Dual-Cation Solvation Polymer Gel for Ultra-Stable Zn Anodes in Rechargeable Flexible Zn-Air Batteries.

In semi-open rechargeable flexible zinc-air batteries (RFZABs), the polymer gel electrolyte, influenced by high-water-activity solvation structures during cycling, experiences slow ion conduction and severe dendrite growth, significantly reducing the durability of the zinc anode. This limits its application and development in wearable RFZABs. Thus, modifying the traditional single Zn solvation structure is crucial for enhancing anode stability.

Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms: a randomized clinical trial and efficacy sensitivity biomarkers.

Negative symptoms in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) are notably persistent and minimally affected by antipsychotics, the transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a promising treatment approach. However, clinical trials are scarce, and further efficacy data are needed. We conducted a double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy and safety of taVNS as an add-on treatment for patients with TRS with predominantly negative symptoms and to investigate potential biomarkers of efficacy.

Tanshinone IIA suppresses fibro-adipogenic progenitor differentiation and attenuates fat infiltration in rotator cuff injury via Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) contribute to excessive muscular fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tears (RCT), impairing shoulder function. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a major active compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has known anti-adipogenic effects, yet its impact on FAP adipogenesis remains unclear.

Methods: Human FAPs from rotator cuff muscles were isolated via FACS, cultured, and treated with Tan IIA.

Mg doped SnO electron transport layer enhances planar all inorganic perovskite solar cells efficiency.

The electron transport layer (ETL) plays a crucial role in fabricating efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among the various alternatives to TiO for electron transport layers (ETLs), tin oxide (SnO) has emerged as a highly promising candidate due to its outstanding potential. However, improvements in SnO materials remain necessary due to inherent limitations, such as low conductivity, high energy barrier, and interfacial defects.

Exploring the effect and mechanism of fucoidan on liver cancer depending on network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Objective: This research investigates the anti-liver cancer mechanisms of fucoidan by integrating network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and validation.

Methods: Potential targets of fucoidan were first predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction platform. Subsequently, targets associated with liver cancer were identified through data extraction from three established databases: GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD, and the intersection between the targets of fucoidan and liver cancer was identified.

Paeonol protects against cisplatin-induced premature ovarian failure via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities: an integrated approach of network pharmacology, molecular dynamics simulation, and experimental validation.

Cisplatin (CIS), a widely used platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent, often induces ovarian toxicity that severely threatens female reproductive health. Paeonol (PAE), a bioactive compound found in peony, exhibits multiple pharmacological activities. This study investigates the multitarget protective mechanisms of PAE against cisplatin-induced premature ovarian failure (POF) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Genome-environment association analysis reveals climate-driven adaptation of chickens.

Background: Domestic chickens are one of the most widely raised and distributed bird species, exhibiting remarkable environmental adaptability, which makes them valuable model organisms for investigating the genetic mechanisms underlying climate adaptation. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of adaptive mechanisms in chickens by jointly analyzing genomic variations and climatic variables related to temperature and precipitation. To this end, whole-genome sequencing data were collected from 199 indigenous domestic chickens raised under diverse environmental conditions worldwide, and three genome-environment association analyses were performed.

Grain Refinement and Porous Architecture Boost Charge Transport and Rate Kinetics in MOF-Derived CoP@C for Battery-Type Hybrid Supercapacitors with Improved Power and Durability.

Metal phosphides have emerged as competitive candidates for supercapacitors owing to their metallic conductivity and ultrahigh theoretical capacitance. Nevertheless, their practical implementation is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and structural degradation during cycling. Herein, we propose a synergistic strategy integrating grain refinement and hierarchical porosity design through pyrolysis of ZIF-67, fabricating structurally optimized CoO@C and CoP@C electrode materials.

Prognosis, risk factors and prediction modeling of recurrent pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is widely present in clinical practice and can cause recurrent infections. However, the prognosis for recurrence and the risk factors leading to its recurrence are unclear.

Aim: The study was aim to explore the prognosis and risk factors for recurrent P.

