Osteoblast ferroptosis driven by iron overload: Implications for osteoporosis pathogenesis and FTH1/GPX4-targeted therapy.

Background: Fractures resulting from osteoporosis are a leading cause of mortality and disability among the elderly. Ferroptosis is an emerging form of programmed cell death that occurs due to unregulated iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Exploring the role and mechanism of ferroptosis of osteoblasts in the development of osteoporosis is of vital importance for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Systematic Characterization of In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolic Pathways and Identification of Novel Biomarkers of 26 Synthetic Cannabinoids.

In recent years, the harms and abuse of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) have attracted extensive attention in society. Their structures have been updated rapidly, which brings great challenges for continuous detection and drug identification. The aim of this study was to elucidate the metabolites of 26 kinds of abused SCs produced in human liver microsomes (HLMs) and rats and to explore the metabolism of indole amides, indazole amides, azaindoles, naphthyl indoles, cyclopropylindoles, naphthyl benzimidazole, and naphthyl pyrrole SCs in vivo and in vitro.

Comprehensive analysis of Mendelian randomization and scRNA-seq identify key prognostic genes and relevant functional roles in colorectal cancer.

The prognosis of advanced CRC is poor, and identifying key genes related to CRC is vital for improving CRC prognosis. Our research used univariate Cox analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify key prognostic genes in CRC. Multiple datasets such as the nomogram model and single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) were used to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms of the key genes.

Pressure-driven microinjection (PMI) of porous-coated balloon for ultrafast endoluminal drug delivery across biological barriers.

Biological barriers play a crucial role in safeguarding the human body against pathogens yet pose severe challenges to efficient delivery of therapeutic drugs. Here, we introduce a pressure-driven microinjection (PMI) strategy for the robust and versatile delivery of functional species against biological barriers. With the benefits of elastic porous coating, this strategy enables the capillary suction of drug solutions, localized delivery, and ultrafast penetration through biological barriers by gentle pressure treatment.

WMRCA + : a weighted majority rule-based clustering method for cancer subtype prediction using metabolic gene sets.

Accurate classification of cancer subtypes plays a pivotal role in advancing precision medicine. In this study, we introduce WMRCA + , a novel clustering approach based on a weighted majority rule that integrates multi-omics data and incorporates metabolic gene sets to robustly determine the optimal number of clusters for tumor subtype identification. WMRCA + evaluates clustering performance using ten internal metrics and offers comprehensive functionalities for data preprocessing and visualization.

Bulk Amorphous Carbon with Lightweight, High Strength, and Electrical Conductivity: Onion-Like Carbon Structures Embedded in Disordered Graphene Networks.

Amorphous carbon exhibits superior performance over its crystalline counterparts due to its unique structural configuration characterized by short-to-medium-range ordered and long-range disordered structure, which fundamentally expands its potential applications in advanced technological fields. The exploration and preparation of novel bulk amorphous carbon materials through innovative synthesis approaches remain crucial in materials research. Here, we successfully synthesized bulk amorphous carbons composed of onion-like carbon structures embedded in disordered graphene networks prepared via spark plasma sintering of carbon black at a pressure of 50 MPa and temperatures ranging from 1700 to 2200 °C.

Acetylation profiling by Iseq-Kac reveals insights into HSC aging and lineage decision.

Profiling post-translational modifications face challenges with low-input samples. We developed Iseq-Kac (internal standard-assisted enrichment-free approach for high-throughput quantitative analysis of lysine acetylation) to profile the acetylome in as few as 10-10 cells. By using a hyperacetylated internal standard, Iseq-Kac can be used in mass spectrometry (MS) to enhance MS1 signals and facilitate MS2 fragmentation of acetylated peptides.

Seasonal Variation in the Diversity of the Gut Microbiota of Short-Faced Moles Reveals the Associations of Climatic Factors on the Gut Microbiota of Subterranean Mammals.

The composition of animal gut microbiota is significantly affected by a variety of factors. Seasonal variation in environmental factors is believed to have a significant impact on the composition of mammalian gut microbiota. Therefore, studying the seasonal differences in gut microbiota diversity in wildlife is of great importance to explore their ecological adaptability.

Cancer type and survival prediction based on transcriptomic feature map.

This study achieved cancer type and survival time prediction by transforming transcriptomic features into feature maps and employing deep learning models. Using transcriptomic data from 27 cancer types and survival data from 10 types in the TCGA database, a pan-cancer transcriptomic feature map was constructed through data cleaning, feature extraction, and visualization. Using Inception network and gated convolutional modules yielded a pan-cancer classification accuracy of 91.

Construction of manganese ferrite/zinc ferrite anchored graphene-based hierarchical aerogel photocatalysts following Z-scheme electron transfer for visible-light-driven carbon dioxide reduction.

Herein, atomic-level interfacial coupling between spinel-type MnFeO (MFA) and ZnFeO (ZFA) was achieved via a sol-gel method combined with phase separation. These composites were then anchored onto a three-dimensional graphene aerogel (GA) through ethylenediamine-assisted hydrothermal self-assembly, forming a hierarchically porous MFA/ZFA@GA with a high surface area (191.06 m/g).

Evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 on hepatitis B in Henan Province and its epidemic trend based on Bayesian structured time series model.

Background: There may be evidence that COVID-19 affects illness patterns. This study aimed to assess the effects of COVID-19 epidemic on the declines in hepatitis B (HB) case notifications and to estimate the epidemiological trends of HB in Henan.

Methods: The Bayesian structured time series (BSTS) method was used to investigate the causal effect of COVID-19 on the decline in HB cases based on the monthly incidence of HB from January 2013 to September 2022.

