Centroid algorithm for high-dynamic star sensor based on key point detection deep learning algorithms.

Under dynamic conditions, star spots will move on the image plane of the star sensor, resulting in trailing of the star map. This trailing can significantly reduce the accuracy of star centroid positioning, thereby affecting satellite attitude determination. Unlike traditional methods that restore blurred star maps before positioning, we treat the centroid of the star point as a key point in the trailing star map and use a deep learning model based on object detection to convert the positioning of star points under dynamic conditions into the positioning of key points in the trailing star map.

The Biological Characteristics of Nematophagous Fungus Esteya vermicola Fxy121 Strain and Its Specific Detection.

Esteya vermicola Fxy121 strain, isolated from live pine trees, exhibited high adhesion and infection activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In this study, we studied the biological characteristics of Esteya vermicola Fxy121, and screened species-specific primers used for its colonization detection on pine trees. The liquid fermentation formula with higher blastospore production was obtained by adjusting the ratio of carbon and nitrogen and adding mineral salts, blastospore concentration was 5.

Screening and Optimization of Solid-State Fermentation for , an Entomopathogenic Fungus Against the Major Forest Pest Pine Wood Nematode.

Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN, ), is one of the most serious threats to pine forests worldwide. The fungus , with its lunate conidia capable of parasitizing the PWN, has shown promise as an efficient biological control agent against PWD. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is preferred for large-scale applications in the field, as it facilitates microbial agent transport and ensures a long shelf life.

Engineered Pine Endophytic Fungus Expressing Double-Stranded RNA Targeting Lethal Genes to Control the Plant-Parasitic Nematode .

The pine wood nematode (PWN), , is one of the most serious invasive forest pests, responsible for pine wilt disease. Currently, there are no effective, environmentally friendly control methods available. RNA interference technology has been extensively utilized to screen functional genes in eukaryotes and to explore sustainable pest management approaches through genetic engineering.

Venom Allergen-Like Protein BxVAP1, Triggering Plant Defense-Related Programmed Cell Death, Plays an Important Role in Regulating Terpene Defense Responses.

(pine wood nematode, PWN), a migratory plant-parasitic nematode, acts as an etiological agent, inflicting considerable damage to pine forests worldwide. Plant immunity constitutes a crucial factor in resisting various pathogenic invasions. The primary defensive responses of host pines against PWN infection encompass terpene accumulation, defense response-related gene expression, and programmed cell death.

Design and Modelling of Continuum Robot for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Surgery With Lifting Force Estimation.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective treatment for early-stage gastrointestinal cancers. However, traditional surgical instruments lack accuracy and force-sensing.

Methods: A new type of continuum robot for ESD is designed.

Distinct biogeographic patterns for bacteria and fungi in association with nematodes and infested pinewood.

Unlabelled: Pinewood nematodes (PWN, ) are destructive plant parasitic nematodes that cause pine wilt disease (PWD) by attacking the vascular systems of pine trees, resulting in widespread tree mortality. Research has shown that there are connections between nematode-associated microbes and PWD. Yet the variations in microbial communities across different geographic regions are not well-understood.

Analysis of DNA Methylation Differences during the JIII Formation of .

DNA methylation is a pivotal process that regulates gene expression and facilitates rapid adaptation to challenging environments. The pinewood nematode (PWN; ), the causative agent of pine wilt disease, survives at low temperatures through third-stage dispersal juvenile, making it a major pathogen for pines in Asia. To comprehend the impact of DNA methylation on the formation and environmental adaptation of third-stage dispersal juvenile, we conducted whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and transcriptional sequencing on both the third-stage dispersal juvenile and three other propagative juvenile stages of PWN.

Engineered pine endophytic with nematocidal and colonization abilities for pine wilt disease control.

Introduction: The pinewood nematode (PWN) is responsible for causing pine wilt disease (PWD), which has led to the significant decline of conifer species in Eurasian forests and has become a globally invasive quarantine pest. Manipulating plant-associated microbes to control nematodes is an important strategy for sustainable pest management. However, it has proven difficult to find pine-associated bacteria that possess both nematocidal activity and the ability to colonize pine tissues.

Transcriptomic response of Pinus massoniana to infection stress from the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.

The pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a forestry quarantine pest and causes an extremely dangerous forest disease that is spreading worldwide. Due to the complex pathogenic factors of pine wood nematode disease, the pathogenesis is still unknown. B.

DNA methylation on C5-Cytosine and N6-Adenine in the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus genome.

Background: The pinewood nematode is the causal agent of the pine wilt disease, which causes severe ecological and economic losses in coniferous forests. The invasion of pine wood nematode has undergone various rapid adaptations to a wide range of temperatures and to new hosts and vector insects. DNA methylation may play crucial roles in the rapid adaptation of PWN during invasion.

Genome and transcriptome of provide insights into high-altitude hypoxia adaptation and symbiosis.

is a well-known conifer pest that has contributed significantly to spruce forest disturbance in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and seriously threatens the ecological balance of these areas. We report a chromosome-level genome of determined by PacBio and Hi-C technology. Phylogenetic inference showed that it diverged from the common ancestor of ∼2.

Synergistic effect of docetaxel and gambogic acid on bone metastasis of lung cancer.

Introduction: Gambogic acid (GA) as an active compound isolated from Gamboge, have been investigated for many years and proved to be a promising natural anticancer agent for clinical treatment. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of docetaxel (DTX) combined with gambogic acid on bone metastasis of lung cancer.

Methods: The anti-proliferation effect of the combination of DTX and GA on Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells was determined by MTT assays.

