Epitaxial growth of nano-interconnected catalysts on Cu dendrites with fast gas bubble delivery for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction.

The water electrolysis process, involving multiple electron transfer steps, is inherently hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and inefficient mass transport, highlighting the need for advanced electrocatalysts with enhanced activity and durability. In this study, a rapid epitaxial solution combustion method combined with a displacement reaction on iron foam (IF) enabled the fabrication of pine-leaf-shaped dendritic electrodes (PLS-TMOs/CuO/Cu/IF) featuring a hierarchical porous surface. The arrangement of the pine-leaf-shaped dendrites, with their high hydrophilicity, reduces bubble aggregation and facilitates efficient gas release and transport through directional channels.

Biomaterials-Involved Construction of Extracellular Matrices for Tumor Blockade Therapy.

Extracellular matrices (ECMs) play a crucial role in the onset and progression of tumors by providing structural support and promoting the proliferation and metastases of tumor cells. Current therapeutic approaches targeting tumor ECMs focus on two main strategies: Inhibiting matrix degradation to prevent metastases and facilitating matrix degradation to enhance the penetration of drugs and immune cells. However, these strategies may lead to unintended consequences, such as tumor growth promotion, drug resistance, and side effects like fibrotic changes in healthy tissues.

Research Progress on Phosphorus/Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Phosphorus-based anode materials exhibit a high theoretical specific capacity as negative electrodes in sodium ion batteries. However, their low conductivity necessitates compounding with carbon materials. The alloying process between phosphorus and sodium in phosphorus/carbon anodes results in significant volume expansion, leading to phosphorus powdering and detachment, thereby compromising the battery cycle life.

YOD1 regulates oxidative damage of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease by deubiquitinating PKM2.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative movement disorder, mainly characterized by the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress is considered to be a key contributor to dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, triggering a series of downstream events such as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and misfolded protein aggregation, which ultimately exacerbate the development of PD. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) regulate oxidative stress, but their roles in PD remain unclear.

Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent of neuroprotective extracts from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. root: Process optimization, compositions characterization, and neuroprotective activity validation.

The objective of this study was to efficiently extract components with neuroprotective activity from the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (RPL). The neuroprotective extracts of RPL were extracted by ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) method, and optimized by response surface methodology with PC12 cell viability as a guide.

Plasma proteomic profiling of hospitalized patients co-infected with HIV and SARS-CoV-2.

Background: The interaction between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections presents a critical challenge to immunopathogenesis. While HIV infection induces progressive CD4 T cell depletion and chronic immune dysfunction, SARS-CoV-2 triggers complex host responses, ranging from localized antiviral defense to systemic hyperinflammation. We aimed to illustrate the plasma proteomic profiles of hospitalized patients coinfected with HIV and SARS-CoV-2.

OsSARD1 Orchestrates the Ca/OsCaM1-Guided Transcriptional Regulation of OsDREB1A/1B/1H Regulons Under Chilling in Rice.

The Ca/calmodulins (CaMs) mediate the signalling in chilling in plants. However, how SAR Deficient 1 (SARD1), a Ca/CaMs-regulated CALMODULIN-BINDING PROTEIN 60 (CBP60) family protein, regulates the CBF/DREB1 regulon in the chilling response remains unknown in rice. Here, transgenics experiments identified the positive regulation of OsSARD1, OsCaM1-1 and OsDREB1A/1B/1H to chilling in rice seedlings.

OTUD1 positively regulates microglia neuroinflammation and promotes the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by deubiquitinating C/EBPβ.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is closely associated with AD pathogenesis. Abnormal deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) expression is associated with neuroinflammation.

A comprehensive review of dredged marine sediments -multiple roles of utilization in cement-based materials and construction products.

Dredged marine sediments (DMS), produced during harbor maintenance and waterway development, pose significant environmental and disposal challenges. Increasingly, research has focused on their potential reuse in construction materials, offering a sustainable alternative to waste disposal and promoting resource conservation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the potential application of DMS in cementitious systems, exploring their multiple roles as alternative binders or aggregates in sustainable practices.

Amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide with strong electronic communication to boost water/simulated seawater splitting.

Exploring bifunctional transition metal-based oxysulfide with high activities, corrosion resistance and reaction selectivity is a promising strategy to realize efficient water/seawater splitting. Here, amorphous, high entropy and heterostructure strategies are coupled to construct the amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide (a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO) by one-step intermittent electrodeposition. With the strong interfacial electronic communication, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO shows high bifunctional activities with low overpotentials for hydrogen evolution reaction (47/63 mV) and oxygen evolution reaction (216/220 mV) at 10 mA cm in alkaline water/simulated seawater, respectively.

Discovery of c-Kit as a New Therapeutic Target in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Novel Phenylamide Derivative D9.

Discovering effective anti-inflammatory drugs and targets is a critical research priority. Herein, 28 novel phenylamide derivatives were designed and synthesized. Compound showed favorable anti-inflammatory activities in acute lung injury (ALI) and sepsis mouse models.

Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a reliable diagnostic biomarker for sepsis in patients with HIV.

Sepsis is a leading cause of death among patients with HIV, but early diagnosis remains a challenge. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of monocyte distribution width (MDW) in detecting sepsis in patients with HIV. A prospective observational study was conducted at Shanghai Public Health Center, involving 488 hospitalized patients with HIV aged 18-65 between December 2022 and August 2023.

Physicochemical Properties and Cytoprotective Effects on PC12 Cells of Polysaccharides from (L.) DC. Obtained via a Gradient Ethanol Precipitation Method.

