Genetic burden and multidimensional predictors in prenatal diagnosis of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

This study aims to assess the genetic burden of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and identify prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal predictors to improve early diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention. This study included 130 CDH fetuses who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis, with fetal prognosis evaluated using imaging parameters such as observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio (o/e LHR), observed-to-expected total lung volume (o/e TLV), and percent predicted lung volume (PPLV). Clinical outcomes included neonatal outcomes, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) requirement, and post-neonatal prognosis.

Proteomic insights into lipid degradation and volatile compound changes during foxtail millet storage.

Foxtail millet quality deteriorates during storage, but the mechanisms behind aging-related changes are not fully understood. This study investigated lipid degradation and volatile compound changes in stored foxtail millets, employing proteomics to uncover underlying quality decline mechanisms. After 30 days, fatty acid contents increased, accompanied by a general coarser grain surface texture.

Chromatin Accessibility Dynamics Reveal Conserved Transcriptional Regulatory Networks During Insect Metamorphosis in and .

Insect metamorphosis is a complex developmental process regulated by hormonal signaling and gene transcription. To elucidate its transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, we examined chromatin accessibility dynamics during metamorphosis in two holometabolous insects, and , using ATAC-seq. Our analysis revealed distinct stage-specific chromatin accessibility patterns, with peak accessibility during the prepupal stage in and the wandering larval to prepupal transition in .

Exogenous Fe(II) enhanced iron plaque formation influences the adsorption and immobilization of Cd in rice root.

Background: Iron plaque on the rice rhizoplane could potentially prevent cadmium (Cd) entry into plant roots. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the morphological characteristics and mineral compositions of iron plaque, Cd immobilization mechanism by iron plaque, and its effect on Cd uptake and transport in rice.

Results: Exogenous divalent iron ion (Fe(II)) could induce the formation of deep-red iron plaque on rice rhizoplane, which primarily consisted of ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite, iron phosphate, and iron sulfate compounds.

Tungsten Species on Beta Zeolite with Abundant Silanol Nests for Efficient Olefin Metathesis.

Tungstate-based catalysts for olefin metathesis generally suffer from insufficient reaction rates, which require relatively high temperatures for the satisfied activities. This issue is mainly due to the shortage of active WO species related to intrinsic low adsorption and poor activation of olefin molecules. Herein, we found that the silanol nests in dealuminated Beta zeolite (DeAl-Beta) were favorable for high dispersion of tungsten species, forming active WO species on the zeolite, which was helpful for the adsorption and activation of olefin molecules, thus facilitating the generation of metallocycle intermediates.

Ultralow Content of Chromium Species in Zeolite for Efficient Catalytic Propane Dehydrogenation.

Supported chromia catalysts have been commercially used in propane dehydrogenation, which relies on Cr loading at weight fractions of up to 20 wt %. This leads to problems in managing spent catalysts with a high content of toxic chromium species. These catalysts also rapidly deactivate within 10-15 min, requiring frequent regeneration in each cycle.

Ultrathin WO·HO nanosheets derived from the Aurivillius phase for high-performance dual-band electrochromic smart windows.

The performance of electrochromic materials is determined by the ion and electron transport. The ion diffusion within active materials generally represents a fundamental limitation for improving electrochromic performance. To enable efficient ion diffusion and ion insertion/extraction, reducing the size and thickness of the active materials is highly desirable.

Multi-ancestral genome-wide association study of clinically defined nicotine dependence reveals strong genetic correlations with other substance use disorders and health-related traits.

Background: Genetic research on nicotine dependence has utilized multiple assessments that are in weak agreement.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of nicotine dependence defined using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-NicDep) in 61,861 individuals (47,884 of European ancestry [EUR], 10,231 of African ancestry, and 3,746 of East Asian ancestry) and compared the results to other nicotine-related phenotypes.

Results: We replicated the well-known association at the locus (lead single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP]: rs147144681,  = 1.

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with borderline resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The optimal treatment strategy for patients with borderline resectable (cT3br) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the perioperative outcomes and prognoses between neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (NACI) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) in cT3br ESCC patients.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with cT3br ESCC who received either NACI or NCRT followed by surgery between January 2016 and December 2022 were identified.

promotes cervical cancer angiogenesis by upregulating SCD to activate ERK pathway.

Accumulating evidence indicates that virginal microbiota dysbiosis is a distinct feature of cervical cancer. As cervical lesions progress towards malignancy, the dominance of species within the vaginal microbiota is progressively replaced by anaerobic bacteria, with () being a noticeable one. Despite this well-documented microbial shift, the precise functional role of in cervical cancer development and progression has remained unclear.

MDM2-GPX4-ferroptosis regulatory axis exerts neurotoxic effects in intracerebral hemorrhage.

Ferroptosis plays a key role in nerve injury in intracerebral hemorrhage and is associated with the upregulation of murine double minute 2. Investigating the mechanism underlying murine double minute 2-related ferroptosis could help identify new therapies for intracerebral hemorrhage. An in vitro intracerebral hemorrhage model was established by treating BV2 microglial cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation combined with hemin.

WDM-UNet: A Wavelet-Deformable Gated Fusion Network for Multi-Scale Retinal Vessel Segmentation.

Retinal vessel segmentation in fundus images is critical for diagnosing microvascular and ophthalmologic diseases. However, the task remains challenging due to significant vessel width variation and low vessel-to-background contrast. To address these limitations, we propose WDM-UNet, a novel spatial-wavelet dual-domain fusion architecture that integrates spatial and wavelet-domain representations to simultaneously enhance the local detail and global context.

