Optically encoded microspheres in liquid-phase suspension array technology for immunoluminescence diagnostics: A review.

Liquid-phase suspension array technology (SAT), based on optically encoded microspheres, overcomes limitations of traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescence detection techniques via meeting high-throughput and multiplexing demands in biosensing and diagnosis. It demonstrates significant advantages in terms of accuracy, speed, sensitivity, and multiplex detection capabilities, and has become an emerging research hotspot in the field of luminescent immunodiagnostics. With rapid advancement of nanotechnology and multi-functional nanomaterials, liquid-phase suspension array chips have achieved remarkable progresses in multiplex analysis capacity, encoding capacity, encoding efficiency, detection sensitivity, decoding methods, and application fields.

An injectable nanosuspension based on orthoester and biomimetic carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for chemo/thermo-synergistic tumor therapy.

The primary objective of this study was to develop a nanosuspension based on orthoester compounds (OE) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) for the combined treatment of tumors. Initially, OE was synthesized as a liquid pharmaceutical excipient. Subsequently, nanoparticles were formulated using CMCS and loaded with mitoxantrone (MIT).

Ag → NiO electron cascade-driven cocatalysts enable efficient photocatalytic ammonia-to-hydrogen conversion.

Suppressing photoinduced charge recombination represents a critical challenge in photocatalytic ammonia (NH) decomposition for hydrogen (H) production. Herein, we propose a dual-cocatalyst system comprising plasmonic silver (Ag) and nickel oxide (NiO), which synergistically construct an Ag → titanium dioxide (TiO) → NiO directional electron cascade on TiO surfaces through work-function-induced interfacial charge transfer. The optimized 3 %Ag-1 %NiO-TiO reaches a significantly photocatalytic H production rate of 2366.

ScisTree2 enables large-scale inference of cell lineage trees and genotype calling using efficient local search.

In a multicellular organism, cell lineages share a common evolutionary history. Knowing this history can facilitate the study of development, aging, and cancer. Cell lineage trees represent the evolutionary history of cells sampled from an organism.

The comparison of the prognostic value of different inflammation-related indicators in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of inflammation markers for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and sought to analyze the reasons behind it and its value for clinical guidance.

Methods: This study enrolled 624 patients with OSCC who were surgically treated in our hospital. Clinical baseline data and peripheral blood routine/biochemical parameters were collected within 1 week before surgery.

Epigenome editing based treatment: Progresses and challenges.

Epigenome editing is emerging as a transformative approach in clinical treatment, enabling precise modifications to gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. The ongoing transition of epigenome editing techniques from foundational research to clinical applications highlights several key strategies. These include targeted DNA methylation/demethylation, histone modification, and transcriptional regulation.

Applications of machine learning for computer-aided diagnosis of Parkinson's disease: progress and benchmark case study.

Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a vital tool for the diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease (PD). This study presents a comprehensive review on the applications of ML for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of PD. We conducted a comprehensive review by searching articles published from 2010 till 2024.

Ceramic-in-Polymer Composite Solid Electrolyte Enabled by Metal-Sulfur Interactions with Enhanced Li-Ion Conductivity.

Ceramic-in-polymer composite solid electrolytes (SEs) show great potential for meeting the high-performance requirements of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) due to the combined benefits of easy processability, tunable Li-ion conductivity, wide electrochemical window, and facile interfacial contact with the Li-metal anode. However, their Li-ion conductivity remains lower than that of the pure ceramic phase, which can be attributed to the highly resistive ceramic/polymer interphase. In this paper, we introduced sulfur-containing functional groups through a less-explored metal/sulfur interaction strategy, enabling simultaneous modification of the polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) polymer scaffold and the LiLaZrTaO (LLZO) ceramic surface.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence and infection risk factors of Trichomonas vaginalis.

Trichomoniasis is a globally prevalent sexually transmitted disease; however, comprehensive data on its global prevalence and incidence are relatively limited. In this study, we systematically retrieved relevant articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Ovid-Medline, and Web of Science to analyze the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and its association with various infection risk factors. Among 5,437 publications released between 1992 and 2023, 425 articles focusing on the epidemiology of T.

On-chip integration of a tunable metalens and deformed multimode waveguide for a speckle spectrometer.

We proposed and demonstrated a silicon photonic speckle spectrometer by integration of a thermo-optic on-chip tunable metalens and a deformed multimode waveguide based on a multimode interferometer (MMI) with edge defects. The tunable metalens enables selective excitation of the MMI from 11 input waveguides while maintaining a much more compact footprint than a conventional optical switch array. The artificially introduced edge defects facilitate the scrambling of the optical waves in the multimode region, which improves the resolution of the speckle spectrometer.

Enhancing Catalysis and Sieving Polysulfides by Oxygen Vacancy-Rich Separator Modifier for High-Performance Li-S Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been hindered by the low active material utilization, sluggish kinetics and Li anode corrosion caused by the dissolution of Li polysulfides (LiPSs) intermediates. To solve these problems simultaneously, Fe-doped HTiO anchored on the reduced graphene oxide (rGO/HTiO-Fe) is designed via dopant selection and doping content optimization as a novel separator modifier. Tunable Fe-doping induces the controllable generation of oxygen vacancies (OVs), endowing rGO/HTiO-Fe with suitable Lewis acid character, which causes a sieving effect via the differentiated adsorption between OVs and various LiPSs.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) drives hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy through high-copy amplification of chromosome 1q21-derived PIP5K1A oncogene.

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) drives oncogene amplification in multiple malignancies, yet its landscape and clinical relevance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly characterized. Here, we performed Circle-seq and RNA-seq on six pairs of HCC tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissues, identifying a 3 Mb extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) from chromosome 1q21 in 50 % tumor samples. This ecDNA contained multiple genes, but functional analysis prioritized PIP5K1A due to its central role in PI3K/AKT signaling and association with poor prognosis.

