Prospects and Challenges of Lung Cancer Vaccines.

Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide. Although conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have modestly improved patient survival, their overall efficacy remains limited, and the prognosis is generally poor. In recent years, immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized cancer treatment.

Correction: Liu et al. GCN5 Potentiates Glioma Proliferation and Invasion via STAT3 and AKT Signaling Pathways. 2015, , 21897-21910.

In the original publication [...

A multifunctional hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing by remodeling iron balance and energy metabolism.

Patients with diabetes often exhibit delayed wound healing, which is characterized by the endothelial cells dysfunction and excessive accumulation of free tissue iron. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, though its role in angiogenesis under hyperglycemia remains unknown. In this study, we revealed a distinct ferroptosis-associated metabolic phenotype in endothelial cells derived from unhealed diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and under high glucose exposure in vitro, marked by elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and impaired mitochondrial function.

Maintaining basal B-RAF kinase activity for abscisic acid signaling via reciprocal phosphoregulation of a single serine residue.

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant responses to environmental stresses, development, and immunity. Under unfavorable conditions, ABA forms a complex with its receptor proteins Pyrabactin Resistance 1 (PYR1)/PYR1-likes (PYLs)/Regulatory Component of ABA Receptors (RCARs), inhibiting Clade A Protein Phosphatases Type 2C (PP2Cs) and releasing Sucrose Non-Fermenting-1-Related Protein Kinase 2s (SnRK2s) from PP2C-mediated inhibition. Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma (RAF) kinases from the B1, B2, and B3 subgroups phosphorylate and reactivate SnRK2s, initiating ABA responses.

Polysaccharides from Sepia Esculenta Ink Promote Apoptosis via Inhibition of Autophagy in Cisplatin-exposed Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Introduction: Sepia Ink Polysaccharide (SIP) is a well-characterized, marinederived glycosaminoglycan with demonstrated multifunctional properties; however, its pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the anti-tumor mechanism of SIP1 from Sepia esculenta ink in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), with a focus on apoptosis and autophagy.

Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to cisplatin (CP) and SIP1 were assessed for apoptosis and autophagy by evaluating cell morphology, apoptosis and autophagy rates, and the expression of key genes involved in these processes using double staining, flow cytometry, and Western blotting.

Causal Associations of Gestational and Perinatal Factors with the Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: This study was to explore the causal association between gestational and perinatal factors and the risk of childhood obesity based on two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with exposure were selected. MR Egger regression was used for the evaluation of the horizontal pleiotropy in SNPs.

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Urine Cytology for Noninvasive Detection of Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma: A Multi-Center Diagnostic Study with Prospective Validation.

Accurate preoperative diagnosis of muscle invasion (MI) is critical for urothelial carcinoma (UC) management. The aim is to evaluate whether artificial intelligence (AI) model based on urine cytology can accurately detect MIUC and compare its performance with radiologist assessments. UC patients underwent liquid-based urine cytology from four centers are included for model development/validation.

Targeting N-Methyladenine of Tubular Mitochondrial DNA Against Hypertensive CKD.

Background: Hypertension is a significant global health issue that contributes to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) plays a crucial role in the progression of CKD. However, the involvement of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation in hypertensive CKD and its potential as a therapeutic target remains largely unexamined.

GT1 regulates maize sex determination by affecting the jasmonate pathway.

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a monoecious plant with male and female flowers physically separated on different inflorescences-the tassel and the ear. Maize sex determination is controlled by a series of complicated developmental signals.

Phytic Acid Improves the Skin Barrier Function in Murine Models of Atopic Dermatitis Through Skin Microbiota-Derived Indole-3-Propionic Acid.

Background: Barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis of the skin microbiota are two of the key factors in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Phytic acid (PA) is a common constituent of high-fiber foods, whereas its role in AD remains unelucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PA-altered skin microbial metabolites on AD and to explore its specific mechanism.

Third-day weight changes and bronchopulmonary dysplasia risk in preterm infants: a cohort study.

Objective: Fluid balance and weight changes in the early postnatal period are critical indicators of neonatal adaptation and have been implicated in the development of complications in preterm infants. However, the relationship between early weight changes and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between weight change by the third day of life and the subsequent risk of BPD in preterm infants.

Herbal Medicine-Derived Natural Product Self-Assembled Nanoparticles: Orchestrating Chemo-Chemodynamic-Immunotherapy for Tumor Combination Therapy.

The escalating global cancer burden has driven the development of nanomedicine-based antitumor agents. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) provides a valuable source for drug discovery, with natural active product (NAP)-based nanomaterials exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and potent therapeutic efficacy. This work develops a novel stimulus-responsive antitumor nanoplatform (ISL@RLP-Fe) based on polysaccharide-flavonoid-iron complexes.

Piezo1-Mediated Ferroptosis Delays Wound Healing in Aging Mice by Regulating the Transcriptional Activity of SLC7A11 through Activating Transcription Factor 3.

Ferroptosis plays a role in wound healing during the maturation of senescent endothelial cells. This study explores the modulation of ferroptosis in senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and wound-healing processes by Piezo1 activation at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Elevated Piezo1 expression was observed in HUVECs treated with the senescence inducer doxorubicin (Doxo) and the ferroptosis inducer erastin and in aged wound tissue.

Molecular subtypes based on ferroptosis-related genes and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in small cell lung cancer.

