Study on the mechanism of anti-pulmonary fibrosis action of amygdalin based on transcriptomics and metabolomics.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is closely associated with many chronic lung diseases. Amygdalin has antitussive and asthmatic properties and may play a role in intervening in PF. This study was to investigate the effects of amygdalin on bleomycin-induced PF in rats by integrating pharmacodynamics, transcriptomics, and untargeted metabolomics.

Enhanced coordination interaction with multi-site binding ligands for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

Conventional passivating ligands bind to perovskite surfaces through only a single active site, which not only creates a resistive barrier due to dense ligand packing but also restricts the enhancement of device stability. Here, we identify an antimony chloride-N,N-dimethyl selenourea complex, Sb(SU)Cl, as a multi-anchoring ligand to significantly enhance perovskite crystallinity, suppress defect formation, and dramatically improve moisture resistance and overall stability. As a result, we achieve a power conversion efficiency of 25.

Perturbed gut microbiota and serum metabolites are associated with progressive renal fibrosis.

Introduction: The intricate pathogenesis of renal fibrosis necessitates identifying biomarkers at various stages to facilitate targeted therapeutic interventions, which would enhance patient survival rates and significantly improve prognosis.

Methods: We investigated the changes in gut microbiota and serum metabolites during the early, middle, and late stages of renal fibrosis in rats using 16S rDNA sequencing and UPLC-QTOF/MS-based metabolomics.

Results: We identified 5, 21, and 14 potential gut microbial markers and 19, 23, and 31 potential metabolic markers in the MOD1, MOD2, and MOD4 groups, respectively.

A comprehensive study of multiscale pore structural characteristics in deep-buried coals of different ranks.

The pore structure characteristics of coal significantly influence its gas adsorption and desorption capacity, as well as gas migration, playing a crucial role in the development of coalbed methane and the management of gas-related disasters. To investigate the pore distribution characteristics of coal in-depth, pore data for coal samples with varying degrees of metamorphism were obtained using low-pressure nitrogen adsorption (LPGA-N), low-pressure CO adsorption (LPGA-CO) methods, and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Multiscale pore size distributions were constructed for three types of coal samples.

Fertilizer types and nitrogen rates integrated strategy for achieving sustainable quinoa yield and dynamic soil nutrient-water distribution at high altitude.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a crop particularly adapted to high-altitude environments characterized by significant variability in climate and soil conditions Fertilization is essential for providing nutrients and influencing soil nutrient cycling and hydrological dynamics. This study aimed to optimize fertilizer type and nitrogen (N) application rates to improve soil nutrient availability, moisture retention, and quinoa yield.

Metagenomics and metabolomics to investigate the effect of Amygdalus mongolica oil on intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites in rats.

Background: Renal fibrosis (RF) is an inevitable consequence of multiple manifestations of progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Mechanism of Amygdalus mongolica (Maxim.) in the treatment of RF needs further investigation.

The impact of traditional Chinese medicine and dietary compounds on modulating gut microbiota in hepatic fibrosis: A review.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and dietary compounds have a profound influence on the regulation of gut microbiota (GM) in hepatic fibrosis (HF). Certain substances found in both food and herbs that are edible and medicinal, such as dietary fiber, polyphenols, and polysaccharides, can generate beneficial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), and tryptophan (Trp). These compounds contribute to regulate the GM, reduce levels of endotoxins in the liver, and alleviate fibrosis and inflammation in the liver.

CCR7/DUSP1 signaling Axis mediates iCAF to regulates head and neck squamous cell carcinoma growth.

Objective: C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) significantly influences tumors onset and progression, yet its impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and specific mechanisms remain elusive. Inflammatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (iCAF), a vital subtype of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAF), play a critical role in regulating the TME and tumor growth, though the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aims to determine whether CCR7 participates in tumor regulation by iCAF and to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved.

Conjugation-Broken Dimer Acceptors Enable High-Efficiency, Stable, and Flexibility-Robust Organic Solar Cells.

Dimer acceptors in organic solar cells (OSCs) offer distinct advantages, including a well-defined molecular structure and excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility. Their high glass transition temperature (T) aids in achieving an optimal kinetic morphology, thereby enhancing device stability. Currently, most of dimer acceptor materials are linked with conjugated units in order to obtain high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs).

High-accuracy classification and origin traceability of peanut kernels based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy using Adaboost - Maximum uncertainty linear discriminant analysis.

Peanut kernels, known for their high nutritional value and palatability, are classified as nut food. In this study, peanut kernel samples from six distinct cities in Shandong Province, China, were examined to categorize and trace their origins. Near-infrared (NIR) spectra of samples were captured using a portable NIR-M-R2 spectrometer.

Prediction of cognitive scores by joint use of movie-watching fMRI connectivity and eye tracking via Attention-CensNet.

Background: Brain functional connectivity under the naturalistic paradigm has been shown to be better at predicting individual behaviors than other brain states, such as rest and doing tasks. Nevertheless, the state-of-the-art methods have found it difficult to achieve desirable results from movie-watching paradigm functional magnetic resonance imaging (mfMRI) -induced brain functional connectivity, especially when there are fewer datasets. Incorporating other physical measurements into the prediction method may enhance accuracy.

A novel non-chemically amplified resist based on polystyrene-iodonium derivatives for electron beam lithography.