Visualizing the internalization and biological impact of nanoplastics in live intestinal organoids by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM).

Increased micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) pollution poses significant health risks, yet the mechanisms of their accumulation and effects on absorptive tissues remain poorly understood. Addressing this knowledge gap requires tractable models coupled to dynamic live cell imaging methods, enabling multi-parameter single cell analysis. We report a new method combining adult stem cell-derived small intestinal organoid cultures with live fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to study MNP interactions with gut epithelium.

Application of P16/Ki-67 dual-staining for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions in the triage of patients with minor abnormal cytology: A meta-analysis.

Background: The p16/Ki-67 dual-staining is increasingly applied to increase diagnostic accuracy in detecting high-grade cervical lesions, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Grade 2 (CIN2+) and CIN3+.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance of p16/Ki-67 dual-staining with the human papillomavirus (HPV) tests in the triage of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) cytology results.

Search Strategy: Publications before April 27, 2024, were identified through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library.

The evolving global burden of ADHD: A comprehensive analysis and future projections (1990-2046).

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting cognitive, behavioral, and social functions, and imposing a substantial global economic burden.

Objective: ADHD often persists into adulthood, creating ongoing challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the global ADHD disease burden, including future projections to inform long-term public health strategies.

Unraveling the Extraction and Complexation Trends of Rare-Earth Elements with a Nitrilotriacetamide Ligand.

The nitrilotriacetamide -octyl derivative ligand (NTAamide(-Oct)) is promising for minor actinide/lanthanide separation, yet periodic trends in its extraction and complexation across the lanthanide series remained unclear. This study systematically investigated its behavior with trivalent rare-earth ions (Ln, Y, and Sc) using solvent extraction, H NMR titration, UV-vis spectrophotometric titration, microcalorimetric titration, single-crystal X-ray diffractometry, ESI-MS, and FTIR. Key findings reveal opposing ionic radius dependencies.

Utilization of a bioinspired algorithm for optimum reservoir operation in an altering climate a case study of China.

Reservoir structures have been affected due to the climate challenge, which directly affects inflow conditions and water resource management. A combined model is used in the present study for predicting inflows in the future with respect to climate change This research presents an innovative framework in the management of a climate-resilient reservoir combining the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) with Capsule Neural Networks (Caps-Net), Modified Seagull Optimization Algorithms (MSOA). Modified Seagull Optimization Algorithm (MSOA) improves reservoir Rule Curves for changing hydrology and reduced operational risks.

Acupuncture for preventing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most prevalent non-haematological, dose-limiting adverse event associated with platinum derivatives and taxanes. Currently, no effective prophylactic interventions for CIPN have been established. However, several studies have shown that acupuncture may alleviate symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, proposing it as a potentially effective strategy for CIPN prevention.

Empirical Derivation and Prediction of Treatment Trajectories in Harmonized AUD Clinical Trial Datasets.

In clinical settings targeting alcohol use disorder (AUD), it is often unclear whether a treatment option may best suit a patient's clinical needs. Clinicians providing AUD treatment are often required to predict patients' responses to guide treatment decisions. Recently, machine learning approaches have been used as tools in precision medicine to help guide these clinical decisions.

Application of aurintricarboxylic acid to boost CHO cell performance.

Purpose: Currently, a robust process using healthy Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the dominating host for biopharmaceutical protein therapeutics, is crucial for high productivity and successful scaling-up. However, issues which are originated from cell performance and detrimental to protein products such as dramatic viability drop and accumulation of toxic metabolites still exist. Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA), reported as an antioxidant chelator to prevent apoptosis and boost cell growth, was applied as an additive in this study to address the above problems.

An Improved Diagnostic Deep Learning Model for Cervical Lymphadenopathy Characterization.

Objective: To validate the diagnostic performance of a B-mode ultrasound-based deep learning (DL) model in distinguishing benign and malignant cervical lymphadenopathy (CLP).

Methods: A total of 210 CLPs with conclusive pathological results were retrospectively included and separated as training (n = 169) or test cohort (n = 41) randomly at a ratio of 4:1. A DL model integrating convolutional neural network, deformable convolution network and attention mechanism was developed.

A contextual genomic perspective on physical activity and its relationship to health, well being and illness.

Physical activity (PA) is one of the most fundamental traits in the animal kingdom, has pervasive health benefits, and is genetically influenced. Using data from the Million Veteran Program, we conducted genetic analyses of leisure, work and home-time PA. For leisure, we included 189,812 individuals of European ancestry (SNP-based heritability (h) = 0.

Exosome-mediated miRNA delivery: a molecular switch for reshaping neuropathic pain therapy.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition caused by nerve injury or disease. It remains a therapeutic challenge because conventional drugs have limited efficacy and cause adverse effects. Exosomes, with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, low immunogenicity, and tissue-homing capacity, have emerged as promising nanovehicles for precise microRNA (miRNA) delivery to modulate key NP pathologies such as neuroinflammation, neuronal hyperexcitability, mechanical allodynia, and thermal hyperalgesia.

Decoding EGFR A289 Mutation in Glioblastoma: A Predictive Biomarker Framework and Targeted Therapeutic Insights.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant intracranial tumor, accounting for over 50% of central nervous system tumors. Among EGFR mutations in GBM, A289 is a prevalent point mutation associated with poor prognosis, yet its unique characteristics and role in malignant progression remain unclear. To address this, we analyzed EGFR A289 mutation frequency by integrating tumor mutation data from TCGA and CGGA databases as well as Beijing Tiantan Hospital's Neuropathology Center.