Environmental impact of atmospheric inorganic nitrogen wet deposition in the interaction influence area of atmospheric circulation.

The continuous increase in atmospheric wet nitrogen deposition resulting from human activities has had a profound impact on the biodiversity and ecological balance of the Tibetan Plateau. The Three Rivers Headwater Region, situated in the central part of the plateau, influences atmospheric circulation and is an important source of water in China. However, owing to the limited availability of comprehensive monitoring data, the understafnding of nitrogen deposition and its sources in the study area remains limited, hindering our understanding of its temporal and spatial patterns and influencing factors.

Space-Confined Electrocatalysis for Water Splitting: Synthesis, Performances, and Reaction Mechanism of Nanomaterials Toward High-Performance Catalysis.

Water splitting represents a sustainable and environmentally benign approach for green hydrogen generation and future clean energy solutions. In this context, space-confined synthesis has emerged as a powerful strategy for engineering high-performance electrocatalysts. Recent studies have demonstrated that low-dimensional nanomaterials synthesized via confinement techniques exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic properties.

Enhanced stability and efficiency in perovskite solar cells via mixed-metal chalcohalide-alloyed formamidinium lead iodide.

Achieving long-term stability in halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains challenging due to their susceptibility to environmental degradation. Enhancing material stability at the intrinsic level offers a pathway to more durable solutions. This study addresses the instability of halide perovskites by enhancing ionic binding energy and alleviating lattice strain through the mixed metal chalcohalide into formamidinium lead tri-iodide (FAPbI₃).

Epidemiological and Population Characteristics of Seroprevalence of TTIs Among Voluntary Blood Donors - Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China, 2014-2023.

Introduction: Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) pose significant public health challenges. Screening potential blood donors for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Treponema pallidum (TP), along with ongoing monitoring of epidemiological data on TTIs among donors, is essential to ensure blood safety.

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of the seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and anti-TP among 3,111,265 blood donation events in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2023, investigating their relationships with demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and donation status.

Alkoxy Side Chain Engineering in Metal-Free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Oxygen Reduction.

Metal-free covalent organic frameworks (COFs) gain significant attention as catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a key process in energy conversion technologies like fuel cells and metal-air batteries. While substantial efforts are devoted to unravelling the mechanisms, by which heteroatom-containing building blocks in linkers, vertices, and linkages, enhance catalytic activity and selectivity, the potential of side-chain engineering to modulate pore wall surfaces and optimize the catalytic environment remains largely underexplored. This study investigates the role of alkoxy side chains in modulating the properties of COFs to enhance ORR performance.

Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries hold promise as a compelling alternative to current state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost and the natural abundance of sulfur. However, the practical realization of Li-S batteries has been plagued by the longstanding trade-off issue between polysulfide shuttle suppression and Li⁺ transport. Here, we report an ion channel-gated covalent organic framework (COF) as an ionic diode membrane strategy to address this conflicting requirement.

Overcoming Photochemical Limitations in Covalent Organic Frameworks: Low-Energy Light Driven Selective O Generation Achieved by Donor-Acceptor Strategy.

Singlet oxygen (O) plays a crucial role in various photocatalytic oxidation reactions; however, achieving high-efficiency and selective O production under low-energy light remains a challenge. Herein, we present a novel donor-acceptor (D-A) strategy in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to regulate the localized electronic state structures for efficient and selective O generation under low-energy light. Notably, the rationally incorporation of the negatively charged carbonyl groups into the basal plane of the COF strengthens the D-A interaction, improves light harvesting in the lower-energy region, and facilitates highly selective O generation through a coupled charge-transfer mechanism.

Bioinoculant substitution enhances rhizosphere soil quality and maize growth by modulating microbial communities and host gene expression in alkaline soils.

The application of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as bioinoculants is widely recognized for improving crop yields and soil fertility. However, the precise mechanisms underlying their impact on rhizosphere soil quality and crop productivity remain insufficiently understood. This study elucidates how a solid bioinoculant, comprising Bacillus velezensis FZB42 and attapulgite clay, enhances rhizosphere soil quality and maize (Zea mays) growth in nutrient-deficient alkaline calcareous soils.

Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Bioequivalence of Test Insulin Glargine Versus Reference Preparation (Lantus) in Healthy Male Volunteers-By Euglycemic Clamp Technique.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of two insulin glargine preparations in healthy Chinese male subjects. Forty healthy Chinese male subjects were enrolled in this randomized, open, two-sequence, four-period, single-dose, crossover study and were randomly divided into RTRT or TRTR (first-period injection of test preparation, second-period injection of reference preparation, third-period injection of test preparation, fourth-period injection of reference preparation) groups. A 24 h euglycemic clamp test measured GIR.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin lispro 25 versus the original preparation (Humalog25) in Chinese healthy male volunteers.

There are approximately 537 million adults with diabetes worldwide, and insulin still plays an important role in its treatment. However, the long-term use of insulin imposes a significant financial burden on patients. This study aims to explore the pharmacokinetic (PK)/ pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of generic premixed insulin lispro 25 (25% insulin lispro and 75% protamine zinc lispro) and evaluate the bio-equivalence between generic and brand-name preparations to reduce medical costs while ensuring the effectiveness and safety of treatment.

Electronegative Strategic Positions in Covalent Organic Frameworks: Unlocking High-Efficiency Gold Recovery.

Gold (Au) concentrations accumulated from electronic waste (e-waste) and industrial leachates far surpass those found in natural ores, a highly valuable resource if efficient recovery methods can be developed. Despite advancements in covalent organic frameworks (COFs), achieving adsorbents with high selectivity, large capacity, and rapid adsorption kinetics remain challenging because of limitations in partial pore wall sites. Here, we present hexaazatriphenylene-based COFs (HATP-COFs) with an electronegative skeleton, specifically designed for selective Au recovery.

