Lipid overload meets S-palmitoylation: a metabolic signalling nexus driving cardiovascular and heart disease.

S-palmitoylation has emerged as a critical integrator of lipid overload and cardiovascular dysfunction. Disordered lipid metabolism inundates endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages with triglyceriderich lipoproteins, oxidized LDL and saturated fatty acids, expanding the intracellular palmitoylCoA pool and perturbing redox balance. Protein Spalmitoylation, the reversible attachment of palmitate to cysteine residues, converts excess palmitoylCoA into broad alterations in signalling and membrane dynamics.

Childhood trauma and disordered eating behaviors in youth: examining individual types, cumulative numbers, and latent patterns.

Background: Although traumatic experiences in childhood have been recognized as contributors to disordered eating behaviors, critical gaps remain in our understanding. There is limited evidence on the individual, cumulative, and distinct patterns of childhood trauma associated with risky restrictive eating and binge/purging behaviors.

Methods: Individuals aged 12-25 years from Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, completed online questionnaires assessing childhood trauma, risky restrictive eating and binge/purging behaviors.

Diagnostic value of low-dose CT pulmonary angiography combined with iterative reconstruction in suspected pulmonary embolism.

Objective: Assessing the utility of low-dose computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) employing iterative reconstruction (IR) for the detection of pulmonary embolism (PE), we compared its image quality, and radiation exposure with standard-dose CTPA protocols.

Methods: Patients with suspected PE were prospectively and randomly allocated to either a low-dose CTPA with IR arm (study group, n = 80) or a standard-dose CTPA plus IR arm (control group, n = 80). The low-dose group used 70 kVp and automatic tube current modulation, while the standard-dose group used 120 kVp with conventional parameters.

Personalized 3D Vaccine Integrates Immunotherapy and Antiangiogenic Therapy to Prevent Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Recurrence.

The immune-suppressive microenvironment and extensive tumor angiogenesis are key contributors to the high recurrence and mortality rates of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To address these challenges, a personalized 3D-printed anti-tumor vaccine (3D-Vax-L) is developed that integrates whole tumor antigens from postoperative tissue lysates with the angiogenesis inhibitor, lenvatinib. This vaccine not only possesses inherent adjuvant properties but also mimics the functions of lymph nodes through its porous structure, facilitating the recruitment and maturation of immune cells.

Structure-Based Design of Potent and Selective MerTK Inhibitors by Modulating the Conformation of αC Helix.

Tumor-associated macrophages play an important role in cancer progression and immunosuppression, making their receptors promising therapeutic targets. MerTK, a TAM receptor, regulates macrophage efferocytosis and polarization, and its inhibition holds potential for tumor growth suppression and immune modulation. However, Tyro3, another TAM receptor, is involved in neurogenesis, highlighting the need to selectively target MerTK while avoiding Tyro3 inhibition to prevent neurotoxicity.

From single to multiple: the association of childhood trauma with frequent nightmares among youth.

Objective: Childhood trauma is a known risk factor for frequent nightmares in youth, but the effects of single and multiple traumas remain unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between single and multiple childhood traumas and frequent nightmares.

Methods: Youth aged 12-25 years completed online questionnaires on childhood trauma and nightmares.

Selective apoptosis of tumor-associated platelets boosts the anti-metastatic potency of PD-1 blockade therapy.

Despite the transformative impact of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) blockade therapy on metastatic/advanced solid tumor treatment, its efficacy is hindered by a limited response rate. Platelets play a pivotal role in tumor metastasis by shielding circulating tumor cells and secreting immunosuppressive factors. We here demonstrate that selectively inducing apoptosis in tumor-associated platelets (TAPs) using ABT-737-loaded nanoparticles (cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate containing peptide-modified ABT-737-loaded nanoparticles [cRGD-NP@A]) enhances the anti-metastatic efficacy of the anti-PD-1 antibody (aPD-1).

The value of dual-energy computed tomography angiography-based virtual monoenergetic imaging for evaluations after cerebral aneurysm clipping.

