Childhood trauma and disordered eating behaviors in youth: examining individual types, cumulative numbers, and latent patterns.

Background: Although traumatic experiences in childhood have been recognized as contributors to disordered eating behaviors, critical gaps remain in our understanding. There is limited evidence on the individual, cumulative, and distinct patterns of childhood trauma associated with risky restrictive eating and binge/purging behaviors.

Methods: Individuals aged 12-25 years from Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, completed online questionnaires assessing childhood trauma, risky restrictive eating and binge/purging behaviors.

Multimodal CRISPR screens uncover DDX39B as a global repressor of A-to-I RNA editing.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a critical post-transcriptional modification that diversifies the transcriptome and influences various cellular processes, yet its regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we present two complementary CRISPR-based genetic screening platforms: CREDITS (CRISPR-based RNA editing regulator screening), which enables genome-scale identification of editing regulators using an RNA recorder-based reporter system, and scCREDIT-seq (single-cell CRISPR-based RNA editing sequencing), which provides multiplexed single-cell characterization of transcriptome and editome changes for pooled perturbations. By screening 1,350 RNA-binding proteins, we identified a series of A-to-I editing regulators.

Rh-catalyzed enantioselective hydrosilylation of unactivated alkenes.

Here, we report a highly efficient rhodium-catalysed enantioselective hydrosilylation of unactivated alkenes, achieving excellent regioselectivity and high enantioselectivity. The use of a commercially available chiral ferrocene-based phosphine-oxazoline ligand was crucial in achieving excellent chiral induction and high reactivity with undirected unactiviated alkenes, delivering Si-stereogenic monohydrosilanes in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities. This protocol represents a robust, scalable method for the enantioselective synthesis of Si-stereogenic monohydrosilanes, featuring a low catalyst loading, a broad substrate scope and exceptional functional group and heterocycle tolerance.

Evolutionary dynamics of PEG10 and its interacting proteins during early and late-stage placental development in ruminants.

Ruminants play a crucial role in dairy farming, pharmaceuticals, and embryonic stem cell research; thus, it is vital to prevent pregnancy loss and improve reproductive outcomes through a better understanding of placental development. Paternally-expressed gene 10 (PEG10) is a conserved gene essential for placental development in mammals, but its function in ruminants is not well understood. To develop insights into its role in placental development, this study investigated the gene structure and expression of PEG10 in cattle and goats.

Occurrence, Characteristics, and Mixed Reproductive Exposure Risk Assessment of Traditional Phthalates and Their Novel Alternatives in Campus Indoor Dust.

Phthalates (PAEs) constitute the primary components of indoor dust pollutants and significantly impact human reproductive health. However, research on novel alternatives to PAEs and the risk assessment of mixed exposure has remained relatively sparse. In this study, 193 indoor dust samples were collected in 2022 from various campus locations, including classrooms, canteens, dormitories, offices, and laboratories.

Determination of 70 liquid crystal monomers in indoor gas-particle-dust multi-medium based on ultrasonic extraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are a class of emerging organic pollutants widely used in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) of various electronic products. LCMs can easily be released from LCDs into indoor environments and may pose potential environmental and health risks. Meanwhile, LCMs exhibit a wide range of saturation vapor pressures (PL) and octanol-air partition coefficients (Koa), which enable their presence in various indoor metrices.

Impaired HBsAg release and antiproliferative/antioxidant cell regulation by HBeAg-negative patient isolates reflects an evolutionary process.

Background: The hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative infection Phase 3 is characterized by no or minimal signs of hepatic inflammation and the absence of hepatic fibrosis. However, underlying molecular mechanisms leading to this benign phenotype are poorly understood.

Methods: Genotype A, B and D HBeAg-negative patient isolates with precore mutation G1896A from Phase 3 were analysed in comparison with respective HBeAg-positive rescue mutant and HBeAg-positive wild-type reference genomes regarding differences in viral replication, morphogenesis, infectivity and impact on NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent gene expression and cellular kinome.

Therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of Gastrodia elata polysaccharides on dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice: Modulation of the gut microbiota and improvement of metabolic disorders.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease, and an imbalance in the gut microbiota is a critical factor in its development. Gastrodia elata (G. elata), an Orchidaceae plant, is recognized for its nutritional and medicinal value.

Indirect treatment of plasma-processed air to decrease decay and microbiota of strawberry fruit caused by mechanical damage.

Due to the soft texture of strawberry fruit, it is highly susceptible to mechanical damage during postharvest supply chains, resulting in decay and quality deterioration. Urgent investigation is needed on the treatment techniques to mitigate the impact of postharvest mechanical damage of strawberry fruit. In the present study, the effect of indirect plasma-processed air (PPA) pretreatment to decrease decay and microbiota of strawberry fruit caused by mechanical damage was investigated.

Presence of Intact Hepatitis B Virions in Exosomes.

Background & Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was identified as an enveloped DNA virus with a diameter of 42 nm. Multivesicular bodies play a central role in HBV egress and exosome biogenesis. In light of this, it was studied whether intact virions wrapped in exosomes are released by HBV-producing cells.

Chan-Lam Reaction and Lewis Acid Promoted 1,3-Rearrangement of N-O Bonds to Prepare -(2-Hydroxyaryl)pyridin-2-ones.

We describe the difunctionalization of arylboronic acids to prepare various -(2-hydroxyaryl)pyridin-2-ones in good yields using -hydroxypyridin-2-ones as the oxygen and nitrogen sources through a copper(II)-catalyzed Chan-Lam reaction and subsequent BF-promoted selective 1,3-rearrangement of N-O bond in a one-pot procedure. Mechanistic studies reveal that the 1,3-rearrangement selectivity is controlled by the formation of the key aryloxypyridinium salt. The obtained products are easily converted to various useful pyridin-2-one scaffolds.

Incivility and Knowledge Hiding in Academia: Mediating Role of Interpersonal Distrust and Rumination.

Workplace incivility is under investigation for the last three decades, and it holds a central position in organizational behavior literature. However, despite the extensive investigations in the past, there exists a missing link between workplace incivility and knowledge hiding in academia. This study aims to tap this missing link for which data were collected from the universities staff.

The N-Terminus Makes the Difference: Impact of Genotype-Specific Disparities in the N-Terminal Part of The Hepatitis B Virus Large Surface Protein on Morphogenesis of Viral and Subviral Particles.

The N-terminus of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) large surface protein (LHB) differs with respect to genotypes. Compared to the amino terminus of genotype (Gt)D, in GtA, GtB and GtC, an additional identical 11 amino acids (aa) are found, while GtE and GtG share another similar 10 aa. Variants of GtB and GtC affecting this N-terminal part are associated with hepatoma formation.

Porcine IGF-1R synonymous mutations in the intracellular domain affect cell proliferation and alter kinase activity.

Miniature pigs are regarded as ideal organ donors for xenotransplantation into humans. Elucidating the formation mechanism of miniature pigs is important. The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is crucial in the regulation of cell proliferation and organismal growth.

Formation of semi-enveloped particles as a unique feature of a hepatitis B virus PreS1 deletion mutant.

Background: Naturally occurring variants with deletions or mutations in the C-terminal PreS1 domain from hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infected patients have been shown to promote HBsAg retention, inhibit HBsAg secretion and change the extracellular appearance of PreS1-containing HBV particles (filaments and virions).

Aims: To study the impact of N-terminal deletion in preS1 domain on viral secretion and morphogenesis.

Methods: An HBV mutant with 15 amino acids (aa 25-39) deletion in N-terminal preS1 was isolated.

Radical alkylation of para-quinone methides with 4-substituted Hantzsch esters/nitriles via organic photoredox catalysis.

A novel photocatalytic protocol is herein described for the preparation of functionalized phenols via radical alkylation of para-quinone methides under transition-metal-free conditions. The reaction is external oxidant free and performed at ambient temperature upon visible light irradiation, allowing the access to various desired products in satisfactory yields. The readily available 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines serve as the effective alkyl radical precursors.

