Association between sarcopenia and falls, fractures, hospital readmission, and all-cause mortality in older adults with endocrine disorders: a longitudinal study of aging in China.

Background: To explore whether older adults with sarcopenia are at greater risk for falls, fractures, hospital readmissions, and all-cause mortality compared to those without sarcopenia.

Methods: An elderly population discharged from June 2020 to January 2022 from the Department of Endocrinology of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital was collected. The cohort included patients with various endocrine disorders, primarily type 2 diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction (hypo- and hyperthyroidism), adrenal insufficiency, and metabolic syndrome.

The Toxin Gene Protects from Gastrointestinal Stress.

is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide, responsible for seafood-associated poisoning. Among its toxin genes, is the most critical. To investigate the role of in under gastrointestinal conditions, we constructed deletion and complementation strains and compared their survival under acid (pH 3 and 4) and bile stress (2%).

From hexafluoropropylene to perfluoroisobutyronitrile high-yield and scalable three-step synthesis.

To replace sulfur hexafluoride (SF), a potent greenhouse gas with high global warming potential (GWP) and long lifetime, perfluoroisobutyronitrile (CFN) has emerged as the next-generation insulating gas to advance the development of the power industry, especially gas-insulated equipment. However, most reported synthesis routes for perfluoroisobutyronitrile require expensive reagents or complex procedures and harsh reaction conditions, which are impractical for scalable production and cost reduction for real applications. Herein, we report a three-step synthetic process from perfluoropropylene to perfluoroisobutyronitrile, involving addition with carbonyl fluoride, nucleophilic substitution with ammonia and dehydration.

Association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and long-term mortality in community-dwelling adults with chest pain: Evidence from US NHANES 2001-2018.

Objective: The neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a readily available biomarker with prognostic significance across various disease conditions. However, its role in predicting mortality among community patients with chest pain remains underexplored. This study examined NPAR's association with long-term mortality in adults with chest pain using NHANES 2001-2018 data.

Biomonitoring, dietary predictors, drinking water ingestion of 33 endocrine disrupting chemicals in primary school children in China, towards an exposome approach.

Exposure to multiple endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may have some adverse impacts on child health; yet, little data is available on the body burdens, co-exposure patterns, health risks, and possible sources of a broad range of EDCs in school-age children. A total of 33 chemicals including 3 non-specific pyrethroid pesticide metabolites, 2 specific organophosphorus pesticide metabolites, 5 chlorophenols, 4 phenols, 5 parabens and 14 toxic and essential elements were quantified in urine. A 24-hour dietary recall survey was conducted to collect dietary information, and seven food categories were classified accordingly.

Adaptive normalizing flows for solving Fokker-Planck equation.

The Fokker-Planck (FP) equation governs the probabilistic response of diffusion processes driven by stochastic differential equations (SDEs). Gaussian mixture models and deep learning solvers are two state-of-the-art methods for solving the FP equation. Although mixture models mostly depend on empirical sampling strategies and predefined Gaussian components, deep learning techniques suffer from inherent interpretability deficits and require excessively large training samples.

Single-cell sequencing-based study of ferroptosis mechanisms in heat stroke: identification of key biomarkers and dynamic analysis of the immune microenvironment.

Background: Heat stroke, caused by excessive heat production or impaired dissipation, often results from prolonged heat exposure or strenuous activity. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, has been implicated in its pathogenesis, though its mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: This study investigates the molecular mechanisms linking heat stroke and ferroptosis using single-cell and transcriptomic analyses to identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Effect of microencapsulation using peanut protein concentrate combined with resistant starch and β-cyclodextrin on the viability of Heal 19 during storage and in vitro digestion.

In this study, resistant starch and β-cyclodextrin were added to peanut protein concentrate to create probiotic microcapsules that protect the viability of Heal 19 during digestion and storage. The survival rate of probiotics after adding polysaccharides was 5.31-6.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Glycyrrhiza protein in an acute inflammatory pain model: Insights from metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Licorice has been used as an herbal remedy in alternative medicinal systems, such as Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), for millennia. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, Glycyrrhiza protein (GP) relieves pain. Some studies have found that GP can be used as a drug delivery carrier, indirectly or directly promoting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

Ball-milling treated superfine powdered activated carbon triggers Mn(VII) activation for enhanced oxidation of organic contaminants.

Carbocatalysts have been recently investigated to enhance the decontamination performance of permanganate (Mn(VII)) in water remediation. This study interestingly found that superfine powdered activated carbon (SPAC), stemming from low-cost powdered activated carbon (PAC) via ball milling, significantly enhanced Mn(VII) oxidation of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs). In contrast, PAC exhibited little effect in Mn(VII) activation.

A smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetric detection of nitrite based on 2, 3-diaminonaphthalene and gold nanoclusters paper strip.

A smartphone-assisted fluorescent and colorimetric detection method for nitrite based on 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) paper strip was developed. DAN reacts with NO via a coupling reaction under acidic conditions to generate naphthotriazole (NAT), emitting strong blue fluorescence at 435 nm. The red fluorescence of AuNCs at 650 nm is quenched by the reduction of nitrite.

Astragaloside IV increases PDHA1 in mesenchymal stem cell exosomes to treat myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a threat to health, with high morbidity and mortality, posing a challenge to the public health system. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and potential targets of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) combined with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exo) in the treatment of AMI. The effect of AS-IV in treating AMI via MSC exosomes was evaluated by cardiac ultrasound to assess cardiac function, TTC staining to observe myocardial infarction area, TUNEL staining was used to analyze cell apoptosis, and ELISA to measure the IL-6 and TNF-α in myocardial tissue.

