Metabolite composition and taste quality of Eriocheir sinensis under different steaming methods.

This study investigated the impact of cold water with increasing temperature (CI) and boiling water with constant temperature (BC) steaming on the metabolites and taste of Eriocheir sinensis. Sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis indicated that CI group enhanced ovaries umami, whereas BC group increased muscle umami (p < 0.05).

Programmed cell death-driven remodeling of the melanoma microenvironment enables prognostic stratification and therapeutic prediction.

Background And Objective: Melanoma exhibits profound biological complexity, driven by immune evasion, phenotypic plasticity, and resistance to therapy. While programmed cell death (PCD) shapes tumor-immune interactions, its mechanistic landscape in melanoma remains incompletely defined. This study aims to comprehensively characterize PCD-related signatures and their associations with tumor heterogeneity, prognosis, and immunotherapeutic outcomes.

Macrophage Nogo-B drives liver fibrosis.

Background & Aims: Liver fibrosis is characterized by sustained injury stress, chronic inflammation, and repeated cell death and repair, all of which promote the progression of end-stage liver diseases (e.g., liver cirrhosis and carcinoma).

Rapid and sustained response to tofacitinib in a patient with anal pyoderma gangrenosum under immunosuppression and bone marrow suppression.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor tofacitinib in the management of refractory perianal pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) under conditions of baseline immunosuppression and bone marrow suppression.

Methods: We present a 62-year-old male with a 4-month history of painful, progressive symmetrical perianal ulcerations diagnosed as PG, coexisting with condyloma acuminatum. The patient had a background of pure red cell aplasia and myasthenia gravis, and was undergoing chronic immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone and tacrolimus.

Lactylation in Cancer: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Since its discovery in 2019, lactylation has emerged as a critical posttranslational modification with significant implications for cancer biology. Lactylation involves lactyltransferase-mediated addition of lactate to lysine residues on both histone and nonhistone proteins. In this study, we summarize key advances in research on lactylation and cancer.

The Effect of Defect Size and Location in Roller Bearing Fault Detection: Experimental Insights for Vibration-Based Diagnosis.

In rotating machines, any faults in anti-friction bearings occurring during operation can lead to failures that are unacceptable due to considerable downtime losses and maintenance costs. Hence, early fault detection is essential, and different vibration-based methods (VBMs) are explored to recognise incipient fault signatures. Based on rotordynamics, if a bearing defect causes metal-to-metal (MtM) impacts during shaft rotation, the impacts excite high-frequency resonance responses of the bearing assembly.

Silver-Catalyzed Unusual Cyclization and Skeletal Rearrangement to Selectively Synthesize 2D Benzo[]fluorenones and 3D Barbaralone Rings.

A silver-catalyzed strategy that divergently constructs either planar benzo[]fluorenones or three-dimensional barbaralones from common alkynol precursors, governed solely by ligand and silver salt, is reported. This protocol enables rapid molecular complexity enhancement (up to a 91% yield). In addition, mechanistic studies suggest that the alkalinity of silver salt is the key point to distinguish the two types of reaction and binuclear silver complexes would be more likely to be a transition state rather than the radical species.

The utilization of non-human primates in the investigation of autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors, presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its multifactorial etiology, clinical heterogeneity, and frequent comorbidities. To address these complexities, animal models have become indispensable tools for unraveling ASD pathogenesis and evaluating potential interventions. This review synthesizes recent advances across three pivotal research domains-neuroimaging biomarkers, metabolic dysregulation, and etiological mechanisms-while providing a critical evaluation of animal models, including rodent and non-human primate (NHP) paradigms developed through pharmacological induction, spontaneous mutations, and CRISPR-based gene editing.

Pan-cancer analysis reveals SGO1 as a potential cancer prognostic and immunological biomarker.

Shugoshin 1 (SGO1) is primarily known for its critical functions in chromosome segregation during cell division, protecting cohesin complexes and ensuring accurate mitotic processes. Previous studies have reported SGO1's regulatory roles in isolated cancer types, but its pan-cancer significance and underlying mechanisms remain undefined. This study systematically investigates SGO1 in 33 cancer types, integrating multi-omics analyses and functional validation to reveal its role as a pan-cancer biomarker and therapeutic target.

EGFR: New Insights on Its Activation and Mutation in Tumor and Tumor Immunotherapy.

The success of immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) has accelerated the clinical implementation of multiple single agents and combination immunotherapies, but the response rates vary. Reconsideration of immune-oncology therapeutic failures via perspective from tumor-intrinsic (such as oncogenic driver genes) and tumor-extrinsic (the complexity of immune cell-cancer cell interactions) may help to better design more effective anticancer drugs and treatment strategies. Herein, in this review, introducing the frequently mutated gene EGFR in tumors and its abnormal activation are mainly focused on, highlighting that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type and mutants respond differently to ICBs via tumor-intrinsic and tumor-extrinsic manners.

The cAMP-PKA signaling initiates mitosis by phosphorylating Bora.

Timely entry into mitosis requires activation of Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) by Aurora kinase A (Aurora A), but the upstream signaling trigger remains unclear. Here, we show that cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling serves as a critical initiator of mitosis in mammalian cells. Specifically, the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylates Bora, enabling it to bind Aurora A and recruit it to the Bora-Plk1 complex during G2 phase, thereby facilitating Aurora A-dependent activation of Plk1.

The Modified Single-working Portal Technique Using Lasso-loop Stitch with Needle for Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair.

Traditional shoulder arthroscopy typically requires both anterior and posterior portals. However, in the traditional anterior portal, simultaneous operation of the suture device and the gripper is not possible, necessitating an additional anterolateral portal for anchor insertion and suture delivery, which poses technical challenges for novice surgeons. Additionally, the ulnar side of the conventional rotator cuff suture hook is large, and it frequently causes iatrogenic damage to rotator cuff tissues.

