Autophagy controls the hippocampal postsynaptic organization and affects cognition in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome.

Dysregulated spine morphology is a common feature in pathology of many neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Overabundant immature dendritic spines in the hippocampus are causally related to cognitive deficits of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of heritable intellectual disability. Recent findings from us and others indicate autophagy plays important roles in synaptic stability and morphology, and autophagy is downregulated in FXS neurons.

Rapid and Robust Generation of Homozygous Fluorescent Reporter Knock-In Cell Pools by CRISPR-Cas9.

Conventional methods for generating knock-out or knock-in mammalian cell models using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing often require tedious single-cell clone selection and expansion. In this study, we develop and optimise rapid and robust strategies to engineer homozygous fluorescent reporter knock-in cell pools with precise genome editing, circumventing clonal variability inherent to traditional approaches. To reduce false-positive cells associated with random integration, we optimise the design of donor DNA by removing the start codon of the fluorescent reporter and incorporating a self-cleaving T2A peptide system.

Characterization and efficacy of α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from enzymatically hydrolyzed Peanut meal.

Natural substances with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity have emerged as promising agents for the effective treatment of diabetes. In this study, peanut meal (PM) was enzymatically hydrolyzed using three proteases and fractionated by ultrafiltration. Among the resulting fractions, peanut peptide (PEP) in the 3 kDa-500 Da range demonstrated superior α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (69.

Public Medical Appeals and Government Online Responses: Big Data Analysis Based on Chinese Digital Governance Platforms.

Background: In the era of internet-based governance, online public appeals-particularly those related to health care-have emerged as a crucial channel through which citizens articulate their needs and concerns.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the thematic structure, emotional tone, and underlying logic of governmental responses related to public medical appeals in China.

Methods: We collected messages posted on the "Message Board for Leaders" hosted by People's Daily Online between January 2022 and November 2023 to identify valid medical appeals for analysis.

Effect of microencapsulation using peanut protein concentrate combined with resistant starch and β-cyclodextrin on the viability of Heal 19 during storage and in vitro digestion.

In this study, resistant starch and β-cyclodextrin were added to peanut protein concentrate to create probiotic microcapsules that protect the viability of Heal 19 during digestion and storage. The survival rate of probiotics after adding polysaccharides was 5.31-6.

Design, synthesis and antifungal evaluation of perillaldehyde derivatives as potential laccase inhibitors.

The development of novel fungicides has still been a hot topic in the field of pesticide research. In this study, three series of new perillaldehyde hydrazide, amide and acylthiourea derivatives (3a-3n, 4a-4f, and 6a-6f) were designed and synthesized. The in vitro antifungal activity of the title compounds against seven plant pathogens was evaluated.

The association between high atherogenic index of plasma and impaired lung function: a population-based study.

Objective: Although AIP is a recognized cardiovascular risk marker, its association with pulmonary function and sex-specific differences remains unclear. This study investigated whether elevated AIP is independently associated with reduced lung function and examined potential sex-specific patterns.

Methods: Data from 4,565 participants in the NHANES 2007-2012 dataset were analyzed using a cross-sectional design.

Recent advances in the three-component synthesis of difluorinated compounds.

The three-component reaction offers a convenient method for synthesizing difluorinated compounds. In this review, we classify and discuss synthetic methodologies developed over the past decade (2014-2024) into three categories: (a) radical reactions, (b) difluorocarbene-mediated fluorination, and (c) other reaction types, including those using nucleophilic and electrophilic fluorine reagents. Various reagents such as AgF, pyridine·9HF, Selectfluor II, TMSCF, TMSCFBr, TMSCFPO(OEt), RCF, (CFCO)O, ClCFH, ClCFCONa, CFHSONa, [PhPCFH]Br, ClCFCl, BrCFR, ICFCOAr, and BrCFCOEt will be discussed.

