Unconventional strong 3p-3d orbital hybridization in sulfur-doped FeSe: for tailored ultrathin electromagnetic wave absorbers.

Anion doping engineering is an effective method to regulate the electronic structure of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), especially at the electron orbital level. Based on electromagnetic wave (EMW) loss theory, this study innovatively constructs dipole polarization sites S doping in FeSe. The electronic structure of these sites is systematically analyzed to reveal charge redistribution and bond hybridization induced by dopant incorporation.

Enhanced selectivity of platinum-modified tungsten oxide gas sensor through multivariate feature extraction and machine learning algorithms.

The limited selectivity of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors poses a significant challenge in accurately identifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within industrial environments. Here, platinum-modified tungsten oxide (Pt/WO) composite was successfully prepared through in-situ reduction, which not only possesses superior gas-sensing performance towards ppm-level triethylamine but also achieves robust humidity resistance and long-term stability. Benefiting from the catalytic sensitization of noble metal, the as-fabricated Pt/WO sensor exhibits improved sensitivity towards triethylamine as compared with the pristine tungsten oxide (WO) sensor.

Surfactant-Mediated Synthesis of PdPb Nanocatalysts toward Ethanol Electrooxidation.

The efficient electrooxidation of alcohols at fuel cell anodes remains fundamentally constrained by sluggish kinetics and catalyst instability, driving the pursuit of structurally tunable Pd-based nanocatalysts. Nevertheless, exerting precise structural control over nanomaterials to achieve efficient alcohol (e.g.

Nano hollow carbon sphere buffering design to address volume expansion in micro-silicon anodes of lithium-ion batteries.

Silicon-based materials are known as promising anodes for new-generation lithium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and various properties, but the huge volume expansion of silicon-based electrodes greatly limits their development. Herein, this study designs an integrated co-carbonized layer (CCL) silicon-based anode with nano hollow carbon sphere (HCS) buffer materials (HCSs/Si/G-CCL) to regulate the volume expansion of electrodes and effectively increase the content of active materials. As a result, the HCSs/Si/G-CCL electrode with buffer materials offered a good buffer effect, and the electrode expansion degree was only 4.

Non-planar A-D-A'-D-A type acceptors enabling EQEs over 5000% in near-infrared organic photomultiplying photodetectors.

We report two A-D-A'-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors, CS-3 and CS-4, with twisted backbones and low crystallinity. Despite these structural drawbacks, CS-3-based photomultiplying organic photodetectors exhibit an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5600% at 800 nm and detectivity exceeding 10 Jones. This work highlights the potential of non-planar molecular designs for achieving high-gain, broadband, near-infrared detection beyond conventional structure-performance expectations.

The key approach to fabricate ultra-high strength dual-phase titanium alloys and its practice.

In recent times, many researchers have done a lot of work on microstructure control and composition adjustment to obtain ultra-high strength dual-phase titanium alloys, but there has been almost no research that can elucidate the key factor affecting the strength of dual-phase titanium alloys. This article investigates the effects of five common microstructural parameters on the yield strength, indicating that compared to the other 4 variables, the α lamellar thickness is the key factor affecting the strength of titanium alloys. Refining the size of α-lamellae to the nanoscale while ensuring a relatively low content of the equiaxed α-phase is the key approach for obtaining ultra-high strength in dual-phase titanium alloys.

Visualization of Thermal-Induced Degradation Pathways of High-Ni Cathode: a Comparative Study in Solid Chloride and Liquid Electrolytes.

Nickel-rich-layered oxide cathodes are promising candidates for enhancing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. Higher energy density leads to severe oxygen release, poor thermal stability, and safety risks, as exothermic side reactions induce complex structural and chemical transformations at elevated temperatures. Herein, in-situ heating scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM)-ptychography to directly investigate the thermal degradation pathways of charged LiNiCoMnO in both solid chloride and liquid electrolytes is employed.

Pd Single-Atoms Doped CuP Quantum Dots with Moderately Optimized H* Sorption Behaviors for Actualizing the Multifunctional "Formaldehyde-Nitrate" Galvanic System.

Nitrate and formaldehyde, which are substantial wastes in industrial and agricultural effluents, pose significant hazards to the human health and ecosystem. Current purification technologies remain great challenges due to the unsatisfactory energy-intensive, time-consuming and noticeably costly reasons. Herein, a bifunctional electrocatalysts of Pd single-atoms doped CuP quantum dots (Pd-CuP SA-QDs) are reported to moderately optimize the H* sorption behaviors for accelerating the kinetics of nitrate reduction (NORR) and formaldehyde oxidation (FOR) reactions in a dual-directional way, thus realizing the high activity and selectivity for both cathodic ammonia (NH) synthesis and anodic H production concurrently.

