Research Progress on Phosphorus/Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Phosphorus-based anode materials exhibit a high theoretical specific capacity as negative electrodes in sodium ion batteries. However, their low conductivity necessitates compounding with carbon materials. The alloying process between phosphorus and sodium in phosphorus/carbon anodes results in significant volume expansion, leading to phosphorus powdering and detachment, thereby compromising the battery cycle life.

Latrophilin mediates flow activation of Notch to control vascular endothelial phenotype and atherosclerosis.

Fluid shear stress (FSS) is a major determinant of endothelial cell (EC) phenotype, with physiological laminar FSS promoting arterial identity and stability, whereas disturbed FSS promotes atherosclerosis. We previously identified the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Latrophilin-2 (Lphn2) as a junctional protein required for FSS activation of the PECAM1/VE-cadherin/VEGFR2/PlexinD1 junctional mechanosensory pathway, which promotes EC inflammatory activation and atherogenesis in disturbed flow. We now report that Lphn2 endothelial cell specific knockout (ECKO) hyperlipidemic mice develop larger plaques than controls, opposite from PECAM-1 KO mice.

Inflamed endothelial cells express S1PR1 inhibitor CD69 to induce vascular leak.

Inflammation disrupts endothelial barrier function and causes vascular leak into the tissue parenchyma. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) in endothelial cells (ECs) is a key inducer of endothelial junctions and barrier function. We report here that ECs activation by the cytokine TNFα and TLR3 agonist polyinosine/polycytosine (pI:C) induces the lymphocyte activation molecule CD69 via the canonical NFκB pathway.

Amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide with strong electronic communication to boost water/simulated seawater splitting.

Exploring bifunctional transition metal-based oxysulfide with high activities, corrosion resistance and reaction selectivity is a promising strategy to realize efficient water/seawater splitting. Here, amorphous, high entropy and heterostructure strategies are coupled to construct the amorphous-microcrystalline heterostructured high-entropy oxysulfide/cerium oxide (a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO) by one-step intermittent electrodeposition. With the strong interfacial electronic communication, a-NiCoFeOS/c-CeO shows high bifunctional activities with low overpotentials for hydrogen evolution reaction (47/63 mV) and oxygen evolution reaction (216/220 mV) at 10 mA cm in alkaline water/simulated seawater, respectively.

A brain-targeting dl-3-n-butylphthalide prodrug to treat ischemic stroke.

Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease worldwide, featured by stubbornly high mortality and morbidity. 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is a first-line agent to treat ischemic stroke, but its unsatisfactorily intracephalic bioavailability is detrimental to the therapeutic efficacy. We have previously developed a series of prodrugs analogous to NBP, however, their conversion rate in the targeted sites cannot meet the clinical demand.

Hypercholesterolemia-induced LXR signaling in smooth muscle cells contributes to vascular lesion remodeling and visceral function.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are the most abundant cell type in the artery's media layer and regulate vascular tone and lesion remodeling during atherogenesis. Like monocyte-derived macrophages, VSMCs accumulate excess lipids and contribute to the total intimal foam cell population in human coronary plaques and mouse aortic atheroma. While there are extensive studies characterizing the contribution of lipid metabolism in macrophage immunometabolic responses in atherosclerotic plaques, the role of VSMC lipid metabolism in regulating vascular function and lesion remodeling in vivo remains poorly understood.

An improved experimental model of osteosarcoma lung metastases to investigate innovative therapeutic interventions and sex as a biological variable.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy, with OS lung metastasis (OSLM) being the leading cause of death in OS patients. No curative pharmacotherapies for OSLM are available, highlighting the clinical need for new therapies. Improved and rigorous preclinical models of OSLM are key in supporting advancements in this field.

Careful attention to the eco-toxicity and secondary water pollution of the degradation by-products.

Most of studies have mainly paid attention to the removal efficiency of a water treatment technology, while often overlooking the environmental and ecological toxicity. However, are water treatment technologies really environmental-/eco-friendly? If the as-generated chemicals are more toxic, it may lead to more severe secondary pollution. In this work, two novel integrated systems of Vis/CuO/HO (visible light-excited HO activation) and Vis/CuO/PS (visible light-excited persulfate (PS, NaSO activation) were designed and investigated fully, in which rhodamine B (RhB) was selected as the representative organic wastewater pollutant to assure the technology feasibility, although it has been studied widely.

Enhancing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction through the Improved Mass Transfer and Charge Transfer by Bimetal Nodes.

The high cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis severely challenges its commercial application. It is highly desirable to develop efficient electrocatalysts and innovative electrolytic cells. Introducing additional metal nodes to form bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) is a simple, feasible strategy to overcome the poor electrocatalytic performance of single-metal MOF.

miR-33 deletion in hepatocytes attenuates MASLD-MASH-HCC progression.

