Discarded sericultural mulberry branch based triple layer composite phase change material with lignin enhanced thermal management capability.

With the exhaustion of fossil fuels, prior phase change materials are characterized by such drawbacks as poor thermal conductivity, weak shape stability, and high costs. Therefore, the preparation of phase change materials with brilliant thermal-insulating properties, high thermal conductivity, and leakage-free properties has emerged as a crucial research focus. Herein, a sericultural mulberry branch-derived (SMB) composite phase change material was prepared by deep eutectic solvent pretreated SMB and vacuum-assisted impregnated paraffin wax with cupric oxide (CuO).

Photoactivatable Synthetic Exosomes for RNA-Based Communication Between Artificial Cells and Living Cells.

Artificial cells are self-assembled microstructures engineered to replicate the functions of natural cells, such as the capacity to interact and communicate. Until now, communication between artificial and living cells has mainly been based on the exchange of small molecules. An important communication pathway in living systems, however, involves the exchange of bioactive molecules such as neurotransmitters and nucleic acids via their protected transport with vesicles or exosomes.

circSCAP-encoded SCAP-129aa mediates platinum resistance in triple-negative breast cancer via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) often acquires resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, presenting significant challenges to therapeutic management and adversely affecting patient survival. In such refractory cases, even advanced treatment modalities often exhibit diminished efficacy. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying platinum resistance.

An emerging PB2-627 polymorphism increases the zoonotic risk of avian influenza virus by overcoming ANP32 host restriction in mammalian and avian hosts.

Alterations in the PB2-627 domain of avian influenza virus (AIV) can potentially increase the risk of cross-host species infections in humans and mammals. Recently, there has been a rise in human cases of AIV infections without the presence of the known mammalian determinant PB2-E627K. Here, we identified a variant, PB2-627V, which has evolved in poultry and has contributed to the increase in human AIV infections.

Engineering Motile Coacervate Droplets via Nanomotor Stabilization.

Coacervate-based artificial cells have gained significant attraction in synthetic biology for their ability to mimic life-like functions such as compartmentalization, selective molecular uptake, and the hosting of biochemical reactions. However, the incorporation of motility, a key feature of natural cells, remains underexplored. This is mainly caused by the dynamic character of coacervates, which hampers their stability and limits control over functional motile components within the structure.

Centroid algorithm for high-dynamic star sensor based on key point detection deep learning algorithms.

Under dynamic conditions, star spots will move on the image plane of the star sensor, resulting in trailing of the star map. This trailing can significantly reduce the accuracy of star centroid positioning, thereby affecting satellite attitude determination. Unlike traditional methods that restore blurred star maps before positioning, we treat the centroid of the star point as a key point in the trailing star map and use a deep learning model based on object detection to convert the positioning of star points under dynamic conditions into the positioning of key points in the trailing star map.

Graphene-Driven Galvanic Corrosion Enables Spatiotemporal Cu Release in Nanofluid-Infused SLIPS for Dynamic Antifouling Coatings.

Marine biofouling constitutes a pervasive biological threat that seriously impedes the sustainable development of the marine economy. Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) were typically employed as marine coatings to mitigate biofouling. However, SLIPS are often hindered by rapid lubricant leaching, short service life, and a simple antifouling strategy, thereby limiting their applicability in marine environments.

Construction and validation of acetylation-related gene signatures for immune landscape analysis and prognostication risk prediction in luminal breast cancer.

Background: Epigenetic acetylation plays an essential role in the development and drug resistance of luminal breast cancer. However, the acetylation regulatory network in luminal breast cancer remains underexplored.

Methods: We used the TCGA-BRCA database to explore the acetylation regulatory network in luminal breast cancer.

Advancing continuous enzymatic hydrolysis for improved biomass saccharification.

Background: A deployable, continuous enzymatic hydrolysis (CEH) process can address cost and commercialization risks associated with second-generation (Gen2) biorefinery sugar/lignin/ethanol production while contributing to energy supply and security. Developments in commercial enzymatic hydrolysis formulations targeting Gen2 pretreated biomass such as deacetylated mechanically refined (DMR) biomass necessitate a reassessment of the existing hybrid simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) approach. Notably, the practice of "finishing hydrolysis" in SSF has become problematic with the introduction of oxidative enzymes, such as lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), into commercial cellulase formulations as these require specific redox conditions and cofactor.

