Chiral spin constrained assemblies for polarized optical mapping.

Optical-enabled identification and interaction provide an integral link between the digital and physical realms. However, nowadays optic-encodings, predominantly reliant on light's intensity and wavelength, are hindered by environmental light interference and limited information capacity. The introduction of unusual polarization states, such as circular polarization-which is absent from ordinary surroundings-holds promise for higher-dimensional interaction.

Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor on Recurrence After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With or Without Metabolic Syndrome.

Aims: The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation is still inconclusive. Besides, their efficacy on AF recurrence stratified by metabolic syndrome (MetS) status remains unknown.

Methods: Patients with AF undergoing initial catheter ablation between January 2017 and December 2023 from the China-AF Registry were included.

Primary adrenal melanoma with extensive metastasis: a case report and literature review.

Primary adrenal melanoma is an exceedingly rare diagnosis. We present a case of primary left adrenal melanoma with rapid and extensive distant metastasis. The patient underwent a biopsy of the left adrenal tumor, and pathological analysis confirmed malignant melanoma.

Bigger is Better; Modern Cannabis Trichomes are Larger and More Productive than their Landrace Ancestors.

Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabis) is a medicinal plant that produces and stores an abundance of therapeutic and psychoactive secondary metabolites, including phytocannabinoids and terpenes, in the glandular trichomes of its female flowers. We postulate that glandular trichome productivity has been under strong artificial selection in the pursuit for ever more potent cultivars.

Genotype-Driven Proteomic Diversity in Macadamia Nuts: Implications for Allergenicity, Nutritional Quality, and Breeding Strategies.

Macadamia nuts are valued for their nutritional content, yet little is known about the factors that affect nut quality or the genetic contributions of parental lines. This study optimized a protein extraction protocol for lipid-rich macadamia nuts and applied SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry-based proteomics to characterize nuts with known parental origin. A total of 431 high-confidence proteins were identified, with seed storage proteins (SSPs), primarily vicilin- and legumin-like globulins, comprising nearly 50% of total protein abundance.

Multi-omics investigation of metabolic dysregulation in depression: integrating metabolomics, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and mendelian randomization.

Background: The etiology of depressive disorder, the leading cause of global mental disability, is characterized by systemic metabolic dysregulation. However, the causal metabolites and their mechanistic networks remain elusive.

Methods: We combined untargeted LC/GC-MS metabolomics (N=98 Chinese elderly), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using GWAS data (59,333 depression cases with 434,831 controls) to identify depression-associated metabolites and pathways.

A Photo-Patternable Solid-State Electrolyte for High-Performance, Miniaturized, and Implantable Organic Electrochemical Transistor-Based Circuits.

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are crucial for next-generation (bio-)electronic devices but are often constrained by the use of aqueous electrolytes, which introduce crosstalk, hinder miniaturization, and limit circuit integration. Here, a photo-patternable solid-state electrolyte based on 𝜄-carrageenan (𝜄-CGN) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) is presented, enabling high-performance OECTs and complementary circuits. The 𝜄-CGN electrolyte exhibits high ionic conductivity (>10 mS cm), comparable to a 0.

Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor on recurrence and cardiovascular outcomes after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains uncertain.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether SGLT2i treatment is associated with a reduced risk of AF recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with CKD.

Methods: From the prospective Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry, we identified 628 patients with AF and CKD undergoing initial catheter ablation from January 2019 to December 2023.

Centroid algorithm for high-dynamic star sensor based on key point detection deep learning algorithms.

Under dynamic conditions, star spots will move on the image plane of the star sensor, resulting in trailing of the star map. This trailing can significantly reduce the accuracy of star centroid positioning, thereby affecting satellite attitude determination. Unlike traditional methods that restore blurred star maps before positioning, we treat the centroid of the star point as a key point in the trailing star map and use a deep learning model based on object detection to convert the positioning of star points under dynamic conditions into the positioning of key points in the trailing star map.

Generating squeezing and enhancing entanglement in an opto-magnomechanical system via pump modulation.

We propose schemes for generating quantum squeezing and enhancing entanglement in an opto-magnomechanical configuration by periodically modulating the driving field. The system consists of an optical cavity and a ferrimagnetic yttrium-iron-garnet micro-bridge supporting a magnon mode and a mechanical vibration mode, in which the mechanical mode couples to the optical mode and the magnon mode via radiation pressure and magnetostrictive interaction, respectively. The optical mode and the magnon mode are driven by classical fields, and the amplitude of the laser field driving the optical cavity is periodically modulated.

Superoxide Activates Ferroptosis via the Haber-Weiss Reaction and Enhances Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Antioxidant decline is crucial to driving age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Ferroptosis, a regulated cell death mediated by iron-dependent hydroxyl radical-catalyzed phospholipid peroxidation through the Fenton reaction, is implicated in various chronic degenerative diseases. Here, we show that superoxide activates ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells via the Haber-Weiss reaction, thereby contributing to dry AMD.

CAN: Cascade Augmentations Against Noise for Image Restoration.

Image restoration aims to recover the latent clean image from a degraded counterpart. In general, the prevailing state-of-the-art image restoration methods concentrate on solving only a specific degradation type according to the task, e.g.

Artificial intelligence in neurodegenerative diseases research: a bibliometric analysis since 2000.

This bibliometric review examines the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) in neurodegenerative diseases research from 2000 to March 16, 2025, utilizing data from 1,402 publications (1,159 articles, 243 reviews) indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection. Through advanced tools - VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix R - the study maps collaboration networks, keyword trends, and knowledge trajectories. Results reveal exponential growth post-2017, driven by advancements in deep learning and multimodal data integration.