Given that the preparation method of polysaccharides affects the functional properties, four types of acidic polysaccharides (BCP30-1a, BCP50-1a, BCP70-1a, and BCP90-1a) were prepared using the gradient ethanol precipitation method. Then, a series of chemical and instrumental analysis techniques were used to compare structural characteristics and morphology. Neuroprotective effects were explored using OGD/R-induced PC12 cells.

YOD1 regulates microglial homeostasis by deubiquitinating MYH9 to promote the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major form of dementia in the elderly and is closely related to the toxic effects of microglia sustained activation. In AD, sustained microglial activation triggers impaired synaptic pruning, neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, and cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant expression of deubiquitinating enzymes is associated with regulating microglia function.

Advances in the development of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors.

Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) can hydrolyze cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which is critical for maintaining various physiological processes in organisms. Currently, clinically approved indications for PDE5 inhibitors encompass therapeutic agents for erectile dysfunction (ED), symptoms associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Despite the fact that the development of selective PDE5 inhibitors has been a significant focus in drug development for some time following the proven success of sildenafil as a PDE5 inhibitor for ED treatment, fewer than ten drugs in this therapeutic class have been marketed in the past 25 years, often accompanied by adverse effects.

Two new phytoecdysteroids isolated from .

Two new phytoecdysteroids, (24)-20,26-dihydroxy-24(28)-dehydro-28-methyl-ecdysone (), (24)-22,25-epoxy-2,3,14,20-tetrahydroxyergosta-7,24(28)-dien-28-methyl-6-one (), together with eleven known compounds (-) were isolated from the whole plant of L. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS and compared with data from the literature. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on NO, TNF-α and IL-6 production in LPS-induced RAW 264.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding keratopathy among diabetic patients.

Background: This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding keratopathy among diabetic patients.

Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between May 26, 2023, and September 18, 2023, at Yantai Shan Hospital and Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital. Demographic information and KAP were assessed through the distribution of questionnaires.

Pedunculoside alleviates cognitive deficits and neuronal cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling cascade.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as an early pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are pivotal in the initiation of neuronal cell apoptosis. Pedunculoside(Ped), a novel triterpene saponin derived from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect.

Reactions of an Anionic Gallylene with Azobenzene or Azide Compounds Through C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H Activation.

The activation of inert C-H bonds remains a challenge in current chemistry. Here, we report the excellent reactivity of the anionic gallylene species [LGa:][Na(THF)] (L = [(2,6-PrCH)NC(CH)], ) that allows the selective activation one sp C-H bond of several azobenzene and azide derivatives at ambient temperature, with the transfer of the hydrogen atom to one of the nitrogen atoms. The process leads to the formation of the aryl amido products [LGa-κN,C-PhNN(H)(-R-CH)][Na(solvent)] (, R = H solvent = DME (1,2-Dimethoxyethane); , R = -OMe, solvent = DME; , R = -NMe solvent = THF), [LGa-κN,C-(-CH-CH)NN(H)(-CH-CH)][Na(15-C-5)] () with new Ga-C and Ga-N bonds.

Light δD apatites reveal deep origin water in North China Craton intracontinental granites and basalts.

Water is essential to the formation of intracontinental granites, but its origin remains elusive. Here we address this scientific problem by analyzing D/H isotopes of apatites, hydrous minerals in Jurassic and Early Cretaceous granites and basalts from eastern North China Craton, where water was previously interpreted as derived from subducting slab. Results reveal extremely low δD values in pristine Early Cretaceous granitic (-203‰ to -127‰) and basaltic (-197‰ to -107‰) apatites, contrasting with relatively high δD values (-137‰ to -47‰) in Jurassic granites.

Two new phenolic glycosides from the roots of (L.) Goldblatt & Mabb and their cytotoxic activity.

Two new phenolic glycosides, Diplostephioside D () and Diplostephioside E () together with ten known phenols (-) were isolated from the dried roots of (L.) Goldblatt & Mabb. Among them, compounds - have not been reported previously from the family Iridaceae.

Research, Development and Pharmacological Activity of Sinomenine and Its Derivatives.

In this manuscript, the resource distribution, pharmacological activity, pharma-cokinetics of sinomenine and the structure, synthesis, biological activity and mechanism of sinomenine derivatives reported from 2000 to December 2023 were reviewed. The lit-erature was retrieved through Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, SciFiner Scholar and other websites. Sinomenine belongs to isoquinoline alkaloids and was extracted from the Chinese herb Sinomenium acutum root.

Linderanine C regulates macrophage polarization by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway against ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory disease involving the mucosa and submucosa of the rectum and colon. Lindera aggregate (Sims) Kosterm is a traditional Chinese herb used for thousands of years in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Previously, we have demonstrated that the extracts of Lindera aggregate have good anti-UC effects, but their pharmacodynamic active components have not been fully clarified.

Revealing the Effect of the Microstructure on Potassium Storage Behavior in a Two-Dimensional Mesoporous Carbon Anode.

Hard carbon is considered as the most promising anode material for potassium-ion energy storage devices. Substantial progress has been made in exploring advanced hard carbons to solve the issues of sluggish kinetics and large volume changes caused by the large radius of K. However, the relationship between their complicated microstructures and the K charge storage behavior is still not fully explored.

Efficient degradation and enhanced anticomplementary activity of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. polysaccharides via trifluoroacetic acid treatment with different degrees.

The degradation of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. polysaccharides was carried out by five concentrations of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (1-5 mol/L), and their physicochemical properties, degradation kinetics and anticomplementary activity were investigated.