Solvent-Induced Morphology Control of Polymer Assemblies with Improved Photothermal Features.

Organic photothermal agents (OPTAs) are extensively utilized in applications such as therapy and imaging. However, enhancing their photothermal performance often depends on complex molecular designs, which are limited by the challenges of chemical synthesis. Herein, we present a straightforward strategy to optimize the optical absorbance of OPTAs by adjusting the morphology of assemblies of an amphiphilic block copolymer (PEG-PTA), leading to enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency.

Accurate Identification of MDMB-Type Synthetic Cannabinoids through Design of Dual Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Site Probe and Deep-Learning.

Synthetic cannabinoids, a novel class of highly toxic psychoactive substances with various disguised forms, have posed significant risks to public safety, and their weak reactivity presents a substantial challenge for swift and accurate analysis. In this work, we develop an optical probe equipped with dual excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) sites that inhibit the intramolecular proton transfer through hydrogen bonding, facilitating the specific detection of MDMB-type synthetic cannabinoids. The probe can sensitively detect the MDMB-type synthetic cannabinoids at 1.

Stabilization of Condensate Interfaces Using Dynamic Protein Insertion.

Coacervates have been widely used to mimic membraneless organelles (MLOs). However, coacervates without a membrane or stabilizing surface do not feature the same level of stability as MLOs. This study shows that specifically engineered surface-active proteins can interact with the interface of polypeptide coacervates, conferring resistance to coacervate dissolution and fusion.

Self-Regulating Hydrogel with Reversible Optical Activity in Its Gel-to-Gel Transformation.

This study reports a supramolecular gel system capable of dynamic gel-to-gel transformations and reversible inversion of optical activity between superhelical and single-helical structures without passing through a sol phase. Inspired by collagen-like adaptability, the system utilizes 4-pyridinylboronic acid and guanosine as building blocks. Hierarchical assembly is achieved through pH-responsive boronic ester formation and guanosine-mediated G-quadruplex stacking, enabling transitions between superhelices and single helices with opposite optical activity.

Electronic Effect-Tuned Cooperativity of Multiple Noncovalent Interactions for Specific Detection of ADB-Type Synthetic Cannabinoids.

ADB-type synthetic cannabinoids (SCs), as a major category of new psychoactive substances, have posed global concerns due to their high abuse potential and detrimental health and social stability effects, and their rapid and accurate analysis is particularly challenging when they appear in concealed forms. Here, the strategy of electronic effect tuning cooperativity of multiple noncovalent interactions was proposed for the specific detection of ADB-type SCs, a class of structurally stable yet reactive inert analytes. The optimized probe HBO-Ph, for the first time, achieved ratiometric fluorescence detection of ADB-type SCs by effectively suppressing excited-state intramolecular proton transfer and promoting intramolecular charge transfer, showcasing unparalleled detection capabilities with a low detection limit of 24.

In-situ polymerized tourmaline/polypyrrole/lignocellulose aerogel for flame-resistant and intelligent fire alarm sensor.

Fires in buildings made of woody materials pose threats to human lives and property. Therefore, an intelligent, efficient sensors made of lignocellulosic materials for early fire warnings that can detect fires quickly and exhibit satisfactory flame retardancy is urgently needed. In this study, a flame-retardant lignocellulose aerogel (TPLA) with a thermosensitive alarm sensor response is prepared by the vacuum impregnation of tourmaline particles (TPs) and in-situ polymerization of pyrrole in lignocellulose aerogel specimens.

Dynamic ctDNA tracking stratifies relapse risk for triple negative breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Early Triple negative breast cancer (eTNBC) is the subtype with the worst outcome. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is shown to predict the prognosis of breast cancer, but its utility in eTNBC remains unclear. 130 stage II-III female eTNBC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have been enrolled prospectively and subjected to ctDNA analysis.

In-situ constructed tactic of palladium nanoparticles supported on hierarchical porous wood-derived cellulose framework towards efficient catalytic reduction on 4-nitrophenol.