Background: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death associated with cancer. However, the characteristics of ferroptosis in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are still uncertain. This study aimed to explore the application value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) classification in prognosis and characteristics prediction to provide clues for targeted SCLC therapy.

Biocompatible Astragalus polysaccharide-based nanogels for oncology: synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic potential.

In recent years, drug delivery systems have become an important platform for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, developing a novel nanoplatform that synergistically integrates multimodal therapies for precision tumor treatment remains a significant challenge. To address this, we employed Astragalus polysaccharide (ASP) with immunomodulatory function as the framework to load podophyllotoxin (PPT) and IR780, and constructed a novel ROS/GSH/NIR triple-response nanoplatform (IR780@PPTASP).

Targeting 5-HT to Alleviate Dose-Limiting Neurotoxicity in Nab-Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is a severe dose-limiting adverse event of chemotherapy. Presently, the mechanism underlying the induction of CIPN remains unclear, and no effective treatment is available. In this study, through metabolomics analyses, we found that nab-paclitaxel therapy markedly increased serum serotonin [5-hydroxtryptamine (5-HT)] levels in both cancer patients and mice compared to the respective controls.

The Role of Skin-Gut-Lung Microbiome in Allergic Diseases.

The incidence of allergic diseases has continued to rise in recent years, affecting approximately 20% of the worldwide population especially children. Allergic diseases are chronic immune diseases that greatly reduce the quality of life of patients, leading to great economic and medical burden. The epidemiological studies indicated that children who had atopic dermatitis (AD) in infancy are more likely to develop food allergy (FA) later, and then allergic asthma (AA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) in childhood, which was defined as the "atopic march" (AM).

Multi-Auto-Tandem Reaction to Access Site-Specific Functionalized Tricyclic Furo[3,2-]coumarins and Naphtho[2,3-]furan-4,9-diones.

A three-component multi-auto-tandem reaction for the construction of site-specific tricyclic furo[3,2-]coumarins via the formation of C-C, C-O, and C-S bonds in one step from 4-hydroxycoumarins/4-hydroxy-2-pyrones, ynals, and sodium sulfinates is reported. This cascade reaction efficiently produces a variety of rare C-2-functionalized furo[3,2-]coumarins in moderate to good yields under straightforward reaction conditions. Furthermore, this protocol can be extended to a three-component coupling involving 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, ynals, and sodium sulfinates, yielding tricyclic naphtho[2,3-]furan-4,9-dione derivatives.

Dehydroabietic acid protects against cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by modulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via targeting PKCδ.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality, although its underlying mechanisms remain only partly understood. Emerging evidence indicates that inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation would be an effective therapeutic approach for CIRI, and pharmacological interventions targeting this pathway hold significant therapeutic promise. This study aimed to identify a potent anti-inflammatory drug from a natural compound library as a potential treatment for CIRI.

Two-Factor Authentication Inspired Optical Security of Information Enabled by Silica Nanofibers.

Two-factor authentication (2FA) is widely used in informatics for identity verification and information encryption, yet its applications in materials science remain largely underexplored. In this study, a composite film composed of silica nanofibers (NFs) and fluorescent nanofibers (FNFs) is presented, offering a unique material-based approach to 2FA encryption. NFs and FNFs are synthesized via water-in-oil emulsions, resulting in films that can be both liquid- and light-responsive.

Purinosomes as a therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma: insights and opportunities.

The formation of purinosomes, dynamic complexes involved in de novo purine biosynthesis, has been recognized as a critical process for cell growth. Although their upregulation in cancer cells suggests their potential as a therapeutic target, the specific role of purinosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain. The purinosome score was found to have prognostic value.

Association of Loneliness and Social Isolation with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Bidirectional and Network Mendelian Randomization Study.

Objective: Observational studies have shown inconsistent associations of loneliness or social isolation (SI) with ischemic heart disease (IHD), with unknown mediators.

Methods: Using data from genome-wide association studies of predominantly European ancestry, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study to estimate causal effects of loneliness ( = 487,647) and SI traits on IHD ( = 184,305). SI traits included whether individuals lived alone, participated in various types of social activities, and how often they had contact with friends or family ( = 459,830 to 461,369).

Synergistic chemoimmunotherapy in a green framework: pH-responsive natural plant polysaccharide-based nanoparticles.

Traditional therapies are inadequate in addressing the escalating threat of cancer, highlighting the urgent need for more effective treatment modalities. Natural products play a crucial role in the development of novel anticancer pharmaceuticals and safe anti-tumor nanomedicines. Honokiol (HK), a naturally occurring compound, has been shown to induce apoptosis in cancer cells and inhibit tumor proliferation, positioning it as a promising candidate for chemotherapeutic applications.

Topological elastic liquid diode.

On-demand liquid transportation is fundamentally important and holds great potential in various fields, such as water collection and biological engineering. However, it remains highly challenging to in situ manipulate the direction of liquid flow on a lyophilic surface. Here, a topological elastic liquid diode (TELD) that could manipulate the flow direction is developed by combining the leaf inspired ratchet array and the elasticity of silicon rubber.

Infection of human induced pluripotent stem cells by an oncogenic herpesvirus.

Objective: As one of the major human oncogenic viruses, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) is closely related to several cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). KSHV can infect a broad tropism of human primary cells and . Embryonic stem cell-like pluripotent stem cells can be generated by the simultaneous introduction of several factors, into somatic cells, yielding induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.