Epidemiological insights and clinical management of paediatric kala-azar in Shanxi Province (2014-2023): retrospective analysis of case characteristics and therapeutic strategies.

Background: From 2019 to 2020, Shanxi Province reported the highest incidence of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) in China. Despite this, research on the disease in paediatric populations, particularly in the Shanxi region, remains limited. No comprehensive data have been published on the occurrence and clinical characteristics of kala-azar in children within this region.

Phase and Valence State Engineering of MOFs-Derived Iron Oxide@Carbon Polyhedrons for Advanced Microwave Absorption.

MOFs-derived magnetic carbon-based composites are considered to be valuable materials for the design of high-performance microwave absorbents. Regulating phase structures and introducing mixed-valence states within the composites is a promising strategy to enhance their charge transfer properties, resulting in improved microwave absorption performance. In this study, iron oxide components show a temperature-dependent phase evolution process (α-FeO→FeO→FeO/FeO), during which the valence states of iron ions are regulated.

Wearable, Breathable, and Wireless Gas Sensor Enables Highly Selective Exhaled Ammonia Detection and Real-Time Noninvasive Illness Diagnosis.

Wearable gas sensors capable of real-time analysis of exhaled breath have been identified as ideal devices for noninvasive illness diagnosis. However, due to their inherent rigidity and brittleness, as well as high cross-sensitivity, conventional semiconductor gas sensors face significant challenges in achieving high flexibility, robustness, and selective exhaled breath analysis. Herein, we propose a wearable gas sensor by anchoring a SnS nanosheets/polyaniline (PANI) sensing layer in situ onto a permeable and flexible yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanofiber substrate for the analysis of exhaled NH.

Stacking Order Regulated Coherent Shear Phonons in Octahedral MoTe Revealed by Ultrafast Electron Microscopy.

Manipulation of the stacking order between layers in two-dimensional layered van der Waals materials provides a fascinating platform for exploring exotic phenomena. Femtosecond laser offers the capability to instantaneously modulate the lattice structure and even stacking order of layered materials, and vice versa, changes in stacking order may affect ultrafast structural dynamics. Here, we use ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) to investigate the laser-excited lattice dynamics in T' and Td phases of octahedral MoTe.

Perturbed gut microbiota and serum metabolites are associated with progressive renal fibrosis.

Introduction: The intricate pathogenesis of renal fibrosis necessitates identifying biomarkers at various stages to facilitate targeted therapeutic interventions, which would enhance patient survival rates and significantly improve prognosis.

Methods: We investigated the changes in gut microbiota and serum metabolites during the early, middle, and late stages of renal fibrosis in rats using 16S rDNA sequencing and UPLC-QTOF/MS-based metabolomics.

Results: We identified 5, 21, and 14 potential gut microbial markers and 19, 23, and 31 potential metabolic markers in the MOD1, MOD2, and MOD4 groups, respectively.

Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Verification of Weinaian Capsule for Treating Gastric Cancer.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used to treat gastric cancer, but the effect of the Weinaian capsule on gastric cancer is still unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to find the potential therapeutic targets and pharmacological mechanisms of Weinaian capsule in gastric cancer.

Methods: We employed the network pharmacological analysis to find the therapeutic targets.

Regeneration leads to global tissue rejuvenation in aging sexual planarians.

The possibility of reversing the adverse impacts of aging could significantly reduce age-related diseases and improve quality of life in older populations. Here we report that the sexual lineage of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea exhibits physiological decline within 18 months of birth, including altered tissue architecture, impaired fertility and motility, and increased oxidative stress. Single-cell profiling of young and older planarian heads uncovered loss of neurons and muscle, increase of glia, and revealed minimal changes in somatic pluripotent stem cells, along with molecular signatures of aging across tissues.

Room-Temperature Wearable Chemiresistor Based on a Flexible Inorganic Photoactive Anatase-Rutile TiO/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Nanofiber Network.