With the advancement of technology, the production of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater containing dyes are increasing steadily. In the evolutionary process of catalytic reduction wastewater, recyclability and homogenization are still puzzles. Herein, a wood-derived cellulose catalytic system with hierarchical pore structure was proposed based on chlorite-alkali method for efficient catalytic reduction on 4-nitrophenol (4-NP).

IHC4 and COMBINE scores for enhanced prognostic stratification in HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: The prognostic value of pathological complete response (pCR) in HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is limited, as many of these patients achieve long-term survival regardless of pCR status. The effectiveness of current tools-residual cancer burden (RCB), the Miller-Payne (MP) score, CPS-EG score and the immunohistochemical 4 (IHC4)-in this subgroup remains uncertain. In this study, we validated the prognostic role of these approaches and developed a COMBINED score capable of more accurately stratifying patients into distinct risk groups, effectively identifying low-risk patients with favorable outcomes who may be suitable for treatment de-escalation.

Triboelectric Sensors Based on Glycerol/PVA Hydrogel and Deep Learning Algorithms for Neck Movement Monitoring.

Prolonged use of digital devices and sedentary lifestyles have led to an increase in the prevalence of cervical spondylosis among young people, highlighting the urgent need for preventive measures. Recent advancements in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have shown their potential as self-powered sensors. In this study, we introduce a novel, flexible, and stretchable TENG for neck movement detection.

Tuning Absorption State and Intermolecular Potential of Organic Semiconductors for Narrowband Ultraviolet Photodetection.

Narrowband response of organic semiconductors determines the band selectivity and anti-interference of the organic photodetectors, which are pursued for a long time but have not yet been resolved in the UV band. Herein, a feasible strategy is developed to realize narrowband UV response by tuning the absorption state and intermolecular potential of organic semiconductors. The as-designed non-Donor-Acceptor molecule, 2,5-diphenylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene (2,5-DPTT), exhibits narrowband absorption by fully suppressing the charge transfer state absorption.

Accompanying Bi Clusters as Charge Mediators Effectively Enhance Synergetic Redox of BiSnO/ZnInS S-Scheme Heterostructure Composites.

Achieving synergistic oxidation and reduction represents a significant challenge in the field of photocatalysis. In this study, the hydrothermal/in situ construction of Bi atom clusters within BiSnO/ZnInS (BSO/ZIS) heterostructures is reported. These clusters exhibit self-accelerating charge-transfer mechanisms facilitated by internal electric fields and bonding bridges, resulting in highly efficient light absorption and charge-transfer capabilities.

Synergistic Effect of Boron Doping and Porous Structures on Titanium Dioxide for Efficient Photocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Nitrogen in Pure Water.

Photocatalytic reduction of nitrate to N holds great significance for environmental governance. However, the selectivity of nitrate reduction to N is influenced by sacrificial agents and the kinds of cocatalysts (such as Pt and Ag). The presence of unconsumed sacrificial agents can aggravate environmental pollution, while noble metal-based cocatalysts increase application costs.

Polymeric Nanoarchitectures: Advanced Cargo Systems for Biological Applications.

Polymeric nanoarchitectures are crafted from amphiphilic block copolymers through a meticulous self-assembly process. The composition of these block copolymers is finely adjustable, bestowing precise control over the characteristics and properties of the resultant polymeric assemblies. These nanoparticles have garnered significant attention, particularly in the realm of biological sciences, owing to their biocompatibility, favorable pharmacokinetics, and facile chemically modifiable nature.

Flexible Morphological Regulation of Photothermal Nanodrugs: Understanding the Relationship between the Structure, Photothermal Effect, and Tumoral Biodistribution.

The morphology of nanodrugs is of utmost importance in photothermal therapy because it directly influences their physicochemical behavior and biological responses. However, clarifying the inherent relationship between morphology and the resultant properties remains challenging, mainly due to the limitations in the flexible morphological regulation of nanodrugs. Herein, we created a range of morphologically controlled nanoassemblies based on poly(ethylene glycol)--poly(d,l-lactide) (PEG-PLA) block copolymer building blocks, in which the model photosensitizer phthalocyanine was incorporated.