Molecular immune responses of male locusts Locusta migratoria to an Aspergillus oryzae XJ1 infection.

Background: Many fungal pathogens infect and kill host insects successfully through the suppression of host immune systems, making them potential biological control agents. Aspergillus oryzae is a new fungal pathogen of locust Locusta migratoria, which is an important insect pest worldwide; consequently, information on the molecular mechanisms that it uses to suppress the host's immune system is limited. Here, transcriptomic analyses of male locusts during an A.

Non-targeted and suspect screening analysis of non-phthalate ester plasticizers in house and car dust.

Following restrictions on the use of phthalate esters (PAEs), the industry has increasingly manufactured non-PAE plasticizers (NPPs) to meet the continuous demand for plastic products. However, the environmental occurrence of NPP diversity remains insufficiently investigated. This study established a suspect and category-specific characteristic fragment-dependent non-targeted screening strategy based on liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to identify 14 categories of emerging NPPs in house and car dust.

Utilizing Waste Heat to Drive Selective Green Organic Conversion through a Thermoelectrocatalytic Process.

Utilizing waste heat from environmental or industrial sources is a promising strategy for eco-friendly and sustainable chemical synthesis. Here, a pioneering thermoelectrocatalytic (TECatal) system that can harness minimal heat diffusion for selective organic conversions is demonstrated. The proof-of-concept demonstrates a TECatal nanohybrid consisting of a thermoelectric (TE) BiTe nanoflake core with a Fe-doped UiO-66 metal-organic framework shell (BiTe/Fe-UiO-66).

Metagenomics-based analysis of microbial community dynamics and flavor compound correlations during rice-flavor Baijiu brewing.

This study aimed to explore the microbial contribution to flavor compound production by analysing the succession patterns and metabolic functional characteristics of microbial communities during preparation, saccharification, and fermentation processes of rice-flavor Baijiu (RFB). The physicochemical parameters during RFB fermentation were systematically monitored, and the volatile flavor profile was characterized using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Concurrently, metagenomic sequencing was employed to elucidate the microbial community structure and its temporal dynamics throughout the fermentation process.

Plasma FSTL-1 as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for patients with advanced liver fibrosis.

Background And Aims: Reliable novel noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis are urgently needed in clinical practice. We aimed to investigate the accuracy of plasma Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL-1) in the diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis in chronic liver diseases.

Approach And Results: We collected cross-sectional clinical data for a derivation cohort (n = 86) and a validation cohort (n = 431), totaling 517 subjects with liver biopsy.

An artificial intelligence model integrating culprit lesion diagnosis and risk assessment for acute coronary syndrome.

Background: An integrated machine learning (ML) approach capable of both diagnosing acute coronary syndrome (ACS, encompassing myocardial infarction and unstable angina) and predicting future ACS risk within defined optimal timeframes remains an unmet need in cardiovascular risk stratification.

Methods: We conducted a multicentre cohort study in China between January 2012 and December 2021. The derivation cohort (cohort 1+ cohort 2), consisting of a training, validation, and independent external test set, retrospectively included 1854 patients from four hospitals who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and received a definitive diagnosis of ACS or chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) within 7 days.

A Mechanically Matched Hydrogel Incorporated with Biomimetic Mineralized Liposome for Synergistic Nucleus Pulposus Repairment.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is recognized as a major cause of back pain, yet the underlying mechanism of degeneration remains unclear. Although hydrogels have been explored to replace the nucleus pulposus (NP) to delay IVDD, mechanical incompatibility may exacerbate the degeneration. Moreover, a single mechanical support cannot effectively address the vicious cycle between damaged NP cells and the pathological microenvironment.

Substantial improvement of mechanical properties of Zn-Mg alloys to orthopedic implants via rotary swaging.

The limited strength of unalloyed zinc (Zn) hinders its use in bone repair, where materials must withstand substantial stress. Rotary swaging (RS) serves as a promising technique to enhance metal performance by modifying their internal microstructures. Herein, Zn-0.

Tumor-Immune Cell Interactions in Cancer Progression.

The tumor microenvironment is a complex ecosystem where immune cell components play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Aberrant immune responses within the tumor microenvironment are critical in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and prognosis, highlighting the urgent need to unravel tumor-immune interactions for improved therapies. This commentary reviews recent advancements in understanding tumor-immune interactions, focusing on both intrinsic factors, like cancer genetics and epigenetics, and extrinsic factors, such as metabolic reprogramming.

Alteration of BDNF and noradrenergic markers in locus coeruleus in a mouse model of cancer-induced bone pain.

The locus coeruleus (LC) is the principal source of noradrenaline (NA) in the central nervous system. In neuropathic pain states, nociceptive stimuli activate LC. This study examined the expression and localization of BDNF and NE neuron-specific proteins in the LC of mice with cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP).

Enhanced fluorescent antenna with a wide field of view using CsPbBr colloidal quantum dots.

Fluorescent antennas (FAs), integrated into the receivers of optical wireless communication (OWC) systems to absorb and convert incident optical signals, show great promise for future applications due to their wide field of view (FoV). In this paper, we fabricated a fluorescent antenna by doping poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) with cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr) perovskite quantum dots (QDs). We develop a novel approach that combines experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the antenna's communication performance comprehensively, with a particular focus on experimentally measuring and analyzing its wide FoV.

Coherent combination of mid-IR laser beams using a Sagnac-type interferometer.

We report a high-efficiency coherent beam combination (CBC) system operating in the mid-infrared (2.8 µm) spectral region, implemented using two fluoride fiber amplifiers with a configuration of Sagnac-type interferometer. The system exhibits good performance at both continuous-wave (CW) and picosecond-pulse operation conditions.