Fully Conjugated Benzobisoxazole-Bridged Covalent Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

2D covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) have attracted extensive interest in solar energy to hydrogen conversion. However, insufficient light harvesting and difficult exciton dissociation severely limit the improvement of photocatalytic activity for COFs, thereby impeding the progression of this advanced field. In this work, two benzobisoxazole-bridged and fully conjugated 2D-COFs with triazine (COF-JLU44) and pyrene (COF-JLU45) units were constructed for the first time via Knoevenagel polycondensation, and they hold long-range ordered structures, largely acceptable surface area, and fascinating photoelectric properties.

Tunable Catalytic Vertex Wall Chemistry in Metal-free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction.

Metal-free covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) because of their unique structural properties and notable stability. To enhance both catalytic activity and selectivity, a variety of linkers and linkages have been investigated in efforts to precisely engineer COFs. However, the impact of vertex structures within COFs on ORR catalysis remains largely underexplored.

A Fe/Zn Dual Single-Atom Nanozyme with High Peroxidase Activities for Detection of Penicillin G.

Penicillin G (PG) is a common antibiotic, and its accumulation in the environment can pose a threat to the ecological system and ultimately impact human health. Nanozymes have emerged as highly stable enzyme mimics that can be utilized as sensors to achieve the sensitive detection of specific antibiotics. Herein, we report on a dual single-atom Fe/Zn nanozyme (DSAzyme) synthesized from Fe-imidazole as the guest and zeolite imidazole framework-8 as the host.

Single-cell encoded gene silencing for high-throughput combinatorial siRNA screening.

The use of combinatorial siRNAs shows great promise for drug discovery, but the identification of safe and effective siRNA combinations remains challenging. Here, we develop a massively multiplexed technology for systematic screening of siRNA-based cocktail therapeutics. We employ composite micro-carriers that are responsive to near infrared light and magnetic field to achieve photoporation-facilitated siRNA transfection to individual cells.

A Solvent-Free Covalent Organic Framework Single-Ion Conductor Based on Ion-Dipole Interaction for All-Solid-State Lithium Organic Batteries.

Single-ion conductors based on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered attention as a potential alternative to currently prevalent inorganic ion conductors owing to their structural uniqueness and chemical versatility. However, the sluggish Li conduction has hindered their practical applications. Here, we present a class of solvent-free COF single-ion conductors (Li-COF@P) based on weak ion-dipole interaction as opposed to traditional strong ion-ion interaction.

Direct Electroplating Ruthenium Precursor on the Surface Oxidized Nickel Foam for Efficient and Stable Bifunctional Alkaline Water Electrolysis.

Water electrolysis to produce hydrogen (H) using renewable energy is one of the most promising candidates for realizing carbon neutrality, but its reaction kinetics is hindered by sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Ruthenium (Ru) in its high-valence state (oxide) provides one of the most active OER sites and is less costly, but thermodynamically unstable. The strong interaction between Ru nanoparticles (NPs) and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)) is leveraged to directly form Ru-Ni(OH) on the surface of a porous nickel foam (NF) electrode via spontaneous galvanic replacement reaction.

Vertebrates on a Chip: Noninvasive Electrical and Optical Mapping of Whole Brain Activity Associated with Pharmacological Treatments.

Mapping brain activities is necessary for understanding brain physiology and discovering new treatments for neurological disorders. Such efforts have greatly benefited from the advancement in technologies for analyzing neural activity with improving temporal or spatial resolution. Here, we constructed a multielectrode array based brain activity mapping (BAM) system capable of stabilizing and orienting zebrafish larvae for recording electroencephalogram (EEG) like local field potential (LFP) signals and brain-wide calcium dynamics in awake zebrafish.

Advanced perioperative assessment of neurological function in acute Stanford A aortic dissection.

Objective: Acute Stanford Type A aortic dissection (AAAD) is a critical condition in vascular surgery, and total aortic arch replacement surgery is the preferred method to save patients' lives. In recent years, as clinical research has advanced, there has been a growing realization of the close association between poor postoperative outcomes in patients and neurological functional deficits. Neurological function monitoring is a medical technique used to evaluate and monitor the functional status of the nervous system.

Light-Gating Crystalline Porous Covalent Organic Frameworks.

We report light gating in synthetic one-dimensional nanochannels of stable crystalline porous covalent organic frameworks. The frameworks consist of 2D hexagonal skeletons that are extended over the - plane and stacked along the -direction to create dense yet aligned 1D mesoporous channels. The pores are designed to be photoadaptable by covalently integrating tetrafluoro-substituted azobenzene units onto edges, which protrude from walls and offer light-gating machinery confined in the channels.

The Analysis of Transition Readiness of Adolescent Epilepsy Patients from Childhood to Adult from the Perspective of Disease Self-management: A Cross-sectional Study in Southwest China.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the transition readiness of juvenile epilepsy patients during the transition period from childhood to adulthood and analyze the impact of patients' basic characteristics and self-management on their transition readiness.

Methods: A total of 376 adolescent epileptic patients were selected as research objects from 3A general hospitals located in Chongqing, Guizhou, and Yunnan respectively, and a 3A children's specialist hospital in Chongqing, Jiangxi from May 2021 to February 2022. The readiness for transition was assessed using a transition readiness questionnaire, and patients' self-management skills were evaluated using the Self-Management Scale for Epilepsy Patients.