A Comprehensive Review of Food-Derived Compounds Targeting Pyroptosis for Colitis Therapy: From Effects to Mechanisms.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of non-specific inflammatory bowel disease characterized by complex pathological mechanisms that remain incompletely understood, posing challenges for effective treatment. Pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death mediated by the Gasdermin D protein family, occurs primarily through the classical caspase-1 pathway, the non-classical caspase-4, 5, and 11 pathways, and alternative pathways. Dysregulated activation of pyroptosis signaling has been implicated in the progression of UC, indicating that targeted inhibition of pyroptosis may serve as a therapeutic strategy.

Synergistic Fe/Co Doping and Vacancy Engineering for Stable RuO in Acidic OER.

RuO is one of the most effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs); however, its long-term stability is hindered by Ru dissolution under harsh electrochemical conditions. In this study, we explore the combined effects of metal doping and oxygen vacancy engineering on enhancing the stability performance of RuO-based catalysts. Using Fe or Co as dopants, we demonstrate that doping not only decreases the Ru valence but also induces a significant enrichment of oxygen vacancies.

Profiles of oral microbiota and metabolites in periodontitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia patients: a pilot study.

Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between periodontitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We have demonstrated that experimental periodontitis and the periodontal pathogen exacerbate the progression of BPH. In this study, we focused on the characteristics and alterations of the oral microbiome and metabolites in patients with BPH and those with both BPH and periodontitis.

Enhanced stability and efficiency in perovskite solar cells via mixed-metal chalcohalide-alloyed formamidinium lead iodide.

Achieving long-term stability in halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains challenging due to their susceptibility to environmental degradation. Enhancing material stability at the intrinsic level offers a pathway to more durable solutions. This study addresses the instability of halide perovskites by enhancing ionic binding energy and alleviating lattice strain through the mixed metal chalcohalide into formamidinium lead tri-iodide (FAPbI₃).

Scaffold Hopping of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones via Divergent Alkyl Amine Insertion.

α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds are pivotal intermediates in organic synthesis, widely utilized in nucleophilic addition reactions for constructing C-C and C-heteroatom bonds. Primary amines are essential building blocks in drug discovery, and their reactions with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds yield key intermediates for pharmaceuticals, natural products, and bioactive molecules. Traditional methods often emphasize 1,2- or 1,4-additions, targeting peripheral modifications.

Inhibiting ANP32E protects against acute kidney injury by regulating autophagy via the AMPK pathway.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a secondary injury that frequently occurs during acute kidney injury (AKI) treatment. Acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member E (ANP32E) disorders are associated with several pathological conditions linked to renal dysfunction. However, the role and mechanism of ANP32E in AKI remain unclear.

YOD1 regulates oxidative damage of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease by deubiquitinating PKM2.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative movement disorder, mainly characterized by the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress is considered to be a key contributor to dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, triggering a series of downstream events such as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and misfolded protein aggregation, which ultimately exacerbate the development of PD. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) regulate oxidative stress, but their roles in PD remain unclear.

Observer-based event-triggered impulsive control of delayed reaction-diffusion neural networks.

In this paper, we present a novel design of an observer-based event-triggered impulsive control strategy for delayed reaction-diffusion neural networks subject to impulsive perturbation. The impulsive instants of impulsive control are determined in an event-triggered way, and the control strength is designed by the sampling output of an impulsive observer. Several criteria with Lyapunov conditions and linear matrix inequalities are established for the global exponential stability of delayed reaction-diffusion neural networks.

Analysis of factors affecting laboratory alert level of trazodone based on therapeutic drug monitoring data.

Aims: Previous studies have revealed the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring for personalized trazodone dosing. However, studies on risk factors related to trazodone plasma concentrations that exceed laboratory alert levels are lacking. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the trazodone plasma concentration-to-dose (C/D) ratio in the Chinese population.

Enhanced coordination interaction with multi-site binding ligands for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

Conventional passivating ligands bind to perovskite surfaces through only a single active site, which not only creates a resistive barrier due to dense ligand packing but also restricts the enhancement of device stability. Here, we identify an antimony chloride-N,N-dimethyl selenourea complex, Sb(SU)Cl, as a multi-anchoring ligand to significantly enhance perovskite crystallinity, suppress defect formation, and dramatically improve moisture resistance and overall stability. As a result, we achieve a power conversion efficiency of 25.

Research trends in post-stroke aphasia (2004-2024): a bibliometric and visualized analysis.

Introduction: This study employs bibliometric analysis to systematically investigate the evolutionary trajectory and disciplinary dynamics of post-stroke aphasia mechanism research from 2004 to 2024.

Methods: Through multidimensional examination of 3,492 publications from Web of Science Core Collection.

Results: We identify paradigm shifts characterized by three distinct phases: initial reliance on neuroimaging for anatomical localization of language-area lesions, subsequent focus on white matter remodeling and neuromodulation techniques validating neural plasticity hypotheses, and recent advances in functional connectomics integrated with multimodal intervention strategies.

Research trends of protein palmitoylation in cancer from 2004 to 2024: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.

Background: Protein palmitoylation is a dynamic and reversible lipid modification that has attracted increasing attention in cancer research in recent years. Palmitoylation involves the covalent attachment of palmitic acid (C16) to cysteine residues, altering the protein's hydrophobicity and thereby affecting its membrane localization, stability, and functional activity. Recently, palmitoylation has been closely associated with the development and progression of various cancers, making it a key factor in cancer biology research.