Collectin-11(CcCL-11) with broad microbe binding and agglutination activities participates in antibacterial innate immunity of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus).

Collectin-11 (CL-11) is a multifunctional lectin that binds carbohydrates on pathogens and inhibits infection through direct neutralization, agglutination, opsonization and killing pathogens, playing an important role in innate immunity. In the present study, a homolog of collectin-11 (CL-11), designated as CcCL-11, was identified and functionally characterized from Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). Its expression profile and agglutination activity were systematically analyzed.

Emerging epidemic of the predominant clusters of FC428-like Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangdong, China.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of predominant epidemic clusters of FC428-like N. gonorrhoeae in Guangdong, China in 2022.

Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for N.

Barrier-Free Carrier Injection in 2D WSe-MoSe Heterostructures via Fermi-Level Depinning.

Fermi-level pinning (FLP) at metal-semiconductor interfaces remains a key obstacle to achieving low-resistance contacts in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)-based heterostructures. Here, we present a first-principles study of Schottky barrier formation in WSe-MoSe van der Waals heterostructures interfaced with four representative metals (Ag, Al, Au, and Pt). It was found that all metal-WSe/MoSe direct contacts induce pronounced metal-induced gap states (MIGSs), leading to significant FLP inside the WSe/MoSe band gaps and elevated Schottky barrier heights (SBHs) greater than 0.

Luteolin reduces necroptosis in the diabetic heart after cardiac arrest and resuscitation by activating sirtuin 3.

Backgrounds: Myocardial impairment resulting from cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) contributes to the elevated mortality in diabetes. Luteolin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound abundant in vegetables, fruits, and nuts, has been shown to mitigate myocardial I/R injury in diabetes by suppressing oxidative stress. However, whether luteolin confers cardioprotection following cardiac arrest (CA) and CPR in diabetes remains unclear.

Bismuth-Doped AgTe Colloidal Quantum Dots for High-Performance Shortwave-Infrared Photodetectors.

Recently, silver telluride (AgTe) colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have garnered significant attention in short-wave-infrared (SWIR) photodetection owing to their strong SWIR responsivity and environmental benignity. However, the SWIR AgTe QDs often suffer from their high defect density, leading to an unsatisfactory utilization efficiency of the photogenerated charge carriers. To address this challenge, here, we have developed bismuth-doped AgTe (Bi:AgTe) QDs via a hot-injection doping method.

Mitochondrial-targeted iridium(III) complexes suppress tumor growth through inducting immunogenic cell death to activate immune response.

A new ligand, 2-(2-hydroxyl-4-methyl)phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (IPMP), and [Ir(ppy)(IPMP)]PF (7a), [Ir(bzq)(IPMP)]PF (7b), and [Ir(piq)(IPMP)]PF (7c) have been prepared and characterized by HRMS, NMR spectra. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays revealed that 7b exhibited excellent activity (IC = 4.5 ± 0.

Unifying Graph Contrastive Learning Via Graph Message Augmentation.

Graph contrastive learning is usually performed by first conducting Graph Data Augmentation (GDA) and then employing a contrastive learning pipeline to train GNNs. As we know that GDA is an important issue for graph contrastive learning. Various GDAs have been developed recently which mainly involve dropping or perturbing edges, nodes, node attributes and edge attributes.

The Role of the Subnucleus Reticularis Dorsalis (SRD) in Pain Modulation: A Literature Review.

The subnucleus reticularis dorsalis (SRD), also known as the dorsal reticular nucleus (DRt) or dorsal medullary reticular nucleus (MdD), which resides at the caudal end of the medulla, plays a pivotal role in regulating pain perception. Despite extensive research efforts to unravel its mechanisms, the operational intricacies of SRD remain poorly understood. Advances in experimental methodologies such as brain imaging and chemogenetics have facilitated deeper investigations into the involvement of SRD in various pain disorders.

Transforming aged care in China: insights from a TF-IDF-based data mining analysis of national policies (2018-2022).

