An electrochemical immunosensor based on HFABP for the early detection of drug-induced cardiac toxicity from traditional Chinese medicines.

An electrochemical immunosensor was successfully developed for evaluating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced cardiac toxicity by immobilizing heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP)-specific antibodies on an electrode surface modified with chitosan (CS)-functionalized metal-organic framework ZIF-8 and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Leveraging the excellent biocompatibility of AuNPs, the excellent stability and high surface area of ZIF-8, along with the strong specific recognition capability of HFABP antibodies, the sensor demonstrated superior performance. Under optimized experimental conditions, it achieved an ultra-low detection limit of 7.

Cigarette Tar Enhanced ECs Pyroptosis via CAMKII/Drp1/mtDNA: Novel Insight Into the Mechanism of Plaque Erosion.

Smoking is the only cardiovascular risk factor for plaque erosion. We found cigarette tar resulted in erosion-like lesion development in apolipoprotein E mice, with mural thrombosis, discontinuous endothelium, platelet activation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and hyaluronic acid accumulation in the aorta. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that genes relating to pyroptosis, platelet activation, and leukocytes adhesion were significantly increased in an endothelial cell subset.

Targeting KEAP1/NRF2 interaction with oleuropein ameliorates atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage ferroptosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arterial disease. Oleuropein (OL), extracted from olive leaves, has demonstrated broad cardioprotective properties. However, the effects of OL on AS remain to be fully elucidated.

Ultrathin WO·HO nanosheets derived from the Aurivillius phase for high-performance dual-band electrochromic smart windows.

The performance of electrochromic materials is determined by the ion and electron transport. The ion diffusion within active materials generally represents a fundamental limitation for improving electrochromic performance. To enable efficient ion diffusion and ion insertion/extraction, reducing the size and thickness of the active materials is highly desirable.

From sting to STING: role of inflammation in wasp sting induced AKI - a narrative review.

Multiple wasp stings that induce acute kidney injury (AKI) pose a significant threat to human health. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of inflammation in wasp sting-induced AKI. Relevant clinical studies, although limited in scope, have reported elevated levels of various inflammatory mediators in patients.

Research on the impact of the urban park built environment on physical activity.

Urban parks provide important places for the public to engage in physical activities. However, certain aspects of the built environment may affect residents' physical activities in these parks, and these aspects may vary depending on the city context. Studies have not yet fully explored the factors affecting physical activities in urban parks in Chengdu, China.

Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Coloenterostomy With a Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent for Malignant Small Bowel Obstruction.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided coloenterostomy (EUS-CE) using lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) has emerged as a potential alternative for the palliative treatment of malignant small bowel obstruction (MSBO). However, the long-term outcomes of EUS-CE remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of EUS-CE, focusing on long-term outcomes.

Advancements in hydrogel applications for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder that significantly impacts patient quality of life. Conventional interventions, including pharmacological and surgical approaches, have demonstrated numerous limitations and are inadequate for cartilage regeneration. Recently, hydrogels, as biomaterials characterized by a distinctive three-dimensional network structure, superior biocompatibility, and adjustable mechanical properties, have shown promising potential in OA therapy.

Ultrafast Study of Interfacial Charge Transfer Mechanism in Assembled Systems of CsPbBr and Titanium Dioxide: Size Effect of CsPbBr.

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots, also known as perovskite nanocrystals, are considered one of the most promising photovoltaic materials for solar cells due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and simple preparation techniques. The key factors restricting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell systems are the separation and transmission performances of charge carriers. Here, femtosecond time-resolved ultrafast spectroscopy was used to measure the interfacial charge transfer dynamics of different sizes of CsPbBr assembled with TiO.

IL-17A inhibitors modulate skin microbiome in psoriasis: implications for microbial homeostasis.

Background: The IL-17A inhibitors target aberrant immune responses in psoriasis but also impacts the host's defense against infections. The effects of this treatment on skin microorganisms and microbiome-encoded metabolic pathways remain unclear.

Objectives: This was an exploratory clinical study designed to investigate whether Psoriasis is associated with skin microbiota, as well as a longitudinal cohort study aimed at revealing the effects of IL-17A inhibitor treatment on skin microbiota in Psoriasis.

Ultrasound treatment improves the quality and nutritional stability of tender coconut water during storage: Mechanistic insights into enzymatic inhibition.

This study investigated the effects of ultrasound (US) treatment on tender coconut water (TCW), focusing on its quality, nutritional properties, antioxidant capacity, and enzymatic activity during storage. The inhibitory mechanisms of US on enzymatic reactions were further explored through structural characterization and molecular docking analysis. The results showed that US-treated TCW exhibited improved physicochemical stability, higher polyphenol content, and enhanced antioxidant activity during storage at 25 °C for 15 days.

Progress in Mechanistic Research and the Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Malignant Pleural Effusion.

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the chest cavity, secondary to metastasis from a primary pleural tumor or malignant neoplasms originating from other anatomical sites. MPE is associated with a poor prognosis. Consequently, timely and effective prevention and management of MPE are critical.