The complexity of the mechanisms underlying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) progression remains a significant challenge for the development of effective therapeutics. miRNAs have shown great promise as regulators of biological processes and as therapeutic targets for complex diseases. Here, we study the role of hepatic miR-33, an important regulator of lipid metabolism, during the progression of MASLD and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Effect of multi-interface electron transfer on water splitting and an innovative electrolytic cell for synergistic hydrogen production and degradation.

The cleaning and utilization of industry wastewater are still a big challenge. In this work, we mainly investigate the effect of electron transfer among multi-interfaces on water electrolysis reaction. Typically, the CoS, CoS/CoS (designated as CS4-2) and CoS/CoS/CoS (designated as CS4-8-2) samples are prepared on a large scale by one-step molten salt method.

Heterogeneity of hepatocyte dynamics restores liver architecture after chemical, physical or viral damage.

Midlobular hepatocytes are proposed to be the most plastic hepatic cell, providing a reservoir for hepatocyte proliferation during homeostasis and regeneration. However, other mechanisms beyond hyperplasia have been little explored and the contribution of other hepatocyte subpopulations to regeneration has been controversial. Thus, re-examining hepatocyte dynamics during regeneration is critical for cell therapy and treatment of liver diseases.

Replacing cholesterol with asiatic acid to prolong circulation and enhance anti-metastatic effects of non-PEGylated liposomes.

Cholesterol is an indispensable component of most liposomes, heavily influencing their physical and surface properties. In this study, cholesterol in non-PEGylated liposomes was replaced by its analog, asiatic acid (AA), to generate liposomes with an alternative composition. These AA liposomes are generally smaller and more rigid than conventional liposomes, circulate longer in the body, and accumulate more in primary tumors and lung metastases in vivo.

Dynamic metabolism of endothelial triglycerides protects against atherosclerosis in mice.

Blood vessels are continually exposed to circulating lipids, and elevation of ApoB-containing lipoproteins causes atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein metabolism is highly regulated by lipolysis, largely at the level of the capillary endothelium lining metabolically active tissues. How large blood vessels, the site of atherosclerotic vascular disease, regulate the flux of fatty acids (FAs) into triglyceride-rich (TG-rich) lipid droplets (LDs) is not known.

Tool Frame Calibration for Robot-Assisted Ultrasonic Testing.

Tool frame calibration has been widely used in robot-assisted printing, welding, and grinding, but it is not suitable for ultrasonic testing because the robot is submerged in water. The purpose of this paper is to present a tool frame calibration method, which is suitable for improving the precision of ultrasonic testing. In uniform mediums, sound travels along a straight line like ray.

Proteomic profiling demonstrates inflammatory and endotheliopathy signatures associated with impaired cardiopulmonary exercise hemodynamic profile in Post Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) syndrome.

Approximately 50% of patients who recover from the acute SARS-CoV-2 experience Post Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) syndrome. The pathophysiological hallmark of PASC is characterized by impaired system oxygen extraction (EO) on invasive cardiopulmonary exercise test (iCPET). However, the mechanistic insights into impaired EO remain unclear.

Three-Dimensional Carbon Foam Modified with MgN for Ultralong Cyclability of a Dendrite-Free Li Metal Anode.

Uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites and huge volume change during the lithium plating/stripping process as well as poor mechanical properties of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) are key obstacles to the development of a stable Li metal anode. Here, an ultralight MgN-modified carbon foam (CF-MgN) was fabricated as a collector to address these issues. The calculated results show that the CF-MgN composite is relatively stable in terms of energy.

Rational design of a fluorescent probe and its applications of imaging and distinguishing between exogenous and endogenous HS in living cells.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS), a recognized environmental pollutant, comes from a wide range of sources. For example, HS will be produced in the process of plant protein corruption, the decomposition of domestic sewage and garbage, food processing (wine brewing), etc. and once the concentration is too high, it will cause significant damage of environment and human body.

Enhanced anti-metastatic therapy with down-regulation of heparinase expression by ROS-responsive micellar nanoparticles.

Metastasis is a major sign of malignant tumors which plays a vital role in cancer-related death. Suppressing metastasis is an important way to improve the survival rate of cancer patients. Herein, multifunctional PEG-LAM-PPS nanoparticles (nPLPs) are fabricated as both nanocarriers and anti-metastatic agents for tumor treatment.

Increased complement activation is a distinctive feature of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Complement activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it remains to be determined whether increased complement activation is a broad indicator of critical illness (and thus, no different in COVID-19). It is also unclear which pathways are contributing to complement activation in COVID-19, and if complement activation is associated with certain features of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as endothelial injury and hypercoagulability.

An exosome-mimicking membrane hybrid nanoplatform for targeted treatment toward Kras-mutant pancreatic carcinoma.

Pancreatic carcinoma elevates quickly and thus has a high mortality rate. Therefore, early treatment is essential for treating pancreatic carcinoma. KRAS is the most frequently identified and one of the earliest mutations in pancreatic tumorigenesis.