Personal care product use and risk of adult-onset asthma: Prospective cohort analyses of U.S. Women from the Sister Study.

Background: Population studies have found associations between prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in personal care products (PCPs) and childhood asthma; however, few have examined adult-onset asthma. We investigated the associations between commonly used PCPs and the risk of adult-onset asthma in a prospective cohort study of U.S.

Novel and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in humans: Long-term temporal variability and metabolic perturbations.

As legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are phased out, numerous substitutes have emerged, raising concerns about their potential health impacts. Using targeted and untargeted approaches, we evaluated plasma PFAS on an -omic scale, examining temporal variability and associated metabolomic disruptions. A total of 400 blood samples from 200 Sister Study participants (collected in 2007-2008 and 2013-2014) were analyzed using liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Personal care product use and risk of adult-onset asthma: findings from the Sister Study.

Background: Personal care products (PCPs) contain endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) linked to hormonally-sensitive diseases. Population studies have found associations between prenatal EDC exposure and childhood asthma; however, few have investigated adult-onset asthma.

Objectives: We investigated the associations between commonly used PCPs and the risk of adult-onset asthma in a prospective cohort study of U.

Hair Straightener Use in Relation to Prevalent and Incident Fibroids in the Sister Study with a Focus on Black Women.

Background: Uterine fibroids disproportionately affect Black women, and exposure to chemicals from hair relaxers or straighteners ("straighteners") may contribute to fibroid development.

Objectives: We examined the association between straightener use and prevalent young-onset uterine fibroids (diagnosed before age 36 y), as well as incident fibroids (diagnosed age 36-60 y), with a focus on Black women. We also examined differences in associations across birth cohorts as proxies for formulation changes.

A Prospective Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Early Pregnancy to Delivery in the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort.

Background: Longitudinal trends in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) serum concentrations across pregnancy have not been thoroughly examined, despite evidence linking prenatal PFAS exposures with adverse birth outcomes.

Objectives: We sought to characterize longitudinal PFAS concentrations across pregnancy and to examine the maternal-fetal transfer ratio among participants in a study of risk and protective factors for adverse birth outcomes among African Americans.

Methods: In the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child cohort (2014-2020), we quantified serum concentrations of four PFAS in 376 participants and an additional eight PFAS in a subset of 301 participants during early (8-14 weeks gestation) and late pregnancy (24-30 weeks gestation).

Residential proximity to toxic metal-emitting industrial sites and toenail metal concentrations in a United States-wide prospective cohort.

Background: Industrial facilities across the United States (US) release millions of pounds of toxic chemicals, including metals. Exposure to toxic metals has been associated with adverse health outcomes, but there is limited evidence on the association between living near metal-releasing facilities and the body burden of emitted compounds.

Objective: To investigate the association between residential proximity to toxic metal-emitting industrial facilities and toenail metal concentrations and to evaluate whether associations differed by race.

Associations between use of chemical hair products and epigenetic age: Findings from the Sister Study.

Background: Hair products may be a source of harmful chemicals and have been linked to age-related health outcomes. We investigated whether the use of hair products is related to epigenetic age in a sample of Black (both Hispanic and non-Hispanic) and non-Hispanic White women.

Methods: In a subset of 4358 participants aged 35-74 years from the Sister Study, we estimated cross-sectional associations between self-reported use of four chemical hair products (permanent dye, semipermanent dye, straighteners/relaxers, and hair permanents/body waves) in the year before enrollment (2003-2009) and three DNA methylation-based measures of epigenetic age (DunedinPACE, GrimAge age acceleration [GrimAgeAccel], and PhenoAge age acceleration [PhenoAgeAccel]) using survey-weighted multivariable linear regressions.

Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.

We synthesized the epidemiologic evidence on the associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and breast cancer risk. Our systematic review and meta-analysis included 18 and 11 articles, respectively, covering studies up to February 2023. The summary relative risks (RRs) estimated by random-effects meta-analyses did not support an association between PFAS and overall breast cancer risk (eg, a natural log (ln)-unit increase in serum/plasma concentrations [ng/mL] for perfluorooctanoate [PFOA] RR = 0.

Outdoor air pollution exposure and uterine cancer incidence in the Sister Study.

Background: Outdoor air pollution is a ubiquitous exposure that includes endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic compounds that may contribute to the risk of hormone-sensitive outcomes such as uterine cancer. However, there is limited evidence about the relationship between outdoor air pollution and uterine cancer incidence.

Methods: We investigated the associations of residential exposure to particulate matter less than 2.

Personal Care Product Use during Puberty and Incident Breast Cancer among Black, Hispanic/Latina, and White Women in a Prospective US-Wide Cohort.