Miniature Manipulator Design and Cartesian Control for Minimally Invasive Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery.

This paper presents a miniature manipulator under Cartesian control for minimally invasive transluminal endoscopic surgery. The manipulator had four degrees of freedom (DoFs) and a diameter of only 3.5 mm.

Overexpression of salicylic acid methyltransferase reduces salicylic acid-mediated pathogen resistance in poplar.

Salicylic acid (SA) is generally considered to be a critical signal transduction factor in plant defenses against pathogens. It could be converted to methyl salicylate (MeSA) for remote signals by salicylic acid methyltransferase (SAMT) and converted back to SA by SA-binding protein 2 (SABP2). In order to verify the function of SAMT in poplar plants, we isolated the full-length cDNA sequence of from 84K poplar and cultivated overexpression lines (OE-2 isolate) to test its role in SA-mediated defenses against the virulent fungal pathogen .

The Changes of Microbial Communities and Key Metabolites after Early Invasion of .

Pine wood nematode, , is a worldwide pest of pine trees, spreading at an alarming rate and with great ecological adaptability. In the process of causing disease, the nematode causes metabolic disorders and changes in the endophytic microbial community of the pine tree. However, the changes at the pine nidus during early nematode invasion have not been well studied, especially the differential metabolites, in , the main host of in China.

Identification of the Extracellular Nuclease Influencing Soaking RNA Interference Efficiency in .

RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency dramatically varies among different nematodes, which impacts research on their gene function and pest control. is a pine wood nematode in which RNAi-mediated gene silencing has unstable interference efficiency through soaking in dsRNA solutions, the factors of which remain unknown. Using agarose gel electrophoresis, we found that dsRNA can be degraded by nematode secretions in the soaking system which is responsible for the low RNAi efficiency.

Genes Encoding Potential Molecular Mimicry Proteins as the Specific Targets for Detecting in PCR and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays.

The introduction of the pine wood nematode () to new areas has affected the international forestry industry because this pathogen causes pine wilt disease (PWD). Therefore, methods for the accurate and reliable detection of are essential for controlling and managing this pest. The PCR and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) techniques developed in this study involve species-specific primer sets targeting genes encoding potential molecular mimicry proteins (, , and ), which are associated with pathogenicity.

Rapid On-Site Detection of the Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined With Lateral Flow Dipstick That Eliminates Interference From Primer-Dependent Artifacts.

The pine wood nematode (PWN), , is one of the most lethal nematode species, which causes pine wilt disease (PWD), a devastating forest disease. To date, no effective methods have been developed to control the disease; hence, rapid precise detection of is of great significance. Traditional molecular diagnostic methods are time-consuming and require sophisticated instruments or skilled operators, which are unavailable in resource-limited settings.

Diversity of Ophiostomatoid Fungi Associated with Infesting in Western China.

() is extensively abundant in western China and, as a pioneer tree, and prominently influences local ecology. However, pine forests in this region have been significantly damaged by () infestations, in close association with ophiostomatoid fungi. This study aimed to identify the diversity of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with infesting in western China.

Expression of the Thaumatin-Like Protein-1 Gene (--) from Pine Wood Nematode Affects Terpene Metabolism in Pine Trees.

Pine wilt disease is a major forest disease worldwide, including in China, where it has severely damaged pine forest ecosystems, and the pathogen is pine wood nematode (). The thaumatin-like protein-1 gene (--) is a key gene associated with . pathogenicity, which is also responsive to α-pinene.

Comparative Genomics Reveals Evolutionary Traits, Mating Strategies, and Pathogenicity-Related Genes Variation of .

, as a major family of the largest class of kingdom fungi , encompasses phytopathogens, saprobes, and endophytes. Many members of this family are opportunistic phytopathogens with a wide host range and worldwide geographical distribution, and can infect many economically important plants, including food crops and raw material plants for biofuel production. To date, however, little is known about the family evolutionary characterization, mating strategies, and pathogenicity-related genes variation from a comparative genome perspective.

Differences Between Microbial Communities of Pinus Species Having Differing Level of Resistance to the Pine Wood Nematode.

The pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a destructive invasive species that exerts devastating effects on most native pines in invaded regions, while many of the non-native pines have resistance to PWN. Recently, increasingly more research is focused on how microbial communities can improve host resistance against pathogens. However, the relationship between the microbial community structures and varying levels of pathogen resistance observed in different pine tree species remains unclear.

Abundance and Diversity of Ophiostomatoid Fungi Associated With the Great Spruce Bark Beetle () in the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The role of several virulent tree pathogens in host death has been overlooked because of the aggressiveness of their associated bark beetles. The great spruce bark beetle () is a widely distributed beetle that infests coniferous plants in Eurasia; however, its associated fungi have been poorly studied. Therefore, in this study, we elucidated the diversity of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau through field investigation, laboratory isolation, and culture analyses.

Polyamino acid calcified nanohybrids induce immunogenic cell death for augmented chemotherapy and chemo-photodynamic synergistic therapy.

Monotherapy for cancer treatment is limited by unstable efficacy and uncontrollable toxic side effects, while the multifunctional nanoplatform with complex preparation process cannot avoid the potential toxicity of each functional component. We exploited tumor-specific activated polyamino acid calcified nanoparticles (CHC NPs) as new-type oxidative stress amplification of anticancer drugs building a safe and biodegradable multifunctional nanoplatform. Giving priority to chemotherapy, and synergizing chemodynamic therapy (CDT) with photodynamic therapy (PDT), this strategy was to achieve enhanced chemotherapy, simultaneously inducing immunogenic cell death and inhibiting tumor cell invasion.