Orthogonal Holographic and Multicolor Fluorescent Images via Aggregation Caused Quenching and Aggregation Induced Emission Nanoparticles with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer.

Achieving crosstalk-free, multimodal photopatterning within a single material element is crucial for enhancing information storage capacity and security. Herein, we report composite dye nanoparticles constructed via supramolecular encapsulation of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) dyes by an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) matrix. This architecture enables efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from tetraphenylethylene (TPE) to 2,5-bis(4-(diethylamino)-benzylidene)cyclopentanone (BDEA), resulting in dual-mode optical encoding.

Comprehensive analysis of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant tumor originating from the renal tubular epithelium and is the 14th most common cancer worldwide, causing around 180,000 deaths annually. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the predominant subtype, accounting for 70-80% of cases. The potential of the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) family members in tumor progression and immune evasion has garnered significant attention.

Effect of maternal work shifts and household income on preterm birth: A nested case-control study.

Objective: To assess how maternal work shifts impact preterm birth (PTB) onset and to evaluate the modifying effect of maternal household income on this association.

Methods: We analyzed a prospective cohort nested case-control sample, of all residents in Wuhan from 2011 to 2013. All births in the city-center districts were included, and a home-visit interview was conducted for all sampled births to collect data on factors such as maternal health, behaviors, and occupational and environmental exposures.

Research on the pathogen causing root rot on from the perspectives of identification, bionomics, fungicide sensitivity assay, and transcriptome analysis under different pH stress.

In recent years, root rot disease has occurred in Yunnan and caused significant economic losses to local plantation farmers, the pathogen was identified as through morphological and molecular method. The indoor toxicity testing and biological characteristic research on were carried out. Additionally, the transcriptional regulatory mechanism under different pH stress conditions was studied.

Proton Switch Enabled Rich (100) Crystal Facet of CuVS Microspheres for Efficient Intercalation-Transformation Ion Storage.

Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are receiving great attention due to their abundant resources and high intrinsic safety. However, the strong interaction between Mg ions and slow diffusion kinetics in electrochemical reaction result in poor Mg-storage performance. Herein, CuVS microspheres with rich (100) crystal facets and cubic primary particles are constructed by the precise regulation of the proton switch.

A Soft-Fault Diagnosis Method for Coastal Lightning Location Networks Based on Observer Pattern.

Coastal areas are prone to thunderstorms. Lightning strikes can damage power facilities and communication systems, thereby leading to serious consequences. The lightning location network achieves lightning location through data fusion from multiple lightning locator nodes and can detect the location and intensity of lightning in real time.

Does Salt Form Matter? A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Crystalline and Regular Glucosamine Sulfate in Healthy Volunteers.

: Crystalline glucosamine sulfate (cGS) claims to be a stabilized form of glucosamine sulfate with a defined crystalline structure intended to enhance chemical stability. It is proposed to offer pharmacokinetic advantages over regular glucosamine sulfate (rGS) which is stabilized with potassium or sodium chloride. However, comparative human bioavailability data are limited.

Quasi-continuous single-mode tuning of a circularly polarized microcavity laser via the reflection phase.

Tunable lasers have garnered significant attention due to their pivotal roles in various fields, such as biomedical imaging, quantum optics, and spectroscopy. Laser tuning has been demonstrated either discretely based on mode-hopping or continuously on the resonator length and refractive index. By taking cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) as an example, we demonstrate quasi-continuous wavelength tuning of a circularly polarized microcavity laser, which is a sandwiched structure comprising two CLC layers and an isotropic polymer layer.

High extinction-ratio thin-film lithium niobate modulator integrated with TE-pass waveguide polarizer.

Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) modulators are expected to play a key role in next-generation optical communication systems. In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a TFLN Mach-Zehnder modulator (TFLN-MZM) with high extinction ratio (ER). The fabricated modulator has achieved the ER of 41 dB by integrating a waveguide polarizer, an intentional input-output waveguide misalignment, and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure composed of 1 × 2 multimode interferometers (MMIs).

An annotated chromosome-level genome of a troglophilic spider (Pimoa clavata).

Climatic upheavals throughout Earth's history have driven species to subterranean refugia, where stable microclimates buffer environmental extremes. The spider family Pimoidae, relict lineages sensitive to thermal fluctuations, exemplifies this climate-driven habitat transition. Here, we present the first chromosome-level genome of Pimoa clavata, a troglophilic spider endemic to Beijing's mountainous caves.

The revelation of UCHL1 in malignant epithelial cells of TNBC reinforcing cisplatin resistance by modulating ferroptosis based on single-cell transcriptome data.

Chemotherapy resistance is a key obstacle in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) plays a pivotal part in revealing the mechanism of drug resistance in tumors. This work aimed to explore the molecular events driving TNBC resistance based on scRNA-seq data.

Triple-Anion Coordination Design for Tuning Li Transport Energy Barrier and Promoting the Performance of Li-Ion Battery.

The complex phase transitions of lithiated phosphorus (P) species-derived interfacial side reactions can be substantially mitigated through a triple-anion coordination design within the solvation sheath. Our results indicate that the triple-anion electrolyte exhibits an expanded energy level distribution of solvation sheaths, a low barrier for migrating Li solvation sheath, a high Li-anion coordination number, a low Li-ether solvent coordination number and an effective NO -FSI-TFSI adsorption-decomposition-sustained release cooperative mechanism that generates a robust rigid-soft coupled SEI layer during the cycling process. When coupled with a LiFePO cathode, the full cell utilizing the triple-anion ether electrolyte demonstrates superior stability compared to cells using commercial LiPF-EC/DEC electrolytes.