Cascade-Targeted Nanoparticles for Enhanced Gemcitabine Delivery and Adenosine Metabolism Modulation to Overcome Treatment Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer.

KRAS mutations are find in over 90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases, making PDAC exhibit intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy and reshape the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), disappointing the clinically preferred chemotherapy-immunotherapy combination. Standing on the cross point of therapeutic resistance, the aberrant adenosine metabolism contributes greatly to chemo- and immunotherapy tolerance. KRAS mutation-induced over-expression of key enzyme CD39 is believed to be involved in shaping the immunosuppressive TME, as it catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP into immunosuppressive adenosine.

Positioning children in lithotomy with adjustable leg support.

Background: Pediatric lithotomy positioning requires adaptable solutions due to wide variations in patient size. We evaluated a novel adjustable leg support system combined with the TRIMANO arm for safety and efficiency.

Methods: 59 pediatric patients (age: 5 months-14 years) were positioned using the system.

Simultaneous detection of Cu and Cu using dual-functionalized glass micropipette sensors.

Copper ions (Cu and Cu) paly essential roles in physiological processes, and their imbalance is associated with disease progression. However, the simultaneous detection of both oxidation states remains challenging due to their similar physicochemical properties. Herein, we present a dual-functionalized glass micropipette sensor that independently detects Cu and Cu.

Association between systemic Immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index and adult osteoarthritis: national health and nutrition examination survey.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative and inflammatory joint disease caused by multiple factors, the underlying mechanisms of which are not fully understood. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) are both novel biomarkers and predictors of inflammation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between SII, SIRI and OA in adult.

Dynamic Tuning of Fabry-Pérot Resonances Based on Femtosecond Laser-Induced Structure-Property Integrated Regulation.

Structural colors based on micro/nano fabrication technologies can customize optical responses to generate colors, achieving optical camouflage. However, dynamic camouflage that provides a wide range of color switching to match changing environments remains a daunting challenge. Here, we propose a structure-property integrated regulation method of dual-wavelength fs laser switching output, further regulate the F-P resonance, and eventually achieve wide-range and reversible color tuning.

Surgery combined endoscopic stricturotomy for deep small bowel strictures from Crohn' disease: a prospective, single-center cohort study of a novel approach.

Background And Aims: A common complication which can influence the prognosis of Crohn's disease (CD) is multi-segmental strictures, and there are limitations to using either surgical or endoscopic treatment alone. We aimed to treat multi-segmental strictures in CD using combination of surgery and endoscopic therapy and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of conventional surgery combined with endoscopic stricturotomy for the treatment of deep small bowel multi-segmental fibrotic strictures.

Methods: 21 patients with CD who underwent conventional surgery combined with endoscopic stricturotomy between January 2020 and December 2023 were included.

Yoda1-Loaded Microfibrous Scaffolds Accelerate Osteogenesis through Piezo1-F-Actin Pathway-Mediated YAP Nuclear Localization and Functionalization.

Yoda1 has been recognized as an effective pharmacological intervention for the treatment of critical bone defects. However, the local delivery strategy of Yoda1 is uncommon, and the underlying mechanism through which Yoda1 enhances osteogenesis has been poorly investigated. Here, we propose utilizing electrohydrodynamic (EHD)-printed microfibrous scaffolds as a drug carrier for loading Yoda1 through a polydopamine (PDA) coating, and the synthetic mechanisms for enhancing bone regeneration are explored.

AI-Assisted Glucocorticoid Treatment Response Prediction of Active Ulcerative Active Patients.

Background: Glucocorticoids are recommended for the induction and remission phase of ulcerative colitis (UC). Early identification of glucocorticoid therapy response contributes to more precise treatment management. We aim to use deep learning model to predict glucocorticoid response prognosis in active UC.

Sunflower seed protein: defatting, structural characterization and property analysis.

The preparation method and protein purity are crucial factors influencing the use of sunflower seed proteins in the food industry. In this study, sunflower seed press cake was defatted using subcritical butane, isopropyl alcohol and n-hexane, producing meal protein, protein concentrate, and protein isolate. A systematic analysis of the structural and functional properties of these proteins revealed that the subcritical butane and isopropyl alcohol extracted protein yield and color, protein structure was relatively loose, denaturation temperature was higher, the prepared sunflower seed protein solubility and other functional properties were better than traditional hexane extraction.

Interpretable Machine Learning for Predicting Anterior Uveitis in Axial Spondyloarthritis.

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints, with anterior uveitis (AU) as a common extra-articular manifestation. Predicting AU onset in axSpA patients is challenging, as traditional statistical methods often fail to capture the disease's complexity.

Methods: This study aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model to predict AU onset in axSpA patients through a historical cohort analysis of 1508 patients from a tertiary medical center.

Pulmonary echinococcosis mimicking tuberculosis in a child from a dual-endemic region: a case report.

Background: Pulmonary echinococcosis represents a significant health challenge, particularly in endemic regions, and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Its nonspecific clinical presentation and radiological diversity often lead to misdiagnosis. Here, we report a case of pulmonary echinococcosis initially misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis.

Comparative Effectiveness of Infliximab vs Ustekinumab for Endoscopic and Transmural Remission in Biologic Naïve Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: Active-comparator studies are important to clinical decision-making. We compared the effectiveness of infliximab vs ustekinumab for endoscopic and transmural remission in biologic-naïve Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: This was a prospective real-world cohort study that included biologic-naïve patients with CD initiating infliximab or ustekinumab therapy.