Proteomic Profiling of Urinary Large Extracellular Vesicles for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer.

Distinguishing between prostate cancer (PCa) and prostatitis poses a challenge in clinical settings, often resulting in overdiagnosis and treatment. Large extracellular vesicles (lEVs) extracted from urine samples of patients may contain information about prostate pathology and are, therefore, potential biopsies for early PCa detection. This research endeavors to create a urinary lEV-centric proteomic approach for early PCa identification.

An Overview of Industrial Enzyme Engineering to Achieve a pH Adaptability-Activity Trade-Off: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Enzyme preparations are highly valued in various industries due to their specificity and eco-friendliness. However, natural enzymes often face challenges in extreme pH conditions due to their narrow optimal pH ranges. This limitation highlights the need for enzyme modification that can expand their pH adaptability, enhance stability and activity across varying pH levels, and ultimately increase their industrial utility.

Analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics and risk factors for missed diagnosis in synchronous multiple early gastric cancer.

Aims: This study aimed to enhance synchronous multiple early gastric cancer (SMEGC) detection by analyzing clinicopathological features, correlations between main/minor lesions in SMEGC and gastric high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (GHGIN), and identifying risk factors for missed diagnoses.

Method: A cross-sectional analysis included 130 patients with SMEGC or GHGIN undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. Clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated, with lesions classified as main or minor.

U-shaped relationship between the non-HDL to HDL cholesterol ratio and mortality in hypertensive individuals in the study from NHANES database.

The ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) is an emerging lipid parameter. An association has been demonstrated with cardiovascular mortality. This study aimed to investigate the link between NHHR and mortality among hypertensive patients.

OPUS-BFactor: Predicting Protein B-Factor with Sequence and Structure Information.

Protein B-factor, also known as the Debye-Waller temperature factor or atomic displacement parameter, measures the thermal fluctuation of an atom around its average position. It serves as a crucial indicator of protein flexibility and dynamics. However, accurately predicting the B-factor of Cα atoms remains challenging.

Controlling the photoluminescence chromaticity of emissive copper nanoclusters ligand engineering.

Ligand effect was exploited to control the electronic structures of three structural comparable Cu nanoclusters in terms of their charge transfer processes, thereby accomplishing the regulation of their emission wavelengths. Specifically, the photoluminescence chromaticity of three Cu clusters corresponds to green, yellow and orange, respectively.

Efficacy and safety of interferon alpha-2b aerosol therapy for patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant: A randomized controlled single-blind study.

The efficacy of Type I interferon (IFN) in treating COVID-19 has remained controversial. In this study, we conducted a randomized, single-blind clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of recombinant human interferon alpha 2b (IFN-alpha2b) in treating COVID-19 patients during the Omicron outbreak in Shanghai in 2022. The study cohort included 505 patients, classified as asymptomatic, mild, or moderate based on clinical symptoms.

Elevated drain fluid calprotectin as a predictor of early anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery.

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a major cause of postoperative mortality following colorectal cancer surgery. This prospective investigation sought to establish the diagnostic utility of perioperative drain fluid calprotectin quantification in anticipating anastomotic complications following colorectal resections.

Methods: A consecutive cohort of 306 subjects undergoing anterior resection for sigmoid colon or rectal cancer were prospectively enrolled and stratified based on postoperative clinical outcomes: 25 cases developing AL (Group A) versus 281 without AL (Group B).

Synergistic Structural-Compositional Modification of VO/C Films for Enhanced Multicolor Electrochromic Devices.

The color variations of electrochromic materials originate from the redox reaction triggered by the coinjection of electrons and ions under an applied electric field. Hence, the performance of electrochromic materials is highly dependent on the ion-electron transport process. However, the simultaneous realization of efficient ion and electron transport remains challenging.

Self-assembled enzyme biosensors based on xanthine oxidase (XO) and CS@GO for screening natural products for anti-gout active ingredients.

Gout is a joint disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate, the incidence of which shows an escalating trend annually while demonstrating a propensity toward younger populations, whereas available pharmacological interventions frequently induce severe adverse effects. In this investigation, a highly sensitive electrochemical enzyme biosensor was constructed based on the pivotal role of xanthine oxidase (XO); the enzymatic activity was enhanced through chitosan - functionalized graphene oxide (CS@GO)-modified electrodes coupled with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which, when integrated with their superior electrical conductivity along with exceptional biocompatibility, facilitated the highly efficient screening of anti-gout components within natural products. Following optimization of critical parameters, evaluation of 14 compounds revealed five plant extracts (accounting for 28 % of samples) exhibiting XO inhibition exceeding 83 %, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to allopurinol (83.

Carboxylic Acid Tailoring in Thioquinolobactin Biosynthesis.

The biosynthetic mechanism underlying the formation of thiocarboxylic acid moieties in natural products remains largely unknown. Thioquinolobactin (TQB) is a derived siderophore that contains a thiocarboxylic acid moiety within its structure. Although the biosynthetic gene cluster and proposed pathway for TQB formation have been reported, the biosynthetic mechanism related to the thiocarboxylic acid formation are yet to be fully understood.