Diverse Transformation of Vinyl Azides with 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl- N-oxopiperidinium.

A 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- N-oxopiperidinium (TEMPO)-mediated three-component diverse transformation of vinyl azides under metal-free conditions is described. The reaction protocols are operationally simple and conducted at ambient temperature, allowing to access various TEMPO-trapped ketones, amides, and α-alkoxyalkyl azides. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that an alkene radical cation-mediated radical-radical cross-coupling C-O bond formation could be involved.

Linkage disequilibrium and functional analysis of PRE1 insertion together with SNPs in the promoter region of IGFBP7 gene in different pig breeds.

Polymorphisms in regions upstream of transcription initiation site may modify the transcriptional activity of target genes by changing promoter activity. This study aims to determine whether or not polymorphisms at porcine IGFBP7 promoter region affect gene expression. In this study, eight SNPs and one PRE1 insertion in this region were first confirmed.

Modeling the Self-Assembly of Bolaamphiphiles under Nanoconfinement by Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics.

Novel and complex nanostructures of amphiphiles assemblies facilitate realizing of many practical applications in nanotechnologies. Under different physical conditions, amphiphiles can form various morphologies. In this article, the self-assembly of bolaamphiphiles was investigated under the cylindrical confinement of carbon nanotubes by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation.

Identification of Four SNPs in LHB Gene and Their Associations with Sperm Qualities of Chinese Buffaloes.

Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide (LHB) gene has been considered important for sexual behavior and has associations with sperm quality. In this study, four SNPs (g.276 T>C, g.

Expression Profiles of IGF-1R Gene and Polymorphisms of its Regulatory Regions in Different Pig Breeds.

Insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a candidate gene for growth and carcass traits in regulating animal growth, metabolism and endocrine. It is widely expressed in liver, muscle, bone tissues where the IGF-1R functions as a factor that promotes cell growth. In this study, the protein expression level of IGF-1R gene in liver and muscle tissues of three periods (birth, weaning and adult) of three pig breeds (BamaXiang pigs (BM), Tibetan pigs (TM) and Junmu No.

Distribution and linkage disequilibrium analysis of polymorphisms of GH1 gene in different populations of pigs associated with body size.

Growth hormone (GH) has been considered as a candidate gene for growth and body size in pigs. In this study, polymorphisms of the GH1 gene were evaluated for associations with body size traits in 190 pig individuals. Seventeen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in GH1 gene of the large pig breeds and miniature pig breeds using direct sequencing and genotyped by allele-specific PCR approach.

Missense mutations in the signal peptide of the porcine GH gene affect cellular synthesis and secretion.

Context: In previous investigations, we have demonstrated the mutations in the signal peptide of porcine GH gene were associated with the body size.

Methods: In this study, the fusion gene expression vectors which consisted of eight signal peptide mutants of GH gene and EGFP gene were constructed according to three missense mutations (p.Val9Ala, p.

Effect of hydrophobic mismatch on domain formation and peptide sorting in the multicomponent lipid bilayers in the presence of immobilized peptides.

In the plasma membranes, many transmembrane (TM) proteins/peptides are anchored to the underlying cytoskeleton and/or the extracellular matrix. The lateral diffusion and the tilt of these proteins/peptides may be greatly restricted by the anchoring. Here, using the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation, we investigated the domain formation and peptide sorting in the ternary lipid bilayers in the presence of the immobilized peptide-grid and peptide-cluster.

Interplay between curvature and lateral organization of lipids and peptides/proteins in model membranes.

Membrane curvature plays a crucial role in the realization of many cellular membrane functions such as signaling and trafficking. Here, using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we present an effective method of producing curved model membranes and systematically investigated the interplay between the curvature and lateral sorting of lipids and transmembrane (TM) peptides/proteins in the model membranes. We first confirmed the experimental results of the lateral organization of lipid domains in curved ternary membranes.