Purpose: This study aimed to research the optimal energy range of dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECTA)-based virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) for evaluations after cerebral aneurysm clipping.

Methods: Sixty patients who underwent DECTA after cerebral aneurysm clipping were analyzed retrospectively. Conventional computed tomography angiography (CTA) was compared with VMIs at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 keV.

Development of Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 2 for Targeting Acute Myeloid Leukemia: SAR, Structural Insights, and Biological Characterization.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase 2 (MTHFD2), a pivotal mitochondrial enzyme in one-carbon metabolism, is significantly upregulated in various cancers but minimally expressed in normal proliferating cells. In contrast, MTHFD1, which performs similar functions, is predominantly expressed in normal cells. Therefore, targeting MTHFD2 with selective inhibitors holds promise for a broader therapeutic window with reduced toxicity and fewer side effects.

Targeted Inhibition of Lymphovascular Invasion Formation with CREKA Peptide-Modified Silicasomes to Boost Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer.

Despite its significant clinical efficacy as a first-line treatment for advanced bladder cancer, cisplatin-based chemotherapy provides a limited benefit for patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI), which is characterized by the presence of tumor emboli within blood vessels and associated with enhanced cisplatin resistance and metastatic potential. Notably, platelets, a critical component of LVI, hinder the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to tumors and facilitate metastasis. Consequently, platelet function inhibition holds the potential to disrupt LVI formation, as well as augment the antitumor activity of cisplatin.

CT morphological features and histogram parameters to predict micropapillary or solid components in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: This study aimed to construct prediction models based on computerized tomography (CT) signs, histogram and morphology features for the diagnosis of micropapillary or solid (MIP/SOL) components of stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (LUAC) and to evaluate the models' performance.

Methods: This clinical retrospective study included image data of 376 patients with stage IA LUAC based on postoperative pathology, admitted to Putian First Hospital from January 2019 to June 2023. According to the presence of MIP/SOL components in postoperative pathology, patients were divided into MIP/SOL+ and MIP/SOL- groups.

Integrating predictive coding and a user-centric interface for enhanced auditing and quality in cancer registry data.

Data curation for a hospital-based cancer registry heavily relies on the labor-intensive manual abstraction process by cancer registrars to identify cancer-related information from free-text electronic health records. To streamline this process, a natural language processing system incorporating a hybrid of deep learning-based and rule-based approaches for identifying lung cancer registry-related concepts, along with a symbolic expert system that generates registry coding based on weighted rules, was developed. The system is integrated with the hospital information system at a medical center to provide cancer registrars with a patient journey visualization platform.

Associations of evening-type and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among youths.

Background: Evening-type and insomnia symptoms are significantly related to each other and independently associated with depressive symptoms, yet few studies have examined the potential interaction between these two conditions. Therefore, we aimed to examine the associations of evening-type and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among Chinese youths, with a specific focus on the joint effects of the two conditions on depressive symptoms.

Methods: Participants aged between 12 and 25 were invited to participate in an online survey from December 15, 2022, to May 26, 2023.

The dynamic role of platelets in cancer progression and their therapeutic implications.

Systemic antiplatelet treatment represents a promising option to improve the therapeutic outcomes and therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy due to the critical contribution of platelets to tumour progression. However, until recently, targeting platelets as a cancer therapeutic has been hampered by the elevated risk of haemorrhagic and thrombocytopenic (low platelet count) complications owing to the lack of specificity for tumour-associated platelets. Recent work has advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the contribution of platelets to tumour progression and metastasis.

[Risk factors for neonatal asphyxia and establishment of a nomogram model for predicting neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia.

Nanoparticle-Based Combination Therapy Enhances Fulvestrant Efficacy and Overcomes Tumor Resistance in ER-Positive Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: Nanoparticles (NP) spanning diverse materials and properties have the potential to encapsulate and to protect a wide range of therapeutic cargos to increase bioavailability, to prevent undesired degradation, and to mitigate toxicity. Fulvestrant, a selective estrogen receptor degrader, is commonly used for treating patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, but its broad and continual application is limited by poor solubility, invasive muscle administration, and drug resistance. Here, we developed an active targeting motif-modified, intravenously injectable, hydrophilic NP that encapsulates fulvestrant to facilitate its delivery via the bloodstream to tumors, improving bioavailability and systemic tolerability.