Clinical Characteristics of SARS-COV-2 Omicron Variant in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: The death rate of hematological malignancies is high, and the death rate of patients with COVID-19 infection is further increased. Although there have been expert consensus and relevant guidelines to introduce the recommendations of the guidelines for patients with hematological malignancies complicated with COVID-19 infection, there is limited understanding of the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with acute leukemia complicated with COVID-19 infection.

Aims: This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations, mortality, and determinants of viral shedding duration in Chinese AL patients infected with COVID-19.

Casing deformation mechanisms of horizontal wells in seismically active zones: a comprehensive analysis.

The Sichuan basin's shale gas fields demonstrate elevated seismic activity, which poses a significant challenge in the development of shale gas. Besides, casing deformation emerges as a prominent concern, leading to substantial disruptions in shale gas production operations. In order to address the issue of casing deformation in seismically active areas, an analysis was conducted on the seismicity and casing deformation.

Biological roles and molecular mechanism of circular RNAs in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are formed by splicing of precursor RNAs and covalently linked at the 5' and 3' ends. Dysregulated circRNAs are closely related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastrointestinal malignancies. CircRNAs, including circRNA_0008717, circGOT1, circ-DOCK5, circVPS33B, circPVT1, circMET, circ-OXCT1, circ_67835, circRTN4, circ_0087502, circFNDC38, circ_PTEN1, circPGPEP1, and circ-E-Cad are involved in the EMT process of gastrointestinal malignancies through a variety of mechanisms, such as regulating EMT-inducing transcription factors, signaling pathways, and tumor microenvironments.

A 3D-printed high-hardness die steel microchip GC column: 3-meter long, low-cost, and exhibiting superior separation performance.

In this work, a 3D-printed metal column engineered specifically for micro gas chromatography applications was developed, and an in-depth characterization of its performance and gas separation capabilities were conducted. A microchip gas chromatography column, with dimensions 7.0 × 7.

Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Identifies Neutrophil-Related Molecular Subtypes and Their Clinical Significance in Gastric Cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Due to the substantial heterogeneity of GC, more accurate molecular typing systems are desperately required to enhance the prognosis of GC patients.

Methods: The major immune cell subclusters in GC were identified by a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset.

[Application of optogenetic technology in the research on olfactory bulb neural projection from advanced brain regions to regulate olfactory signal processing].

Olfactory bulb is a critical component in encoding and processing olfactory signals, characterized by its intricate neural projections and networks dedicated to this function. It has been found that descending neural projections from the olfactory cortex and other advanced brain regions can modulate the excitability of olfactory bulb output neurons in the olfactory bulb, either directly or indirectly, which can further influence olfactory discrimination, learning, and other abilities. In recent years, advancements in optogenetic technology have facilitated extensive application of neuron manipulation for studying neural circuits, thereby greatly accelerating research into olfactory mechanisms.

Bioequivalence of ANDA Data using a Non-Informative Bayesian Procedure (BEST) Compared with the Two One‑Sided t‑Tests (TOST).

The regulatory statistical standard for evaluating average bioequivalence (BE) in generic drug testing, formulation bridging, and 505b2 drug comparisons has traditionally employed the two one-sided t-tests (TOST) procedure. A comparison of BE determinations of TOST and a t-distribution-based, non-informative Bayesian procedure (Bayes) was conducted on 2341 pharmacokinetic parameter datasets in 678 anonymized abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) to assess the influence of deviations from lognormality and the presence of extreme values. This research has been motivated to assess reliability of statistical inference procedures for accurate and fair regulatory assessments of BE and non-BE (NBE).

COX Regression Analysis and Mortality Risk Prediction Model of 85 Adult Patients with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a rare, rapidly progressive and highly lethal disease. This retrospective cohort study aims to analyze the factors influencing the mortality risk in adult patients with sHLH, which are instrumental to improving our understanding of the high mortality risks associated with sHLH. This study included 85 patients diagnosed with sHLH who were admitted and treated in the Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital between April 2015 and July 2023.

Computer-assisted enzyme cocktails enhance fermentation by overcoming toxic inhibitors from pretreatment processes.

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant form of biomass available for fuel production, serving as the fourth leading energy source globally. However, inhibitors generated during pretreatment processes often hinder fermentation performance and conversion efficiency. In this study, we developed an enhanced computer-assisted enzyme cocktail strategy (ComEC 2.

New insights in the low-temperature-dependent formation of amorphous titania-coated magnetic polydopamine nanocomposites for the adsorption of methylene blue.

Removal of accumulated dyes from the environment water bodies is essential to prevent further harm to humans. The development and design of new alternative nanoadsorbents that can conveniently, quickly, and efficiently improve the adsorption and removal efficiency of dyes from wastewater remains a huge challenge. An amorphous TiO with a magnetic core-shell-shell structure (FeO@PDA@a-TiO, denoted as FPaT) was constructed through a series of steps.

Low-input redoxomics facilitates global identification of metabolic regulators of oxidative stress in the gut.

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in organ aging and related diseases, yet the endogenous regulators involved remain largely unknown. This work highlights the importance of metabolic homeostasis in protecting against oxidative stress in the large intestine. By developing a low-input and user-friendly pipeline for the simultaneous profiling of five distinct cysteine (Cys) states, including free SH, total Cys oxidation (Sto), sulfenic acid (SOH), S-nitrosylation (SNO), and S-glutathionylation (SSG), we shed light on Cys redox modification stoichiometries and signaling with regional resolution in the aging gut of monkeys.

SGK1 mediates herpes simplex keratitis via the PI3K/SGK1/ Wnt signaling pathways.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common virus infecting the ocular tissue. It infects eye tissues, such as the eyelid, cornea, and conjunctiva. Corneal HSV-1 infection causes herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), which can induce vision loss.