Super-resolution co-imaging of proteins and nucleic acids on expansion microscopy.

Visualization of proteins and nucleic acids with super-resolution is a persistent need. Expansion microscopy (ExM) permits nanoscale imaging of biomolecules on a conventional microscope by physically expanding biological specimens embedded in a stretchable hydrogel. However, achieving simultaneous super-resolution co-imaging of proteins and nucleic acids on ExM has remained a general challenge.

IL-23 Receptor Agonism by Mulberroside C Activates the RASGRP1/RAS/ERK Pathway Contributing to Leukopenia Treatments.

Chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced leukopenia is a common challenge in cancer treatment, with a significant dearth of effective therapeutic options. IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) signaling holds the potential for promoting neutrophil generation and maturation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study investigates the molecular mechanism and efficacy of Mulberroside C (MC) in alleviating leukopenia via IL-23R signaling.

TET3 facilitates bladder cancer progression through targeted modulation of stemness pathways.

Bladder cancer is a major health concern, and understanding its molecular mechanisms is essential for developing effective therapies. TET3, a DNA hydroxymethylase, has been linked to tumor progression, but its role in bladder cancer remains unclear. We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data and identified TET3 as a key regulator in tumor-promoting cells using scissor analysis.

In Situ-Prepared Nanocomposite for Water Management in High-Temperature Reservoirs.

In the field of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), particularly for water control in high-temperature reservoirs, there is a critical need for effective in-depth water shutoff and conformance control technologies. Polymer-based in situ-cross-linked gels are extensively employed for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), yet their short gelation time under high-temperature reservoir conditions (e.g.

Genotype Identification of Complete Hydatidiform Moles without a Maternal Component: Attempts at a Novel 26-plex STR System.

Objective: Current autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) assays can analyze the zygotic composition by comparing the allelic genes at each locus of complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), with a maternal genotype serving as an essential reference for comparative analysis. However, their application in pathology represents a challenge because of deficiency or contamination of maternal-origin tissues. This study aimed to develop a novel STR genotyping method for identifying CHM genotypes without a maternal component.

Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria: Potential Contributors to High-Quality Protein Production Coupled with CO Utilization.

The global protein gap is widening due to population growth, and traditional sources, such as soybeans, are insufficient. Single-cell proteins provide another option, but heterotrophic bacteria emit CO during production, and the production by alga protein is restricted by light supply. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) can use reduced sulfur and CO to synthesize bacterial protein with a high methionine content, which can be used as a supplement to animal feed.

Prognostic factors of selective nerve root block under fluoroscopic guidance for the treatment of young patients with lumbar disc herniation and its role in preventing surgery.

Background: As a transitional treatment between conservative treatment and surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), selec tive nerve root block (SNRB) has attracted increasing attention recently. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of SNRB in young patients with LDH.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was employed.

Salmonella enterica mediated epigenetic promotion of fibrosis is a novel factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: Fibrosis constitutes a significant pathophysiological mechanism in the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and represents a contributing factor to the ineffectiveness of prevailing pharmacological treatments. Emerging evidence suggests a close association between microbial presence and the development of fibrosis. Nonetheless, the potential involvement of microbes within prostatic tissue in the pathogenesis of BPH and prostatic fibrosis, along with the underlying mechanisms, remains unexplored.

Clozapine Once-Versus Multiple-Daily Dosing Regimen: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Due to its short plasma half-life, clozapine is typically prescribed in a divided dosing regimen. Although once-daily dosing has proven effective in countries such as Japan, South Korea, Canada, and the United States, its adoption in real-world clinical practice in China remains unclear. This study aimed to compare patient characteristics, psychiatric symptoms, side effects, and plasma clozapine concentrations between once-daily and divided dosing regimens, and to determine the dosage required to achieve plasma levels of 350-600 ng/mL in the Chinese population.

Leaf respiration and its response to environment in different provenances of based on exchanging common-gardens.

Exploring the response of leaf respiration to environmental change and its provenance variation is helpful for understanding the adaptation of trees to environment. We constructed an experiment by transplanting seedlings from 11 provenances to two common gardens, and measured leaf respiration and environmental factors. The results showed that leaf respiration rate measured at 15 ℃ (), nitrogen concentration and soluble sugar concentration of trees growing in the warm and humid common garden were higher than those growing in the cold and dry common garden.

Observation of rituximab as initial treatment in patients with minimal change disease- a retrospective study.

Research Background: This study was aimed to retrospectively investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) versus glucocorticoids (GC) as initial treatments for patients with minimal change disease (MCD).

Research Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with MCD through kidney biopsy and received RTX or GC as the initial treatment regimen were included and matched by propensity score (ratio: 1:1) based on age, sex, urine protein, and eGFR. The 2 groups each consist of 12 adult patients and 2 pediatric patients.

The Particle Size of Wheat Bran Dietary Fiber Influences Its Improvement Effects on Constipation.

Wheat bran dietary fiber (WBDF) is a potential functional additive to enrich products used for relieving constipation. The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of different particle size ranges (mean sizes of 84.14, 61.

OTUD1 positively regulates microglia neuroinflammation and promotes the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by deubiquitinating C/EBPβ.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is closely associated with AD pathogenesis. Abnormal deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) expression is associated with neuroinflammation.