Effect of birth asphyxia on neonatal blood glucose during the early postnatal life: A multi-center study in Hubei Province, China.

Background: Birth asphyxia causes hypoxia or inadequate perfusion to the organs of newborns, leading to metabolism dysfunctions including blood glucose disorders.

Methods: Neonates with and without birth asphyxia were retrospectively recruited from 53 hospitals in Hubei Province from January 1 to December 31, 2018. In summary, 875, 1139, and 180 cases in the control group, the mild asphyxia group, and the severe asphyxia group were recruited, respectively.

Bioinformatics analysis identifies ferroptosis‑related genes in the regulatory mechanism of myocardial infarction.

Since ferroptosis is considered to be a notable cause of cardiomyocyte death, inhibiting ferroptosis has become a novel strategy in reducing cardiac cell death and improving cardiopathic conditions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to search for ferroptosis-related hub genes and determine their diagnostic value in myocardial infarction (MI) to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. A total of 10,286 DEGs were identified, including 6,822 upregulated and 3.

Reducing Postoperative Recurrence of Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma by a Wound-Targeted Nanodrug.

New strategies to decrease risk of relapse after surgery are needed for improving 5-year survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To address this need, a wound-targeted nanodrug is developed, that contains an immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-PD-L1)and an angiogenesis inhibitor (sorafenib)). These nanoparticles consist of highly biocompatible mesoporous silica (MSNP) that is surface-coated with platelet membrane (PM) to achieve surgical site targeting in a self-amplified accumulation manner.

Clinical value of energy spectrum curves of dual-energy computer tomography may help to predict pathological grading of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: To explore the clinical value of energy spectrum curves of dual-energy computer tomography (CT) in quantitative evaluation of different pathological grades of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A total of 62 patients with 36 poorly, 25 moderately and 1 well differentiated gastric adenocarcinomas confirmed pathologically were collected. Dual-energy CT plain and enhanced scanning were undergone before operation.

Knowledge Sharing Among Healthcare Practitioners: Identifying the Psychological and Motivational Facilitating Factors.

There exists a lack of an understanding of how to facilitate knowledge sharing (KS) behaviors in healthcare organizations. This study is among the first to specifically address this issue through synthesizing psychological ownership (PO), self-determination theory, and psychological empowerment (PE) theory. This study developed a research model that described the impact of the psychological and motivational facilitating factors, including autonomous motivation, user PE, and PO on knowledge sharing intention (KSI) and knowledge sharing behavior (KSB).

Discovery and development of a novel N-(3-bromophenyl)-{[(phenylcarbamoyl)amino]methyl}-N-hydroxythiophene-2-carboximidamide indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitor using knowledge-based drug design.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) is a potential target for the next generation of cancer immunotherapies. We describe the development of two series of IDO1 inhibitors incorporating a N-hydroxy-thiophene-carboximidamide core generated by knowledge-based drug design. Structural modifications to improve the cellular activity and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of the compounds synthesized, including extension of the side chain of the N-hydroxythiophene-2-carboximidamide core, resulted in compound 27a, a potent IDO1 inhibitor which demonstrated significant (51%) in vivo target inhibition on IDO1 in a human SK-OV-3 ovarian xenograft tumor mouse model.

Effect of glucose metabolism disorders on the short-term prognosis in neonates with asphyxia: a multicenter study in Hubei Province, China.

Objectives: To study the effect of glucose metabolism disorders on the short-term prognosis in neonates with asphyxia.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of the neonates with asphyxia who were admitted to 52 hospitals in Hubei Province of China from January to December, 2018 and had blood glucose data within 12 hours after birth. Their blood glucose data at 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours after birth (with an allowable time error of 0.