To break the resolution limitation of traditional resists, more work is needed on non-chemically amplified resists (non-CARs). Non-CARs based on iodonium salt modified polystyrene (PS-I) were prepared with controllable molecular weight and structure. The properties of the resist can be adjusted by the uploading of iodonium salts on the polymer chain, the materials with a higher proportion of iodonium salts show better lithography performance.

Analysis of the effect of CCR7 on the microenvironment of mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma by single-cell RNA sequencing technology.

Background: Studies have shown that CCR7, an important inflammatory factor, can promote the proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. This paper explores the role of CCR7 in the TME of OSCC.

Methods: In this work, we constructed CCR7 gene knockout mice and OSCC mouse models.

CCR7 affects the tumor microenvironment by regulating the activation of naïve CD8 T cells to promote the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck cancer, being one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. CC Chemokine receptor 7(CCR7) is a multifunctional G protein-coupled trans-membrane chemokine that affects immune cell chemotaxis, migration, and cancer progression through its interaction with its ligands C-C motif chemokine ligand 19(CCL19) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 21(CCL21). Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of CCR7 in the malignant progression of a variety of cancers, reflecting the pro-cancer properties of CCR7.

Research on psychophysiological characteristics of construction workers during consciously unsafe behaviors.

Workers' unsafe behavior is a primary cause leading to falling accidents on construction sites. This study aimed to explore how to utilize psychophysiological characteristics to predict consciously unsafe behaviors of construction workers. In this paper, a psychological questionnaire was compiled to measure risky psychology, and wireless wearable physiological recorders were employed to real-timely measure the physiological signals of subjects.

Fiber laser strain sensor based on an optical phase-locked loop.

In this Letter, we present a high-strain resolution fiber laser-based sensor (FLS) by a novel optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) interrogation technique based on a root mean square detector (RMSD). The sensor consists of a distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser as a master laser for strain sensing and a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) as a reference. The laser carrier locks to the reference by the PDH technique, and the single sideband laser working as a slave laser locks to the DFB sensing element using the OPLL technique, respectively.

Chemically Amplified Molecular Glass Photoresist Regulated by 2-Aminoanthracene Additive for Electron Beam Lithography and Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography.

2-Aminoanthracene was used as a nucleophilic additive in a molecular glass photoresist, bisphenol A derivative (BPA-6-epoxy), to improve advanced lithography performance. The effect of 2-aminoanthracene on BPA-6-epoxy was studied by electron beam lithography (EBL) and extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). The result indicates that the additive can optimize the pattern outline by regulating epoxy cross-linking reaction, avoiding photoresist footing effectively in EBL.

Evolutionary Model and Experimental Validation of Gas-Bearing Coal Permeability under Negative Pressure Conditions.

Coal bed methane drainage is the main approach to lower risks of coal seam while raising the efficiency in natural resource utilization. The negative pressure used for extraction in coal mines is largely determined empirically due to a lack of experimental research on how coal permeability changes under the combined influence of effective stress and negative pressure. This results in low gas extraction efficiency and concentration.

Near-Infrared Acceptors with Imide-Containing End Groups for Organic Solar Cells.

Near-infrared electron acceptors for organic solar cells (OSCs) mostly contain electron-withdrawing 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (IC) end groups, which can be modified by but limited to phenyl, thienyl, and naphthyl units with halogenated, methyl, and methyloxy substitution. In this work, we employed an imide-containing unit to construct a new IC end group, based on which a series of new electron acceptors were synthesized. The strong electron-deficient nature of imide units enables the new acceptors to show efficient intramolecular charge transfer and hence red-shifted absorption spectra compared to their IC counterparts.

Research Progress of Pectin Methylesterase and its Inhibitors.

As an important pectin enzyme, pectin methylesterase (PME) can hydrolyze methyl esters, release methanol and reduce esterification. It is essential in regulating pollen tube development, root extension, and fruit ripening. Pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEI) can specifically bind PME and inhibit its activity, which jointly determines the esterification degree of pectin.

CC chemokine receptor 7 promotes macrophage recruitment and induces M2-polarization through CC chemokine ligand 19&21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) on the recruitment and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: We analyzed CCR7 expression pattern, clinicopathological significance, and its association with M2 macrophage infiltration in OSCC by bioinformatic methods. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was utilized to silence CCR7 in OSCC cells.

Lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kazakh traditional fermented milk products affect the fermentation characteristics and sensory qualities of yogurt.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a crucial role in the development of the taste, texture, and aroma of traditional fermented milk products. Five LABs from Kazakh traditionally prepared dairy products showed continuous subculture stability, as well as proper acidification and coagulation ability. They were identified as (1-5, 1-7), (1-19), and (1-12, 1-15).

Research Progress in Human AP Endonuclease 1: Structure, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibitors.

The high stability of phosphodiester bonds is considered to be one of the important reasons for the genetic role of nucleic acids, and their cleavage is also the core of many key biochemical processes, including DNA replication/ repair, and RNA processing/ degradation. As an important part of the base excision repair (BER) pathway, human apurinic/ apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is indispensable for the repair of abasic sites and other DNA damage, including ionizing radiation, DNA covalently bonding induced by cytotoxic antitumor drugs, etc. For tumor cells, the DNA repair activity of APE1 may lead to the occurrence of radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance.