Chiral spin constrained assemblies for polarized optical mapping.

Optical-enabled identification and interaction provide an integral link between the digital and physical realms. However, nowadays optic-encodings, predominantly reliant on light's intensity and wavelength, are hindered by environmental light interference and limited information capacity. The introduction of unusual polarization states, such as circular polarization-which is absent from ordinary surroundings-holds promise for higher-dimensional interaction.

Highly efficient stabilization of arsenic in the contaminated sediments of Jiehe River by schwertmannite to inhibit arsenic release into overlying water.

Arsenic (As) represents the most typical associated element in gold mines, with As pollution frequently observed in regions of intensive gold mining activities, especially in Zhaoyuan City, renowned as the "Gold Capital" of China. In this study, schwertmannite (Sch), an iron oxyhydroxysulfate mineral with unique channel structure renowned for its As adsorption and stabilization capabilities in aqueous and soil systems, was synthesized and applied to evaluate its efficacy in stabilizing As for gold mining-impacted sediments. Besides, the functional mechanisms of Sch in mediating the redistribution and persistent immobilization of As in the sediments of Jiehe River in Zhaoyuan city were also explored.

Generation of wideband chaos with time-delay signature suppression by asymmetric dual-path optical injection.

Chaotic lasers exhibit wideband spectrum and noise-like time series properties, which is widely used in the fields of secure communication, chaotic lidar, optical sensing and so on. We propose and demonstrate a method for generating wideband low time-delay chaotic laser based on asymmetric dual-path optical injection and filter feedback experimentally. A chaotic signal with a standard bandwidth of 36.

Ultra compression-ratio distributed acoustic sensing system via combination of envelope extraction and compressed sensing.

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is experiencing significant growth in applications such as seismological observation, urban cable monitoring, and thunder observation, due to its long sensing distance and high accuracy measurement in distributed sensing. The heterodyne coherent DAS system offers a high-fidelity, linear strain response, but its strain range is limited by the LFM pulse bandwidth. This requires a high-performance gigahertz DAQ, which increases data volume, system cost, and real-time processing challenges.

Amplitude-assisted fitting demodulation for Sub-spatial-resolution field reconstruction in Raman distributed fiber optic sensing.

We propose a high-precision temperature demodulation scheme based on amplitude-assisted fitting in order to address the technical bottleneck of conventional Raman distributed fiber optic sensing system, which is constrained by the optical time-domain reflectance positioning principle and makes it challenging to achieve high-precision measurement at a sub-spatial resolution scale. In this proposed scheme, the linear relationship between the temperature, and the amplitude auxiliary parameters is established by constructing a three-dimensional mathematical model of the area value of the temperature variation curve, the amplitude auxiliary parameters and the temperature variation in the optical fiber region. The temperature measurement accuracy of the system in the sub-spatial resolution region is then greatly increased by using this numerical model to effectively correct the distorted temperature profile and reconstruct the distributed temperature field along the optical fiber.

Distance-independent high spatial resolution distributed optical fiber sensing utilizing incoherent Raman OFDR.

The spatial resolution of conventional Raman distributed optical fiber sensing (RDOFS) systems is fundamentally constrained by the physics principle of optical time domain reflection, which emerges as the primary theoretical limitation. This inherent constraint manifests as progressive pulse broadening along extended sensing distances, confining current kilometer-scale RDOFS implementations to spatial resolutions ranging from several meters to tens of meters. To address this limitation, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated an innovative distributed optical fiber sensing scheme based on incoherent Raman optical frequency domain reflection (IROFDR) employing frequency-space transformation principles.

High spatial resolution Raman distributed fiber sensing based on neural network dispersion compensation.

Raman distributed fiber sensing (RDFS) has garnered significant research attention due to its advantages such as wide measurement range, low cost, and rapid response. However, as the sensing distance of RDFS increases, dispersion effects in sensing fiber severely degrade the spatial resolution and temperature measurement accuracy. This paper proposes a RDFS based on a 1-dimensional dilated convolutional residual neural network (1D-DCRNN).

OTDR Development Based on Single-Mode Fiber Fault Detection.

With the large-scale application and high-quality development demands of optical fiber cables, higher requirements have been placed on the corresponding measurement technologies. In recent years, optical fiber testing has played a crucial role in evaluating cable performance, as well as in the deployment, operation, maintenance, fault repair, and upgrade of optical networks. The Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is a fiber fault diagnostic tool recommended by standards such as the International Telecommunication Union and the International Electrotechnical Commission.

Bandwidth enhancement and the flattening of a chaotic laser with a microring resonator.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate what we believe to be a novel scheme for bandwidth enhancement and flattening of a chaotic laser with a microring resonator. By leveraging the multi-beam interference effect within the MRR, the multiple chaotic laser exhibited improved bandwidth and power spectrum flatness. With a feedback strength of 6 and a laser bias current of 11.

Synchronously realizing high spatial resolution and precise location for fiber fault attenuation event detection.

Attenuation events are common fault types in optical fiber links, which are very important to identify and accurately locate them with high resolution. However, research on achieving high spatial resolution for fiber fault event localization in the field of optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) mainly focuses on reflection events; the precise identification of attenuation events is rarely reported. A chaotic OTDR technique based on attenuation extraction-correlation compression integrative demodulation (AECCID) is proposed to realize high spatial resolution and high-precision localization of attenuation events in optical fiber links.

Self-positioning microdevices enable adaptable spatial displaying.

Adaptable display with spatial imaging, fostering advancements in extended reality with unconventional form requirements, is indispensable in scientific research, telemedicine, rescue, and space exploration. The adjustable photon spin angular momentum derived from chiral optical materials offer applicative lights for binocular stereo imaging displays, thus allowing an unimaginable immersive experience while maintaining awareness of surroundings. However, current chiral illuminant struggles to obtain adequate electroluminescence asymmetry during power-on display.

Breaking the resolution-distance trade-off: 50-cm spatial resolution over 14 km using correlation demodulation in Raman distributed fiber sensors.

The spatial resolution and sensing distance of Raman distributed optical fiber sensors are constrained by the pulse width and the inherently weak Raman scattering signals. Consequently, the spatial resolution for kilometer-level detection distances is typically limited to the order of meters. To address this principle limitation, this study proposes a Raman distributed optical fiber sensing scheme based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) correlation detection.

Fluid catalytic cracking waste slag-enhanced sulfate-reducing bacteria for efficient remediation of Cd/Zn pollution in smelting soils.

This study presents a combined remediation approach using fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) waste slag and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) for Cd and Zn pollution in non-ferrous smelting site soils. In simulated solution systems, the FCC slag-enhanced SRB system achieved over 99 % removal of Cd and Zn within 5 days, outperforming individual treatments. Mechanistic analysis showed that FCC waste slag reduced metal toxicity through adsorption, creating a more favorable environment for SRB activity.

Optical synchronous signal demodulation-based quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy for remote, multi-point methane detection in complex environments.

We present a novel optical synchronized signal demodulation (OSSD) method applied in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) for remote gas sensing. Using 1 % of the laser source as an optical synchronization signal, kilometer-scale remote gas detection was achieved, overcoming the challenges of long-distance real-time detection in complex environments with conventional QEPAS. A time-sharing OSSD-QEPAS system for sewer methane detection was subsequently developed.

Sub pulse length event measurement in BOTDR system using slope assisted Brillouin frequency shift.

To overcome the limitations by pulse width on the event zone measurement capability, a novel temperature demodulation scheme was proposed and validated to measure sub-pulse length event zones based on the slope-assisted Brillouin frequency shift (SA-BFS). Unlike the conventional BFS-based methods, this approach leverages the BFS slope for temperature demodulation, enabling precise measurement of sub-pulse-length event zones. We developed a theoretical model that established a linear relationship between the BFS slope and temperature, validated through simulations and experiments across various event zone lengths and pulse widths.

The heading stage: A critical period for schwertmannite in reducing arsenic accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Schwertmannite, a common iron-derived mineral, is known for its high efficiency in adsorbing As from water and reducing the mobility and availability of As in soils. However, few studies have examined the critical period for the effectiveness of schwertmannite in hindering As uptake by rice plants, particularly its impact on the uptake and transport of As across different growth stages of rice. In this study, hydroponic experiments were performed to explore the absorption and translocation of As (500 µg/L As(III) or As(V)), when combined with schwertmannite, in rice during all growth stages.

Stabilization effect and mechanism of heavy metals by microbial consortium of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and urease-producing bacteria.

Introduction: Stabilization of heavy metals through phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) induced phosphate precipitation and urease-producing bacteria (UPB) induced carbonate precipitation are promising bioremediation methods. However, little attention has been conducted on the combined action of the above two bioremediations to stabilize heavy metals.

Methods: PSB and UPB were isolated from the environment and their growth characteristics and antagonistic properties were studied.

Deciphering nitrogen removal performance concerning heterotrophic microorganism's succession by using three typical acid-rich fermentation liquids of food waste as carbon sources in high ammonium and high salt wastewater treatment.

Understanding the performance and microbial succession in nitrogen removal using fermentation liquid as carbon source can provide a practical basis for treating low C/N ratio wastewater. In this study, three typical fermentation liquids of food waste (FW) enriched with lactic acid (LA), propionic acid (PA), and butyric acid (BA) were added to high ammonia and high salt (HAHS) wastewater treatment process. Results showed that effluent TN decreased from 50 mg/L to around 15 mg/L with the influent concentration around 1000 mg/L after adding fermentation liquid enriched with LA and PA.

Single-shot multi-sensitivity distributed acoustic sensing with hardware envelope retrieving acceleration.

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) can virtualize a fiber optic cable into an ultra-dense seismic network, offering long-term seismic wave observing capability and high-fidelity waveform recording performance. In practical applications, DAS systems still face two main challenges. Firstly, the large amount of raw data brings a burden on storage and demodulation speed.

Mechanically Driven, Continuous Synthesis of Chiroplasmonic Assemblies.

Chiral plasmonic nanomaterials─with their significant applications in protein detection, drug screening, and enantioselective sensing─necessitate an industrialized fabrication procedure to enhance their commercial viability. However, the prevailing manufacturing of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles and assemblies heavily leans on manual intervention, causing time-consuming and quality-inconsistent concerns. Here, we develop an automated, continuous mechanical synthesis system that consistently sprays metal nanowires to create chiroplasmonic assemblies: a macroscopic twisted layered structure comprising equivalent linear birefringence layers, approximate linear polarizer layers, and a precise angular offset between them.

Highly efficient synthetic bacterial consortium for biodegradation of aromatic volatile organic compounds: Behavior and mechanism.

Aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are prevalent pollutants in chemically contaminated sites, posing threats to ecological safety and human health. To address the challenge of achieving low-carbon, low-cost, green, and sustainable in-situ remediation at these sites, a highly efficient synthetic bacterial consortium was constructed for biodegradation of selected pollutants (i.e.

Improving bio-conditioning dewatering performance of food waste anaerobic digestate at low ambient temperatures by heating treatment.

Food waste anaerobic digestate (FWAD) containing high concentrations of contaminants must be purified or recycled. Bio-conditioning dewatering followed by activated sludge process (BDAS) has emerged as a promising technology for treating FWAD. However, the bio-conditioning dewatering as a pivotal step of BDAS is often negatively affected by low ambient temperatures often occurred in winter.

Step-adaptive accelerated demodulation algorithm for LFM-pulse-based distributed acoustic sensing.

We propose a novel, to our knowledge, step-adaptive cross-correlation algorithm tailored for distributed acoustic sensing systems based on linear frequency modulation pulses, aiming for rapid demodulation. This algorithm adjusts its step length through an adaptive "successive refinement" search strategy, which greatly improves computational efficiency by reducing the number of cross-correlation computations. Experimental results have shown that the demodulation time can be reduced by approximately 15 times compared to the conventional method, while maintaining the same demodulation result.

Effects of food waste hydrolysate as an external carbon source on defoaming in wastewater treatment with activated sludge process.

The activated sludge process is the most widely used technology for treating municipal wastewater. However, thick foam often occurs in activated sludge process. Here, we reported for the first time the effect of food waste hydrolysate (FWH) as an external carbon source on defoaming in activated sludge process.

Efficient co-stabilization of arsenic and cadmium in farmland soil by schwertmannite under long-term flooding-drying condition.

Simultaneously stabilizing of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in co-contaminated soil presents substantial challenges due to their contrasting chemical properties. Schwertmannite (Sch) is recognized as a potent adsorbent for As pollution, with alkali modification showing promising results in the simultaneous immobilization of both As and Cd. This study systematically investigated the long-term stabilization efficacy of alkali-modified Sch in Cd-As co-contaminated farmland soil over a 200-day flooding-drying period.