Surfactant-Mediated Synthesis of PdPb Nanocatalysts toward Ethanol Electrooxidation.

The efficient electrooxidation of alcohols at fuel cell anodes remains fundamentally constrained by sluggish kinetics and catalyst instability, driving the pursuit of structurally tunable Pd-based nanocatalysts. Nevertheless, exerting precise structural control over nanomaterials to achieve efficient alcohol (e.g.

MYB20, an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor, negatively regulates salt and cold stress tolerance in pears.

As one of the largest families of transcription factors (TFs) in plants, MYB TFs play an important role in regulation responses to environmental stressors. However, the precise function of MYB TFs in abiotic stress responses in pear is not yet well-understood. Here, we identify an R2R3-type MYB TF, PpcMYB20, in pear that is significantly induced by multiple abiotic stresses, as evidenced by elevated expression after NaCl, cold, PEG6000, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments.

Changes in attention deficit and adipokine levels in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Background: Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may lead to attention deficits and abnormal changes in adipokine levels, potentially impacting overall health and development. This work aimed to investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: A total of 111 children with OSA were included in the study and categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of ADHD: the observation group (OG, n = 58) and the control group (CG, n = 53).

Solvothermal Synthesis of PdPtCuRhRu High-Entropy Alloy Nanosheets for Advanced Alcohol Oxidation Reactions.

Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) are increasingly appealing to researchers in diverse fields because of their advantageous characteristics: high energy density, low-temperature operation, and environmental sustainability. High-entropy alloy (HEA) has been one of the most promising materials to boost the alcohol oxidation reaction (AOR) that contributes significantly to the direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). In this article, a two-step thermal solvent method was explored to synthesize PdPtCuRhRu HEA nanosheet assemblies (PdPtCuRhRu HEA NSA), to accelerate the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR).

The Role of Macrophage-Derived Netrin-1 in Inflammatory Diseases.

Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells distributed throughout the whole body, and they have functions in antigen presentation, phagocytosis, killing, and immune regulation. As the most widely studied molecule in the netrin family, netrin-1 plays a key role in neuronal navigation, angiogenesis, and cell survival. Macrophage-derived netrin-1 not only regulates neurovascular regeneration through ligand-receptor binding but also influences macrophage phenotypes by modulating polarization, thereby achieving the purpose of promoting or repairing disease damage.

HBV-Specific TCR-T Cell Therapy Combining mRNA Electroporation and Lentiviral Transduction: Treatment Regime for Recurrent HBV-Related HCC Post-Liver Transplantation.

Background & Aims: This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the safety, tolerability, and antitumor efficacy of HBV-specific TCR-T cell therapy combining mRNA electroporation and lentiviral transduction in patients with recurrent HBV-HCC post-LT.

Methods: In this pilot study (NCT04677088), two types of autologous HBV-specific TCR-redirected T cells were assessed without prior lymphodepletion: (1) multiple infusions of mRNA-electroporated HBV-TCR-T cells (mRNA-HBV-TCR-T cells) and (2) one to three infusions of lentiviral-transduced HBV-TCR-T cells (lenti-HBV-TCR-T cells). Treatment-related adverse events were assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), and anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) imaging according to RECIST 1.

Identification of SEC16B as a novel regulator of glucose homeostasis.

Aims/hypothesis: Glucose homeostasis, essential for metabolic health, requires coordinated insulin and glucagon activity to maintain blood glucose balance. Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis causes hyperglycaemia and glucose intolerance, hallmark features of type 2 diabetes. While SEC16 homologue B (SEC16B), an endoplasmic reticulum export factor, has been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes and lipid metabolism, its role in glucose regulation remains poorly defined.

[Professor YANG Zhong-qi's prescription patterns for hypertension based on latent structure model and association rule analysis].

Based on latent structure model and association rule analysis, this study investigates the prescription patterns used by professor YANG Zhong-qi in treating hypertension with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and infers the associated TCM syndromes, providing a reference for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment. The observation window spanned from January 8, 2013, to June 26, 2024, during which qualified herbal decoction prescriptions meeting efficacy criteria were extracted from the outpatient medical record system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and compiled into a standardized database. Statistical analysis of high-frequency herbs included frequency counts and herbal property-channel tropism analysis.

Predicting Stroke-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Machine Learning Model Development and Validation Study with CBC-Derived Inflammatory Indices.

Purpose: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP), a critical complication of ischemic stroke, significantly worsens outcomes. Our aim was to identify SAP risk factors and develop a machine learning (ML) model for early risk stratification.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 574 ischemic stroke patients, divided into training (75%) and testing (25%) sets.

Revealing new depths of information with indentation mapping of microstructures.