Discovery of chromatin-based determinants of azacytidine and decitabine anti-cancer activity.

The DNA-incorporating nucleoside analogs azacytidine (AZA) and decitabine (DEC) have clinical efficacy in blood cancers, yet the precise mechanism by which these agents kill cancer cells has remained unresolved - specifically, whether their anti-tumor activity arises from conventional DNA damage or DNA hypomethylation via DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibition. This incomplete mechanistic understanding has limited their broader therapeutic application, particularly in solid tumors, where early clinical trials showed limited efficacy. Here, through the assessment of drug sensitivity in over 600 human cancer models and comparison to a non-DNA-damaging DNMT1 inhibitor (GSK-3685032), we establish DNA hypomethylation, rather than DNA damage, as the primary killing mechanism of AZA and DEC across diverse cancer types.

Dynamic molecular landscape in dorsal root ganglion for peripheral nerve regeneration promoted by tissue engineered nerve graft.

Introduction: The limited regenerative capacity of the nervous system represents a significant clinical challenge in the context of peripheral nerve injuries. An innovative strategy for sciatic nerve repair has been developed using tissue-engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) composed of skin-derived precursor Schwann-like cells (SKP-SCs) and a silk fibroin-chitosan scaffold. However, the reason why SKP-SCs-TENG demonstrated superior enhanced nerve regeneration compared to the autograft and scaffold groups remains unclear.

Durable Ceramicization-Induced Uncoated Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Anti-Icing Propeller Edges.

The chemical and mechanical instability of conventional coated decorative superhydrophobic anti-icing surfaces on propeller leading edges has been a major limitation for practical applications. Here, a self-starting, uncoated, and ultra-durable superhydrophobic anti-icing surface fabricated on silicone rubber via laser-induced ceramization microstructuring is demonstrated. The laser-processed surface achieves a water contact angle of 168° and a sliding angle of 0.

Systematic analysis of cellular cross-talk reveals a role for SEMA6D-TREM2 regulating microglial function in Alzheimer's disease.

Cellular cross-talk, mediated by membrane receptors and their ligands, is crucial for brain homeostasis and can contribute to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). To find cross-talk dysregulations involved in AD, we reconstructed cross-talk networks from single-nucleus transcriptional profiles of 67 clinically and neuropathologically well-characterized controls and AD brain donors from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center and the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network cohorts. We predicted a role for TREM2 and additional AD risk genes mediating neuron-microglia cross-talk in AD.

Application of lean management in medical laboratories to help treat patients with acute stroke.

This study investigated the application effect of lean management in the treatment of acute stroke in medical laboratories and evaluated the impact on laboratory turnaround time (TAT) and operator satisfaction. In this study, 287 patients with acute stroke were selected from the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province and divided into a control group (129 cases, before lean management) and an experimental group (158 cases, after lean management). Lean management measures included establishing fast transfer channels, information management, optimisation of the centrifuge configuration, priority management, personnel training, use of the 6 S method, and visual management to optimise the process.

The conversion of croplands to wetlands alters soil organic carbon by regulating soil particulate and microbial necromass carbon.

Natural wetlands store 20-30 % of soil organic carbon (SOC), and conversion of croplands to wetlands is thus an effective strategy for SOC restoration. However, the contribution of microbial necromass carbon to SOC change during this conversion process remains unclear. We collected samples of topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (40-60 cm) from croplands, rewetlands (i.

Role of the PomiR171n-PoUGT89B2 module in regulating the petal senescence of tree peony.

Tree peony is a traditional and popular ornamental flower. However, its short and concentrated flowering period restricts the development of the tree peony industry. In this study, the function of the PomiR171n-PoUGT89B2 combination related to senescence regulation was analyzed, using Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan' (P.

Predictive value of sudden cardiac death risk stratification for outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Prediction models for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) incorporate factors that influence outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of CA of AF in patients with HCM stratified by SCD risk.

Methods: Of the 23,904 patients who underwent CA of AF, 417 patients with HCM were screened.

Micro/nanomotor development towards enhanced cancer therapy.

Cancer remains a leading global life-threatening disease, with traditional cancer therapies hindered by inefficient drug delivery and the complex tumor microenvironment. Micro/nanomotors-nanomaterials capable of converting chemical, physical, or biological energy into autonomous mechanical motion-emerge as a transformative tool for precision oncology. By overcoming the limitations of passive drug carriers, these motors enable active penetration of tumor barriers, targeted cargo delivery, and spatiotemporally controlled therapy, offering unprecedented opportunities to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity.

Insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease: Exploring research hotspots and frontiers from a bibliometric and visual analysis (2005-2024).

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and insulin resistance (IR) share intersecting pathological pathways, with IR increasingly implicated in AD pathogenesis. Systematic bibliometric analyses mapping the evolution of this interdisciplinary field remain limited.

Objective: To quantify global research trends, collaboration networks, knowledge structures, and emerging frontiers in IR-AD research from 2005-2024.

Recent advances and multiple strategies for the synthesis of terpenoid fragrances and flavors in model microorganisms.

Terpenoids, known for their structural and functional diversity, play a significant role in various fields such as energy, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and fragrances. With the increasing globalization of the fragrance and flavor market, there is an urgent need to develop microbial cell factories to sustainably produce terpenoids through fermentation using renewable raw materials. With advancements in biotechnology, constructing efficient microbial cell factories for the heterologous synthesis of terpenoids to meet production demands has become feasible.

Nicotinamide boosts oocyte quantity and quality by promoting N4-acetylation modification in lupus mice.

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often have decreased fertility. Gene translation is crucial to oocyte meiosis and development. However, it remains unclear how SLE affects this process.