Dynamic responses of gut microbiota to agricultural and wildfire ash: insights from different amphibian developmental stages.

Combustion by-products-specifically wildfire ash and rice-straw ash-are emerging contaminants in freshwater ecosystems. However, their impacts on amphibian survival and gut microbiota across various developmental stages remains largely unclear, thereby limiting evidence-based conservation strategies in fire-affected habitats. This study evaluated the effects of artificial water (control, C) and aqueous extracts of ash (AEAs) derived from wildfire ash (W) and rice straw ash (S) on the survival and gut (G) microbiota of tadpoles (T) and adult frogs (F).

Current progress of plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles on the regulation of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are clinically common chronic orthopedic diseases. With the aging of the global population, OP and OA pose a serious threat to human health. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by cells and can mediate inter-cell communication.

SHED-derived exosome-mimetics promotes rotator cuff tendon-bone healing via macrophage immunomodulation through NF-κB suppression and autophagy activation.

Rotator cuff tendon-bone healing is impeded by inflammation and inadequate regeneration. This study evaluates exosome-mimetics (EMs) derived from stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) as a therapeutic strategy to enhance repair.SHED-EMs were synthesized via serial extrusion and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot.

Centroid algorithm for high-dynamic star sensor based on key point detection deep learning algorithms.

Under dynamic conditions, star spots will move on the image plane of the star sensor, resulting in trailing of the star map. This trailing can significantly reduce the accuracy of star centroid positioning, thereby affecting satellite attitude determination. Unlike traditional methods that restore blurred star maps before positioning, we treat the centroid of the star point as a key point in the trailing star map and use a deep learning model based on object detection to convert the positioning of star points under dynamic conditions into the positioning of key points in the trailing star map.

Music therapy in modulating immune responses and enhancing cancer treatment outcomes.

Music therapy, an intersection of art and science, is gaining recognition as a complementary approach in cancer care. This review systematically explores its mechanisms, applications, and effectiveness, with a focus on its impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly immune signaling and inflammation at single-cell resolution. Evidence shows that music therapy alleviates psychological symptoms-such as anxiety and depression-and physical discomforts including pain, fatigue, and nausea.

Exposure to Rice Straw Ash Alters Survival, Development and Microbial Diversity in Amphibian Tadpoles.

Amphibians are increasingly threatened by human activities, with rice straw burning emerging as a significant yet underexplored hazard. This practice may release harmful polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), disrupt ecosystems, and affect amphibians. However, the impact on tadpole microbiota and development remains unclear.

Disentangled representation learning for multi-view clustering via von Mises-Fisher hyperspherical embedding.

Multi-view clustering has gained significant attention due to its ability to integrate data from diverse perspectives, frequently outperforming single-view approaches. However, existing methods often assume a Gaussian distribution within the latent embedding space, which can degrade performance when handling high-dimensional data or data with complex, non-Gaussian distributions. These limitations complicate effective data alignment, hinder meaningful information fusion across views, and impair accurate similarity measurement.

Ectopic expression of GDF15 in cancer-associated fibroblasts enhances melanoma immunosuppression via the GFRAL/RET cascade.

Background: A key aspect of tumor biology is the involvement of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, the dynamic and complex key roles of CAFs in the melanoma immune microenvironment have not been elucidated.

Methods: The CAFs landscape in melanoma was characterized using single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics.

Bioactive siRNA-Based Liposomes Promoted Tendon-Bone Healing in Osteoporotic Mice by Recovering the Stemness of CD248 TSPCs.

Osteoporosis significantly impairs tendon-bone healing, increasing the risk of rotator cuff tears and postoperative retearing. Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) are vital for tendon repair, with their stemness crucial to healing outcomes. This study investigated the role of CD248 in regulating TSPC stemness and assessed the therapeutic potential of si-CD248-loaded liposomes in promoting tendon-bone healing under osteoporotic conditions.

Advancements in two-dimensional nanomaterials for regenerative medicine in skeletal muscle repair.

Skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the human body, plays vital roles in movement, heat generation, and internal organ protection. While healthy muscle can regenerate effectively, its regenerative capacity declines in conditions like congenital muscular dystrophy, severe trauma, or aging. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, with unique physicochemical properties such as high surface area, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable mechanical and electrical properties, have shown great promise in different forms of muscle injury, particularly in volumetric muscle loss (VML).

Direct -methyl C-H esterification of -tosyl hydroxamates to enable facile synthesis of hemiaminal esters.

Here we present a new method for synthesizing amide hemiaminal esters through the direct -methyl C-H esterification of -tosyl hydroxamates. This approach demonstrates good tolerance for a variety of functional groups and operates under mild, transition-metal-free conditions, thus providing an accessible and effective pathway to hemiaminal esters.

Piezo1-Mediated Ferroptosis Delays Wound Healing in Aging Mice by Regulating the Transcriptional Activity of SLC7A11 through Activating Transcription Factor 3.

