Chiral spin constrained assemblies for polarized optical mapping.

Optical-enabled identification and interaction provide an integral link between the digital and physical realms. However, nowadays optic-encodings, predominantly reliant on light's intensity and wavelength, are hindered by environmental light interference and limited information capacity. The introduction of unusual polarization states, such as circular polarization-which is absent from ordinary surroundings-holds promise for higher-dimensional interaction.

High Warming Restricts the Growth and Movement of a Larval Chinese Critically Endangered Relict Newt.

Amphibians are the most threatened vertebrates, yet their resilience in relation to growth and locomotor performance with rising temperatures remains poorly understood. Here, we chose a critically endangered amphibian-the Chinhai spiny newt ()-as the study species and set four water temperature gradients (20 °C, 24 °C, 28 °C, and 32 °C) to simulate climate changes. The thermal performance to climate warming was quantified by measuring morphometric parameters, basal metabolic rate (oxygen consumption rate), and the locomotor performance of Chinhai spiny newt larvae.

c-Fos Mediates Preeclampsia Through p-AMPK/Detyrosinated Tubulin Pathway.

Background: Preeclampsia is a systemic disorder unique to pregnancy that is associated with trophoblast dysfunction. Although the c-Fos (FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene) is essential for placental development, its mechanistic role in preeclampsia remains unclear.

Methods: We identified c-Fos as a hub gene through an analysis of cell-free RNA from maternal plasma and single-cell RNA sequencing of preeclamptic placentas.

Resveratrol attenuates ethylene glycol butyl ether-impaired zebrafish fertility via antioxidant mechanism.

Industrial pollutants and their metabolite derivatives constitute formidable threats to aquatic ecosystems upon environmental discharge. Ethylene glycol butyl ether (EGBE), an extensively employed organic solvent prevalent in industrial and household products, exhibits well-characterized reproductive toxicity. This investigation evaluated the protective effect of resveratrol (RSV) against EGBE-induced reproductive toxicity in zebrafish ovaries.

Multi-omics analysis reveals distinct responses to light stress in photosynthesis and primary metabolism between maize and rice.

High light (HL) stress is a significant environmental factor limiting crop productivity. Maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa), two key global crops, can both grow under high light intensities, but differ in photosynthetic metabolism, with maize being a C species and rice a C species. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their responses to HL stress remain poorly understood.

Nano-polymeric curing agents for enhancing water stability in sandy soils: A sustainable approach for ecological slope protection.

The susceptibility of sandy soil slopes to erosion, particularly during rainfall events, poses significant challenges for soil conservation and ecological slope protection. This study explores the potential of nano-polymeric curing agents (NPCA) as a sustainable solution to enhance water stability and slope integrity. Reinforcement depth experiments were conducted to determine the optimal application depth of NPCA, while permeability and erosion tests assessed its impact on water retention and soil stability.

Predicting IDH and 1p/19q molecular status of gliomas with multi-b values DWI.

Background And Purpose: In the 2021 WHO Classification, the importance of molecular pathology in glioma diagnosis has been emphasized, particularly the status of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion. Advanced magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) including mono-exponential (Mono), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), stretched exponential model (SEM) techniques are beneficial for non-invasive prediction of these molecular markers. The continuous-time random walk (CTRW) model mitigates the empirical nature of the SEM and has shown promising results in grading gliomas.

Histogram analysis based on DTI and NODDI for differentiating atypical high-grade glioma from primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Background And Purpose: Distinguishing between high-grade glioma (HGG) and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is of paramount clinical importance, as these entities necessitate substantially different therapeutic approaches. The differential diagnosis becomes particularly challenging when HGG presents without characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, making it difficult to differentiate from PCNSL. The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) offer quantitative assessments of water molecule diffusion within tissues, thereby providing potential means to characterize microstructural differences between HGG and PCNSL.

SON-dependent nuclear speckle rehabilitation alleviates proteinopathies.

Current treatments targeting individual protein quality control pathways have limited efficacy in alleviating proteinopathies, highlighting the prerequisite for a common druggable target capable of global proteostasis modulation. Building upon our prior research establishing nuclear speckles as pivotal membrane-less organelles for transcriptional control of proteostasis, we aim to alleviate proteinopathies through nuclear speckle rehabilitation. We identify pyrvinium pamoate as a nuclear speckle rehabilitator that enhances protein quality control gene expression and suppresses YAP1 transcriptional activity via decreasing the surface/interfacial tension of nuclear speckle condensates through interaction with the intrinsically disordered region of nuclear speckle scaffold protein SON.

Biodegradation of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a novel species of the genus isolated from the deep-sea region of the Kermadec Trench.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are categorized as persistent organic pollutants due to their high toxicity and environmental persistence. In this study, a deep-sea bacterium, designed Naph2, was isolated from the sediments of the Kermadec Trench using PAH-enriched cultures. A comparative analysis of Overall Genome Relatedness Indices (OGRI) values between Naph2 and closely related strains within the genus indicated that the isolate represents a novel species, designated as sp.

An ovarian insulin-like peptide specifically regulates energy allocation and oocyte development in nutrition-restricted cockroaches.

Background: Insects exhibit remarkable resilience and maintain high levels of reproduction despite frequently encountering nutritional restriction. However, the mechanisms governing their adaptive reproductive strategies under nutrition-restricted conditions remain poorly understood. The German cockroach Blattella germanica, a widespread urban pest, exhibits remarkable reproductive capabilities even in domestic environments where food resources are frequently limited.

Spatial-temporal dynamics of marine microorganisms in Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension.

Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) region is an ideal natural laboratory for investigating microbial community dynamics due to its frequent nutrient exchanges. However, comprehensive spatiotemporal investigations of microbial communities in this region remain limited. We conducted a systematic research examining microbial community variations across space and time through integrated physicochemical analysis and high-throughput sequencing of 54 surface water samples collected from 33 stations during three consecutive summer seasons (2021-2023).

Efficient Detection of N-sialoglycans in N-glycomics Using Mass Spectrometry by nMatch.

The structural instability and electronegativity of sialic acids make N-sialoglycan profiling challenging. We compared commonly used preparation strategies, including native, acetohydrazide-based derivatization, and permethylation, in N-glycomics with nMatch, an R-based bioinformatics tool that ensures full coverage of the detected N-glycans using mass spectrometry. We demonstrated that permethylation leads to efficient detection of not only N-sialoglycans but also other N-glycans and, therefore, provides a valuable reference for the selection of the appropriate N-glycan preparation strategy in future studies.

The plant-specific protein IQD22 interacts with calcium sensors to activate anaerobic respiration during hypoxia in Arabidopsis.

Louis Pasteur first reported that living cells switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism under low-oxygen conditions, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 1 (ADH1) encodes a key enzyme in ethanolic fermentation and is upregulated under hypoxia. In this study, we searched for Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defects in hypoxia-induced ADH1 expression and identified the IQ DOMAIN containing protein 22 (IQD22) as a crucial regulator of ADH1-mediated hypoxia tolerance.

A plant bunyaviral protein disrupts SERRATE phase separation to modulate microRNA biogenesis during viral pathogenesis.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) regulates diverse biological functions by mediating the assembly of biomolecular condensates. However, it remains unclear how host LLPS is targeted by viruses during infection. Here we show that a plant bunyaviral protein, the disease-specific protein (SP) encoded by rice stripe virus (RSV), possesses phase separation potential through its N-terminal intrinsically disordered region 1 (IDR1).

The diversity of viral community in revealed by meta-transcriptomics.

Introduction: Metagenomic analyses has significantly advanced our understanding of viral evolution and their functions within organismal biology. In particular, exploring the virome of agricultural pests like the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) is essential for understanding their role as potential virus vectors and developing effective pest management strategies.

Methods: To explore viral diversity, we collected white-backed planthoppers (WBPHs) from nine sites spanning four Chinese provinces (Liaoning, Fujian, Guangxi, and Yunnan) and performed metagenomic sequencing.

High-quality Pseudo-labeling for Point Cloud Segmentation with Scene-level Annotation.

This paper investigates indoor point cloud semantic segmentation under scene-level annotation, which is less explored compared to methods relying on sparse point-level labels. In the absence of precise point-level labels, current methods first generate point-level pseudo-labels, which are then used to train segmentation models. However, generating accurate pseudo-labels for each point solely based on scene-level annotations poses a considerable challenge, substantially affecting segmentation performance.

Exploring the Impact of Dinotefuran Residue on Microbial Community and Flavor Generation in Fermentation.

Pesticide residues create food safety hazards while negatively affecting the quality of fermented foods, but the mechanisms of the deterioration response have been a mystery. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and metagenomics sequencing analyses were employed to investigate the effect of dinotefuran residue on the aroma profile and microbial community of . The presence of dinotefuran led to a reduction in the overall concentration of volatile compounds, and some floral, fruity, and sweet aromas such as piperitenol, citronellyl isobutyrate, and trans-2-decenal were no longer detected.

Maternal high-fat diet programs reproductive function of female offspring rat through IL-6-mediated regulation of Kiss1 gene methylation.

Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) is known to impair the reproductive function of female offspring, but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms of this developmental programming remain unclear. In this study, female rats were fed either a control diet (CD; 10 % kcal from fat) or an HFD (60 % kcal from fat) prior to and during gestation and lactation. After weaning, female offspring were randomly assigned to continue on either a CD or HFD, resulting in four groups: C/C, C/HF, HF/C, and HF/HF.

Novel and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in humans: Long-term temporal variability and metabolic perturbations.

As legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are phased out, numerous substitutes have emerged, raising concerns about their potential health impacts. Using targeted and untargeted approaches, we evaluated plasma PFAS on an -omic scale, examining temporal variability and associated metabolomic disruptions. A total of 400 blood samples from 200 Sister Study participants (collected in 2007-2008 and 2013-2014) were analyzed using liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Combined application of biochar and PGPB on crop growth and heavy metals accumulation: A meta-analysis.

The combined application of biochar and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) has shown significant efficacy on alleviating plant heavy metals stress and remediating soil heavy metals pollution. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of the synergistic action of biochar and PGPB in the soil-plant system remain poorly understood. This investigation utilized a hierarchical meta-analysis approach to synthesize 237 datasets extracted from 59 studies, aiming to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the co-application of biochar and PGPB in promoting plant growth and remediating soil heavy metals pollution.

, a gene encoding anthranilic acid synthase, contributes to tryptophan biosynthesis and enhanced chaetoglobosin A production in W7.

Chaetoglobosin A (cheA) is a complex indole alkaloid exhibiting preferential cytotoxicity against plant pathogens, parasites, and tumor cells. However, the limited production and high synthesis costs of cheA impede its widespread application. Tryptophan serves as a precursor for cheA biosynthesis, and strategic modification of the expression of key genes represents a novel approach to enhance the target yield.

Correlating microbial diversity patterns with V and Cr in blast furnace slag contaminated soil.

This study systematically investigated the vertical variations of physicochemical properties, toxic elements and bacterial communities in soils surrounding a 32-year operational blast furnace slag stockpile site in Panzhihua, southwest of China, to explore the response of bacterial communities to the harsh environmental conditions. Soil in the region is substantially contaminated with multiple toxic elements. Both V and Cr were found in the 60-80 cm soil profile with average concentrations of 175.