devices. However, the exploration of PEMCs with excellent mixed conduction, which is quantified by the ambipolar conductivity, σ = σσ/(σ + σ) (σ: electronic conductivity; σ: proton conductivity), is still a great challenge, largely due to the lack of structural characterization of both conducting mechanisms. In this study, we prepared a molecule-based proton-electron mixed-conducting cation radical salt, (ET)[Pt(pop)(Hpop)]·PhCN (ET: bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene, pop: PHO), by electrocrystallization.

Plastome data provides new insights into population differentiation and evolution of Ginkgo in the Sichuan Basin of China.

Background: Ginkgo biloba L., an iconic living fossil, challenges traditional views of evolutionary stasis. While nuclear genomic studies have revealed population structure across China, the evolutionary patterns reflected in maternally inherited plastomes remain unclear, particularly in the Sichuan Basin - a potential glacial refugium that may have played a crucial role in Ginkgo's persistence.

Sleep features and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the associations between multidimensional sleep features and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We conducted a systematic search across the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for observational studies examining the association between nighttime sleep duration, nighttime sleep quality, sleep chronotype, and daytime napping with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), up to October 1, 2024. If < 50%, a combined analysis was performed based on a fixed-effects model, and vice versa, using a random-effects model.

Phased chromosome-level genome provides insights into the molecular adaptation for migratory lifestyle and population diversity for Pacific saury, Cololabis saira.

The Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) is a pelagic fish commonly found in the North Pacific Ocean. Its population diversity and migratory lifestyle have long captured global attention. Despite the inherent complexity of the C.

Structural variation in the pangenome of wild and domesticated barley.

Pangenomes are collections of annotated genome sequences of multiple individuals of a species. The structural variants uncovered by these datasets are a major asset to genetic analysis in crop plants. Here we report a pangenome of barley comprising long-read sequence assemblies of 76 wild and domesticated genomes and short-read sequence data of 1,315 genotypes.

Inhibition of the ITGB1 gene attenuates crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis via epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.

Silicosis is a systemic disease caused by long-term exposure to high concentrations of free silica dust particles in the workplace. It is characterized by a persistent inflammatory response, fibroblast proliferation, and excessive collagen deposition, leading to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT) can cause epithelial cells to lose their tight junctions, cell polarity, and epithelial properties, thereby enhancing the properties of interstitial cells, which can lead to the progression of fibrosis and the formation of scar tissue.

Echistatin/BYL-719 impedes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica through modulation of the Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K signaling pathway.

Silicosis is a chronic fibroproliferative lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of crystalline silica dust, characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Currently, there are no effective treatments available. Recent research suggests that the Integrin β1/ILK/PI3K signaling pathway may be associated with the pathogenesis of silicosis fibrosis.