Regioisomerization-Directed MR-TADF Emitters: Enhanced RISC and Suppressed Aggregation Toward High-Performance Narrowband Blue OLEDs.

The organic light-emitting diode (OLED) performance of multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters is fundamentally constrained by their slow reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) and pronounced aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Herein, through regioselective borylation, we design and synthesize a series of blue MR-TADF emitters. The regioisomerization-directed twist configuration synergistically enhances RISC while suppressing ACQ, without compromising spectral purity.

Flexible fibre-shaped fuel cells with gel-mediated internal pressure encapsulation.

The development of flexible fuel cells has been hindered by the rigid components and stringent requirements for pressure encapsulation and fuel sealing. Here we report an adaptive internal pressure encapsulation strategy that leverages the dynamic swelling behaviour of woven cotton fibres enclosed in a gel matrix in methanol. This strategy achieves simultaneous interfacial self-reinforcement and pressure modulation, enabling the fabrication of fibre-shaped direct methanol fuel cells.

Wide temperature range adaptable electric field driven binder for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries.

Stable operation over wide temperature ranges is still a great challenge for lithium-sulfur batteries facing actual operating environments. Electrocatalysis is an effective strategy to address the sluggish reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides at low temperatures and exacerbated shuttling effect at high temperatures; however, its practicality is still restricted by the structural stability of the support electrodes. In this work, a binder with wide temperature range adaptability is designed with a structure-modulated stable electrocatalytic mechanism, which can achieve effective adsorption and accelerated conversion of lithium polysulfides, and high-temperature self-repair and low-temperature internal support of electrodes.

Machine learning-assisted Ru-N bond regulation for ammonia synthesis.

Ruthenium-bearing intermetallics (Ru-IMCs) featured with well-defined structures and variable compositions offer new opportunities to develop ammonia synthesis catalysts under mild conditions. However, their complex phase nature and the numerous controlling parameters pose major challenges for catalyst design and exploration. Herein, we demonstrate that a combination of machine learning (ML) and model mining techniques can effectively address these challenges.

High-Entropy Alloy Electron-Penetrated Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Interface Breaking Activity-Stability Trade-off in Acidic Oxygen Reduction to HO.

The electrocatalytic two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e ORR) has emerged as an environmentally friendly approach for on-demand HO production. In acidic HO electrosynthesis, the active interfaces react with both oxygen-containing intermediates and oxidative acid, resulting in an activity-stability trade-off. Herein, we propose to construct a high-entropy alloy electron-penetrated and stable nitrogen-doped carbon interface for acidic electrosynthesis of HO.

Bilayer Flexible Films with Controllable Porous/Dense Structure via Single-Step Fabrication for Advanced Piezoelectric Wearables.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride--trifluoroethylene) (PVTF) have attracted significant attention in energy harvesters and piezoelectric sensing devices due to their inherent piezoelectric properties and exceptional flexibility. However, their limited piezoelectric performance restricts practical applications. Inspired by microstructural design principles and based on the traditional nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method, we developed a low-pressure-assisted in situ nonsolvent-induced phase separation (LPA-NIPS) technique and successfully fabricated high-performance 3D porous PVTF-based flexible piezoelectric films with a bilayer sponge-like structure.

Hitchhiking Delivery Systems: Therapeutic Hydrogels as Advanced Tools for Immunomodulatory Applications.

Recent conceptual and technological advances have underlined the importance of the human immune system in responding to dangerous threats, restoring tissue homeostasis, and mounting immunological memory. Our in-depth understanding of the immune system has also been driving the blossoming development of biocompatible macroscale biomaterials designed to prevent and treat various immune-related disorders. Hydrogels, a class of water-swollen networks with extracellular matrix-mimic characteristics, have served as promising biomaterials for guiding the immune system in biological milieus.

WSe/SnS Heterostructure Arrays with Bilateral Accumulation Contact for Scalable p-Type Transistors and Logic Circuits.

Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on two-dimensional (2D) materials hold great promise as essential components in next-generation electronics. However, achieving high-performance and large-scale production of p-type 2D FETs has remained a persistent challenge. In this study, SnS is introduced as a tunneling contact layer, and performance-enhanced p-type WSe FET arrays are fabricated by utilizing a self-aligned etching strategy based on WSe/SnS heterojunctions.

De-Saturation of Single-Atom Copper Catalysts for Accelerating Propargylic Substitution Reactions.

Rational design of proximal coordination microenvironments surrounding catalytic sites to achieve optimal reaction kinetics represents a paramount pursuit in single-atom catalysts (SACs), yet continues to pose substantial synthetic challenges. Developing innovative strategies that simultaneously stabilize low-coordinated single-metal species on solid supports, while ensuring atomic precision and high activity, remains imperative. Herein, a de-saturation strategy for SACs is demonstrated (denoted as De-sat SACs) using a top-down approach based on a KOH-mediated Joule thermal shock to obtain under-coordinated and asymmetric SACs for efficient organic synthesis.