Wearable gas sensors offer remarkable advantages in terms of portability and real-time monitoring, rendering them highly promising for various applications such as environmental detection, health monitoring, and early disease diagnosis. However, the most widely used oxide semiconductor gas sensors encounter substantial challenges in achieving mechanical flexibility and room-temperature gas detection due to their inherent rigidity, brittleness, and reliance on high operating temperatures. Herein, an all-inorganic wearable oxide semiconductor gas sensor is fabricated by depositing the anatase/rutile TiO (TiO-A/R) homojunction on a flexible yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanofiber substrate using atomic layer deposition technology.

Comparative genomics uncovers evolutionary drivers of locust migratory adaptation.

Background: Locust migration is one of the main causes of locust plagues. While existing research has highlighted the adaptive migratory capabilities of locusts, the evolutionary patterns of their migration remain elusive. This study aims to explore these evolutionary patterns of locust migratory behavior at the genomic level.

Unfractionated heparin attenuated histone-induced pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx injury through Ang/Tie2 pathway.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the involvement of angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie2 pathway in mediating pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx injury in histone-induced acute lung injury in mice, and the protective mechanism of unfractionated heparin (UFH).

Methods: Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g), 8-12 weeks old, were randomly divided into control, histone, and histone + UFH groups. The histone (50 mg/kg) was administered via tail vein.

Comprehensive evaluation of compound Kushen injection combined with zoledronic acid in treating bone metastasis cancer pain based on meta-analysis and decision tree model.

Objective: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of combining Compound Kushen Injection (CKI) with zoledronic acid in the treatment of bone metastasis-induced cancer pain in malignant tumors.

Methods: A comprehensive search of Chinese and English databases identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating CKI combined with zoledronic acid for bone metastases in malignancies. Methodological quality assessments were performed on all included studies, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.

Unveiling the role of ASPP1 in cancer progression: pan-cancer bioinformatics and experimental validation in colorectal cancer.

Background: The Apoptosis-Stimulating Protein of P53 (ASPP) family contributes to apoptosis regulation and tumor suppression, with ASPP1 influencing processes like cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Its expression varies across cancer types, suggesting a potential role in oncogenesis.

Methods: This study investigates ASPP1's role across various cancers using a comprehensive bioinformatics approach.

Identifying Novel Therapeutic Opportunities for Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Bioinformatics Approach to Drug Repositioning and Herbal Medicine Prediction.

Background: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a debilitating cardiovascular disorder that challenges current therapeutic strategies. The exploration of novel drug repositioning opportunities through gene expression analysis offers a promising avenue for discovering effective treatments.

Objective: This study aims to identify potential drug repositioning opportunities and lead compounds for DCM treatment by optimizing gene expression characteristics using published data.

Amorphous organic-hybrid vanadium oxide for near-barrier-free ultrafast-charging aqueous zinc-ion battery.

Fast-charging metal-ion batteries are essential for advancing energy storage technologies, but their performance is often limited by the high activation energy (E) required for ion diffusion in solids. Addressing this challenge has been particularly difficult for multivalent ions like Zn. Here, we present an amorphous organic-hybrid vanadium oxide (AOH-VO), featuring one-dimensional chains arranged in a disordered structure with atomic/molecular-level pores for promoting hierarchical ion diffusion pathways and reducing Zn interactions with the solid skeleton.

Histone-acetyl epigenome regulates TGF-β pathway-associated chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.

TGF-β signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be closely related to chemoresistance, which is the major cause of recurrence and poor outcome in colorectal cancer (CRC), however, the comprehensive epigenetic landscape that functionally implicates in the regulation of TGF-β pathway-associated chemoresistance has not yet well established in CRC. In our study, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and Western blot were employed to investigate epigenetic modifications for histones in response to TGF-β1 intervene. We found that the activation of the TGF-β pathway was characterized by genome-wide high levels of H3K9ac and H3K18ac.

Angiopoietin-2 as a prognostic biomarker in septic adult patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The impairment of endothelial function represents a key pathophysiological mechanism in the development of sepsis. This research aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), an endothelial biomarker, in predicting mortality in sepsis patients.

Methods: Chinese and English studies were systematically retrieved in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, WanFang, CNKI, CQVIP, and CBM databases up to July 16, 2023.