Background: Some personal care products (PCPs) contain endocrine-disrupting chemicals that may affect breast cancer (BC) risk. Patterns of use vary by race and ethnicity. Use often starts in adolescence, when rapidly developing breast tissue may be more susceptible to environmental carcinogens.

Use of personal care product mixtures and incident hormone-sensitive cancers in the Sister Study: A U.S.-wide prospective cohort.

Background: Personal care products (PCPs), a source of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure, may be associated with the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers. Few studies have investigated associations for PCP use with the incidence of hormone-sensitive cancers or considered the joint effect of multiple correlated PCPs. We examined associations between frequently used, or "everyday", PCPs and incident cancers of the breast, ovary, and uterus with a fucus on the joint effect of multiple product exposure.

Opportunities, challenges, and future directions for simulation modeling the effects of structural racism on cancer mortality in the United States: a scoping review.

Purpose: Structural racism could contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in cancer mortality via its broad effects on housing, economic opportunities, and health care. However, there has been limited focus on incorporating structural racism into simulation models designed to identify practice and policy strategies to support health equity. We reviewed studies evaluating structural racism and cancer mortality disparities to highlight opportunities, challenges, and future directions to capture this broad concept in simulation modeling research.

Air pollution and epigenetic aging among Black and White women in the US.

Background: DNA methylation-based measures of biological aging have been associated with air pollution and may link pollutant exposures to aging-related health outcomes. However, evidence is inconsistent and there is little information for Black women.

Objective: We examined associations of ambient particulate matter <2.

Newborn metabolomic signatures of maternal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure and reduced length of gestation.

Marginalized populations experience disproportionate rates of preterm birth and early term birth. Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been reported to reduce length of gestation, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we characterized the molecular signatures of prenatal PFAS exposure and gestational age at birth outcomes in the newborn dried blood spot metabolome among 267 African American dyads in Atlanta, Georgia between 2016 and 2020.

Use of Straighteners and Other Hair Products and Incident Uterine Cancer.

Background: Hair products may contain hazardous chemicals with endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic properties. Previous studies have found hair product use to be associated with a higher risk of hormone-sensitive cancers including breast and ovarian cancer; however, to our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the relationship with uterine cancer.

Methods: We examined associations between hair product use and incident uterine cancer among 33 947 Sister Study participants aged 35-74 years who had a uterus at enrollment (2003-2009).

Evaluation of the Use of Saliva Metabolome as a Surrogate of Blood Metabolome in Assessing Internal Exposures to Traffic-Related Air Pollution.

In the omics era, saliva, a filtrate of blood, may serve as an alternative, noninvasive biospecimen to blood, although its use for specific metabolomic applications has not been fully evaluated. We demonstrated that the saliva metabolome may provide sensitive measures of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and associated biological responses via high-resolution, longitudinal metabolomics profiling. We collected 167 pairs of saliva and plasma samples from a cohort of 53 college student participants and measured corresponding indoor and outdoor concentrations of six air pollutants for the dormitories where the students lived.

Serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) concentrations and predictors of exposure among pregnant African American women in the Atlanta area, Georgia.

Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been associated with adverse health outcomes, especially when exposure occurs within sensitive time windows such as the pre- and post-natal periods and early childhood. However, few studies have focused on PFAS exposure distribution and predictors in pregnant women, especially among African American women. We quantified serum concentrations of the four most common PFAS collected in all 453 participants and an additional 10 PFAS in 356 participants who were pregnant African American women enrolled from 2014 to 2018 in Atlanta, Georgia, and investigated the sociodemographic predictors of exposure.

High-Flow Nasal Cannula versus Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Patients with Heart Failure after Extubation: An Observational Cohort Study.

Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) has been widely applied in patients with high-risk extubation failure, including heart failure. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been demonstrated to benefit patients with heart failure by reducing cardiac preload. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of HFNC to NPPV for preventing extubation failure in patients with heart failure.

Serum concentrations of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the Michigan PBB Registry 40 years after the PBB contamination incident.

Widespread polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) contamination occurred in Michigan from 1973 to 1974, when PBBs were accidentally substituted for a nutritional supplement in livestock feed. People who lived in the state were exposed to PBBs via several routes including ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. PBBs sequestered in lipid-rich matrices such as adipose tissue, are slowly eliminated after entering the human body, and can also be transferred from a mother to her offspring through the placenta and breastfeeding.

Employing a Fuzzy-Based Grey Modeling Procedure to Forecast China's Sulfur Dioxide Emissions.

Effective determination of trends in sulfur dioxide emissions facilitates national efforts to draft an appropriate policy that aims to lower sulfur dioxide emissions, which is essential for reducing atmospheric pollution. However, to reflect the current situation, a favorable emission reduction policy should be based on updated information. Various forecasting methods have been developed, but their applications are often limited by insufficient data.