Isoquinoline as an Electrolyte Additive for Electrolytic Zn-MnO Batteries: Superior Cycling Stability and Areal Capacity.

Aqueous electrolytic Zn-MnO batteries hold great promise for energy storage applications owing to their high theoretical electromotive force and energy density. However, the zinc anode suffers from severe corrosion in strongly acidic electrolytes, leading to hydrogen evolution, low zinc utilization, and premature battery failure. To address these challenges, isoquinoline is introduced as an additive in a chloride-based acidic electrolyte.

Covalent-Bridged Heterointerfaces via Grafted Triazine Organic Polymers Enable Directed Charge Transfer for Efficient Oxygen Reduction in Zn-Air Batteries.

Covalent triazine framework (CTF) derivatives have emerged as promising metal-free electrocatalysts due to their high nitrogen content and intrinsic porosity. However, their performance remains limited by sluggish interfacial charge transport and the inaccessibility of active sites. Herein, we report an interfacial covalent bridging strategy based on grafting polymerization to construct a carbon heterostructure electrocatalyst, featuring vertically aligned nitrogen-doped nanosheets covalently anchored onto graphene (v-N/CNS/Gr) support.

Dual-channel deep-NIR-emissive N-embedded PAHs with hybridized local and charge-transfer excited-state.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules have been extensively investigated, and they showcase excellent optoelectronic properties, which are promising for optical applications, including deep-penetration bioimaging and NIR lasers. However, constructing PAHs with deep-NIR (800-1700 nm) photoluminescence is a long-standing challenge, owing to the limitation of the energy gap law. Herein, three N-atom-doped PAHs APAH-a-c with electronic acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) configuration were produced a facile sandwich-like -fusion pathway.

Single Atom-Substituted Chalcogenides with Anion Vacancy Bonded on Graphene Nanotubes for Achieving "1+1+1>3" Synergistic Enhanced Sodium Storage.

Developing distinctive composite anodes with multiple active components is critical for enhancing the charge storage capability of sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs). Herein, In single atom-substituted SnS with moderate sulfur vacancies in situ bonded on N-doped graphene nanotubes (In─SnS@NG) is ingeniously engineered as a superior anode. Theoretical calculations and in situ/ex situ characterizations illustrate that the introduced Sn(In)─N interfacial bonds immensely strengthen composites integration and boost charge transfer, then In single atom substitution effectively elevates d band center and enhances Na adsorption.

Tungsten sulfide sheets with tunable layered structures: Piezocatalysis via multi-channels to generate HO.

Driven by the urgent need for eco-friendly, safe and facile production processes for hydrogen peroxide (HO), piezocatalysis shows significant potential due to its accessible energy supply and capacity for on-site HO preparation. Owing to their tunable surface properties and unique electronic structures, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are regarded as promising piezocatalysts. Nevertheless, the uneven distribution of active sites, poor stability, and restricted electron transport capabilities hinder the further improvement of their piezocatalytic performance.

Enhancing Efficiency and Stability of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells through A-Site Compositional Engineering.

Tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have attracted significant attention due to their relatively competitive performance and environmentally benign characteristics. Small-molecule additive strategies have been extensively employed to enhance TPSCs' performance through crystallization modulation and defect passivation. However, most small-molecule additives exhibit lattice deformation or spontaneous desorption from perovskite, leading to accelerated device degradation under operational thermal/electrical stresses.

Magnetic Proximity Induced Giant Enhancement of Valley Polarization and Zeeman Splitting in WS/FeGaTe Heterostructures.

Substrate engineering offers a powerful approach to tailoring quasiparticle interactions in two-dimensional (2D) materials for valley-quantum devices. Here, a significantly enhanced valley polarization of 67% has been observed in a WS monolayer on a thin FeGaTe (FGT) layer under far-off resonant excitation at 10 K, which is much higher than that of 16% detected from WS monolayer. This enhancement is attributed to the magnetic proximity effect, which leads to a shorter exciton lifetime in the heterostructure without affecting the valley scattering time.

An Insight into the Relation of Spin-Polarization and Oxygen Evolution Enhancement with a Monolayer Chiral Covalent Organic Framework Model Catalyst.

Manipulating the electron spin state through the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect provides a novel strategy for enhancing the activity and selectivity of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, developing a quantitative relationship between the CISS effect and the chirality-enhanced OER performance is difficult due to complex influencing factors. Herein, using a ligand exchange strategy, we developed a monolayer chiral covalent organic framework (mc-COF) model catalytic system with adjustable spin polarization (P = ∼49-72%), which allows the decoupling of the CISS effect from other influencing factors on the OER performance.