Background: As China grapples with rapid demographic shifts due to an aging population, the urgency for innovative aged care policies has intensified.

Objective: This study addresses a significant research gap by employing a text mining approach based on the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method, quantitatively analyzing a broad array of policy documents from 2018 to 2022.

Methods: It identifies key trends and shifts, using core feature words to construct co-occurrence and heterogeneity matrices analyzed via multidimensional scaling techniques.

The CRM1-dependent NES motif in the matrix protein: another factor influencing Newcastle disease virus propagation and virulence.

As an important structural protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the M protein plays a crucial role in the assembly and budding of the virus. In previous reports, we confirmed the existence of a classical nuclear export signal (NES) sequence on the M protein (i.e.

New surgical approach for distal clavicle fractures: A case report.

Background: Clavicle fractures are a common type of fracture that often occurs after high-energy trauma. The treatment methods for clavicle fractures remain controversial. Both locking compression and hook plates are recommended.

Cyanobacterial dominance under CO(aq)-limited conditions increases ecological risks in karst reservoirs.

The frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms, especially in lakes and reservoirs, poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The availability of CO plays a critical role in shifting phytoplankton communities from diatom and green algae dominance to cyanobacterial dominance. The naturally high pH of surface water in karst regions, coupled with seasonal thermal stratification in reservoirs, leads to a more pronounced aqueous CO (CO(aq)) deficiency in surface water of karst reservoirs.

Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Species (Fagaceae) in South China.

: In South China, species dominate mixed evergreen broadleaf forests, forming symbiotic relationships with ectomycorrhizal fungi and serving as food resources for diverse fauna, including frugivorous birds and mammals. The limited understanding of chloroplast genomes in this genus restricts our insights into its species diversity. This study investigates the chloroplast genome (cp genome) sequences from seven species, aims to elucidate their structural variation, evolutionary relationships, and functional gene content to provide effective support for future genetic conservation and breeding efforts.

Separation and aggregation of extracellular vesicles by microfluidics.

Membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) are more than mere messengers; they are the carriers of intercellular communication, carrying biomolecules for regulatory processes. They have potential in biomarker discovery and disease diagnosis for clinical applications. However, the exploration and utilization of EVs are currently constrained by the existing processing methodologies.

Elevated 5-HTR7 deteriorates dysregulated megakaryocytopoiesis in immune thrombocytopenic purpura via up-regulating the PKA/Orai1/ERK1/2 pathway.

Dysregulated megakaryocytopoiesis contributes to reduced platelet counts in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), yet the mechanism remains elusive. Although 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 (5-HTR7) has been implicated in megakaryocyte (MK) biology, its pathogenic involvement in ITP is undefined. This study investigated the impact of 5-HTR7 on MK maturation in ITP using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Preparation and Applications of a Chemiluminescent Film Deposited on a Well Plate: Focusing on 96-Well Technology.

In this study, polydopamine (PDA) was employed for the first time as a coupling intermediate for the immobilization of a chemiluminescent (CL) film containing both the catalyst (zeolitic imidazolate framework-67, ZIF-67) and CL substance (-(4-aminobutyl)--ethylisoluminol, ABEI) in the wells of a 96-well plate. The prepared CL film showed good responses to HO, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 nM, as well as to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by employing a cascade enzymatic reaction, and it could be applied for the screening of AChE inhibitors.

circLRCH3-FUS interaction stabilizes IFI35 mRNA, inhibiting autophagy and aggravating podocyte pyroptosis in lupus nephritis.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) can severely compromise kidney function, with podocyte injury recognized as a key pathogenic event. This study aimed to elucidate the role of circular RNA circLRCH3 in LN and to clarify its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: The expression of circLRCH3 was evaluated in renal tissues and serum samples from LN patients, as well as in human podocyte cells (HPCs) treated with LN-derived immunoglobulin G (LN-IgG).