Unlabelled: Nanoindentation is crucial in materials science for assessing mechanical properties in submicrometer volumes, and high-speed nanoindentation mapping has evolved it from a localized measurement technique into a scanning-probe-like approach for microstructures, delivering large-area, high-resolution mechanical property maps with more than 200,000 indents in hours. Such mapping enables direct imaging of hardness and modulus variations, phase boundaries, and local deformation behaviors in materials where heterogeneity governs mechanical performance. By correlating these mechanical maps with composition, orientation, and phase data from complementary analytical techniques, deep multidimensional data sets reveal the complex interplay between structure, processing, and properties.

Expanding the spectrum of genetic causes of DNA-specific exonuclease TREX1 variants in thrombotic microangiopathy.

Introduction: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a complex condition involving endothelial damage and microvascular thrombi. The International Society of Nephrology's aHUS International Forum identified genetic variants as crucial for tailored therapies like plasma exchange and anti-complement therapy. Recent studies suggested that new pathogenic genes beyond complement and coagulation pathways contribute to TMA including TREX1 variants.

Equol neutralizes toxin B to combat Clostridioides difficile infection without disrupting the gut microbiota.

Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) toxin B (TcdB) is essential for C. difficile pathogenicity.

[Heart Yin deficiency and cardiac fibrosis: from pathological mechanisms to therapeutic strategies].

Cardiac fibrosis(CF) is a cardiac pathological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM). When the heart is damaged by adverse stimuli, cardiac fibroblasts are activated and secrete a large amount of ECM, leading to changes in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial stiffness, and cardiac function declines and accelerating the development of heart failure. There is a close relationship between heart yin deficiency and cardiac fibrosis, which have similar pathogenic mechanisms.

Genomic epidemiology and phylodynamics of Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream isolates in China.

In recent decades, Acinetobacter baumannii has become a major global nosocomial pathogen, with bloodstream infections (BSIs) exhibiting mortality rates exceeding 60% and imposing substantial economic burdens. However, limited large-scale genomic epidemiology has hindered understanding of its population dynamics. Here, we analyzed 1506 non-repetitive BSI-causing A.

Protective value of ischemia-free liver transplantation on post-transplant acute kidney injury.

Background & Aims: Ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) completely avoids ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), thus potentially reducing acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation (LT). Therefore, this study investigated whether IFLT has a protective effect against AKI after LT.

Methods: In total, 862 patients who had undergone LT between 2017 to 2022 were divided into an ischemia-free liver transplantation group (IFLT group) and conventional liver transplantation group (CLT group) based on the surgical methods used.

Mechanisms of action and adaptive responses to diclofenac and meloxicam during the early life stages of Oryzias melastigma.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), though designed to target specific molecular pathways, pose significant environmental risks to non-target organisms, particularly marine fish. This study investigated the toxicity mechanisms and adaptive responses to diclofenac (DCF) and meloxicam (MEX) during the early life stages (ELS) of Oryzias melastigma at environmentally relevant concentrations over a 31-day period. Mechanistic investigations of sub-lethal effects were conducted using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Enhanced Hardness and Tribological Properties of Copper-Based Steel Backing Self-Lubricating Materials with YO Micro-Doping.

The copper-based steel backing material is prepared using a combination of mechanical alloying and secondary sintering methods. The effect of YO content on the microstructure, hardness, and tribological properties of the copper-based self-lubricating layer is investigated. The results demonstrate that the addition of YO enhances the strength of the copper-based self-lubricating layer.

Mesua ferrea L. extract inhibits cell invasion and tumor growth in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Mesua ferrea L. was commonly used in Uyghur medicine, and the flowering buds of M. ferrea extract exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of breast cancer cells in our preliminary research; however, the underlying active components remain to be elucidated.

Characteristics and spatiotemporal changes in phenotypes and genotypes of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolated from bloodstream infections in China from 2014 to 2021.

Objective: To examine the characteristics and spatiotemporal changes in the phenotypes and genotypes of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli strains isolated from bloodstream infections (BSIs) across China between 2014 and 2021.

Methods: 983 ESBL-positive E. coli strains were collected from BSIs in 66 hospitals across different geographic regions in China from 2014 to 2021.

KANK1 promotes breast cancer development by compromising Scribble-mediated Hippo activation.

KANK1 is expressed in epithelial cells and connects focal adhesions with the adjacent cortical microtubule stabilizing complex. Although KANK1 was shown to suppress cancer cell growth in vitro, TCGA database points to high KANK1 levels associated with poor prognosis in a wide spectrum of human malignancies. Here, we address this discrepancy and report that KANK1 promotes proliferation and survival of PyMT-transformed mammary tumor cells in vivo.