Ferroptosis plays a role in wound healing during the maturation of senescent endothelial cells. This study explores the modulation of ferroptosis in senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and wound-healing processes by Piezo1 activation at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Elevated Piezo1 expression was observed in HUVECs treated with the senescence inducer doxorubicin (Doxo) and the ferroptosis inducer erastin and in aged wound tissue.

An integrated wireless system for dynamic strain monitoring of Einel-rad-Einelfahrwerk bogies for high-speed rail transport.

As critical load-bearing components of high-speed trains, bogies endure multidirectional alternating loads during long-term operation, making their dynamic strain characteristics and structural integrity pivotal to operational safety. Therefore, real-time dynamic strain monitoring of bogies is essential for predicting and preventing high-speed train accidents. Compared to traditional Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT&E) methods, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors are more suitable for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) due to their wireless capabilities and cost-effectiveness.

Quanta emission rate during speaking and coughing mediated by indoor temperature and humidity.

In epidemiological prospective modelling, assessing the hypothetical infectious quanta emission rate (E) is critical for estimating airborne infection risk. Existing E models overlook environmental factors such as indoor relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T), despite their importance to droplet evaporation dynamics. Here we include these environmental factors in a prospective E model based on the airborne probability functions with emitted droplet distribution for speaking and coughing activities.

Chinese expert consensus on refined diagnosis, treatment, and management of advanced primary liver cancer (2023 edition).

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), commonly known as primary liver cancer, is a major cause of malignant tumors and cancer-related deaths in China, accounting for approximately 85% of all cancer cases in the country. Several guidelines have been used to diagnose and treat liver cancer. However, these guidelines provide a broad definition for classifying advanced liver cancer, with an emphasis on a singular approach, without considering treatment options for individual patients.

Enhancing diabetic muscle repair through W-GA nanodots: a nanomedicinal approach to ameliorate myopathy in type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that significantly impairs muscle regeneration following injuries, contributing to numerous complications and reduced quality of life. There is an urgent need for therapeutic strategies that can enhance muscle regeneration and alleviate these pathological mechanisms. In this study, we evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of W-GA nanodots, which are composed of gallic acid (GA) and tungstate (W6+), on muscle regeneration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)-induced muscle injury, with a focus on their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.

Altered Atlas of Exercise-Responsive MicroRNAs Revealing miR-29a-3p Attacks Armored and Cold Tumors and Boosts Anti-B7-H3 Therapy.

Increasing evidence has shown that physical exercise remarkably inhibits oncogenesis and progression of numerous cancers and exercise-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs) exert a marked role in exercise-mediated tumor suppression. In this research, expression and prognostic values of exercise-responsive miRNAs were examined in breast cancer (BRCA) and further pan-cancer types. In addition, multiple independent public and in-house cohorts, in vitro assays involving multiple, macrophages, fibroblasts, and tumor cells, and in vivo models were utilized to uncover the tumor-suppressive roles of miR-29a-3p in cancers.

Unraveling phase-dependent variations of viral community, virus-host linkage, and functional potential during manure composting process.

The temporal dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities significantly impact the manure composting process, yet viral communities are often underexplored. Bulk metagenomes, viromes, metatranscriptomes, and metabolomes were integrated to investigate dynamics of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus and virus-host interactions throughout a 63-day composting process. A total of 473 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), predominantly Caudoviricetes, showed distinct phase-dependent differentiation.

Intratumoral Collagen Deposition Supports Angiogenesis Suggesting Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Armored and Cold Tumors.

A previous study classifies solid tumors based on collagen deposition and immune infiltration abundance, identifying a refractory subtype termed armored & cold tumors, characterized by elevated collagen deposition and diminished immune infiltration. Beyond its impact on immune infiltration, collagen deposition also influences tumor angiogenesis. This study systematically analyzes the association between immuno-collagenic subtypes and angiogenesis across diverse cancer types.

Exosomes of different cellular origins: prospects and challenges in the treatment of acute lung injury after burns.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical clinical disease caused by direct factors (inhalation injury, gastroesophageal reflux, ) or indirect factors (including infection, sepsis, burn, shock, trauma, acute pancreatitis, fat embolism, drug overdose, ). ALI is characterized mainly by diffuse interstitial and alveolar edema caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response and damage to the alveoli-capillary barrier and has very high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy other than mechanical ventilation, fluid management or other supportive treatments.

Nuclear p62 condensates stabilize the promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies by sequestering their ubiquitin ligase RNF4.

Liquid-liquid phase separation has emerged as a crucial mechanism driving the formation of membraneless biomolecular condensates, which play important roles in numerous cellular processes. These condensates, found both in the nucleus and cytoplasm, are formed through multivalent, low-affinity interactions between various molecules. P62-containing condensates serve, among other functions, as proteolytic hubs for the ubiquitin-proteasome system.

Impact of exercise on cancer: mechanistic perspectives and new insights.

This review critically evaluates the substantial role of exercise in enhancing cancer prevention, treatment, and patient quality of life. It conclusively demonstrates that regular physical activity not only reduces cancer risk but also significantly mitigates side effects of cancer therapies. The key findings include notable improvements in fatigue management, reduction of cachexia symptoms, and enhancement of cognitive functions.