Discovery of novel 1,2,4-triazole schiff bases hybridized with 1,4-naphthoquinones as potent STAT3 inhibitors.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is closely related to a variety of cancers. The research of novel STAT3 inhibitors is an important and meaningful project for pharmaceutical chemist. In this study, 10 novel 1,4-naphthoquinones carrying 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were synthesized via a four-step synthesis starting from 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione.

Directional Navigation of Low-Temperature Leidenfrost Droplets on Femtosecond Laser-Textured Superwettable Pattern Surfaces.

The Leidenfrost effect enables near-frictionless droplet transport by suspending droplets on vapor layers, making it pivotal for contact-free manipulation in microscale chemical reactions and material transport applications. Traditional ratchet structures that drive Leidenfrost droplet motion require the substrate material to be heated above the higher Leidenfrost point (LFP) critical temperature, which imposes significant demands on energy consumption and material heat resistance. Herein, we proposed a method that integrates femtosecond laser-induced deposition with femtosecond direct writing to fabricate a textured superwettable patterned surface, achieving directional droplet navigation at a notably low temperature of just 155 °C.

Calpain-2 facilitates infection of the intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and invasion intestinal immune barrier by impairing nitric oxide homeostasis.

Introduction: The ubiquitously expressed enzymes, calpain-1 and -2 (CAPN1 and 2) play important roles in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes including infection and immune responses. CAPN2 is of particular interest due to its role in regulating intracellular bacterial infection and invasion, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Objectives: In this study, we focused on intestinal CAPN2 involved in infection by the intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes (L.

Efficient solar-to-thermal management on femtosecond laser composite fabrication of hierarchical Janus plates.

Photothermal conversion materials can efficiently convert solar energy into directly usable heat energy, thereby reducing carbon emissions. However, most photothermal conversion materials are complex to prepare and have a long cycle, and their photothermal performance is not ideal. These problems limit their practical application.

A dual-mode self-cleaning film for durable passive radiative cooling and solar heating.

Solar heating and radiative cooling offer sustainable pathways to address fossil energy demand. However, their single-mode operation and susceptibility to contamination restrict performance under varying daily and seasonal conditions. Herein, a superhydrophobic dual-mode thermal management film with combined cooling and heating features was developed.

PAD2-mediated citrullination of STAT3 enhances immunosuppressive function of PMN-MDSCs in tumor-bearing hosts.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a key role in inhibiting antitumor immunity and helping tumor cells escape from the immune system. Citrullination is a unique posttranslational modification of proteins that has been found to play a role in tumorigenesis and development. We aimed to determine the role of citrullination regulating MDSCs function in tumor bearing hosts.

The Role of Macrophage-Derived Netrin-1 in Inflammatory Diseases.

Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells distributed throughout the whole body, and they have functions in antigen presentation, phagocytosis, killing, and immune regulation. As the most widely studied molecule in the netrin family, netrin-1 plays a key role in neuronal navigation, angiogenesis, and cell survival. Macrophage-derived netrin-1 not only regulates neurovascular regeneration through ligand-receptor binding but also influences macrophage phenotypes by modulating polarization, thereby achieving the purpose of promoting or repairing disease damage.

Oncostatin M Drives Th2 Polarized Allergic Airway Inflammation Through Fibroblast Reprogramming and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Background: Allergic airway inflammation, characterized by Th2 cytokine production and eosinophilic infiltration, is a hallmark of asthma. The airway epithelium plays a pivotal role in orchestrating allergic responses by releasing cytokines such as oncostatin M (OSM). This study investigates the role of OSM in dust mite extract (DME)-induced allergic airway inflammation and identifies a novel mechanism by which OSM drives Th2-polarized inflammation.

Asian consensus on normothermic intraperitoneal and systemic treatment for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis.

Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is a major challenge in advanced gastric cancer (GC) with poor prognosis. Normothermic intraperitoneal and systemic treatment (NIPS) has become a promising therapeutic approach. This consensus aims to provide practical recommendations for NIPS treatment for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis (GCPM).

Deciphering the interaction of sulfamethoxazole with biodegradable versus conventional, virgin versus aged microplastics in aquatic environment.

Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics (MPs) significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue. While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants, research on the adsorption behaviors of biodegradable and conventional MPs to pharmaceuticals limited. The study investigated the adsorption behavior of conventional MPs (polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate), biodegradable MPs (polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) for sulfamethoxazole (SMX).

Bile acid receptors regulate the role of intestinal macrophages in inflammatory bowel disease.

Many factors, including genetic vulnerability, barrier function, intestinal immune cells, and intestinal microbiota, may combine to affect the occurrence and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Through targeting bile acid receptors (BARs), bile acids have been demonstrated to have a range of regulatory effects on intestinal immune responses in recent decades. As the basis of intestinal immunity, macrophages play an indispensable role in intestinal homeostasis.

Femtosecond Laser Atomic-Nano-Micro Fabrication of Biomimetic Perovskite Quantum Dots Films toward Durable Multicolor Display.

Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as revolutionary materials for next-generation display technologies due to their tunable bandgaps, high color purity, and low-cost fabrication. However, challenges persist in outdoor display applications, including poor stability, inadequate weatherability designs, and multicolor integration difficulties. This study proposes a bioinspired "atomic-nano-micro" fabrication strategy based on femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW).

Targeting amino acid in tumor therapy.

Tumor cells undergo profound metabolic reprogramming to sustain their rapid growth and proliferation, with amino acids serving as essential nutrients critical for protein synthesis, energy metabolism, nucleotide production, and redox balance. The increased reliance of tumor cells on specific amino acids represents a promising therapeutic target. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the biological roles of amino acids in cancer, identifies vulnerabilities associated with amino acid dependency, and discusses strategies to leverage these weaknesses for enhanced cancer treatment.

Highly efficient capture of cadmium ions by dual-layer calcium sulfide-calcium carbonate-loaded kelp biochar: Synthesis, adsorption and mechanism.

Metal nanoparticle-loaded biochars have emerged as promising adsorbents for heavy metal elimination. However, the current preparation approaches predominantly depend on soluble modifying agents, mainly due to the challenge of large metal particles aggregation caused by insoluble modifying agents, resulting in a poor adsorption capacity. It is urgent to overcome the application bottleneck of insoluble modifying agents and prepare high-performance metal-supported adsorbents.

Novel nomograms for predicting overall survival and cancer-specific survival in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.

Purpose: Currently, the clinical diagnosis and treatment for invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast (ILC) often draw on the treatment approaches used for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), despite significant differences between the two. Studies evaluating the risk and prognosis of ILC are limited; thus, our goal was to construct a predictive model for the prognosis of ILC.

Methods: Clinical data of patients diagnosed with unilateral primary ILC from 2010 to 2015 were acquired from the SEER database.

Yangke powder alleviates OVA-induced allergic asthma by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that remains inadequately controlled by existing conventional treatments. A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula of Yangke powder (yǎng ké sǎn-YKS) has demonstrated potential in alleviating asthma symptoms and reducing its acute exacerbation. Despite clinical evidence supporting its benefit, there is still insufficient understanding of the active compounds in YKS and their underlying mechanisms, which limits its broader clinical application.

construction of multifunctional femtosecond laser-induced graphene on arbitrary substrates.

The construction of laser-induced graphene (LIG) on various substrates is important for expanding new applications. However, current LIG transfer technologies are hampered by limited substrates, complicated processes, induced graphene defects, and single function. Herein, a facile laser processing method is proposed for construction of multifunctional femtosecond laser-induced graphene (FsLIG) on arbitrary substrates utilizing femtosecond laser acting on polyimide tape.

Enhanced cytotoxicity of T-DM1 in HER2-low carcinomas via autophagy inhibition.

Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), a conjugate of trastuzumab and the cytotoxic agent emtansine, has demonstrated significant antitumor efficacy in HER2-positive (HER2+) carcinoma. However, its effectiveness is limited against carcinoma cells with low HER2 expression (HER2-low). Here, we demonstrate that targeting autophagy enhances the cytotoxicity of T-DM1 against HER2-low SGC7901 cells, highlighting the potential of autophagy modulation in improving T-DM1-based therapies for HER2-low carcinomas.

Corrigendum: Natural products targeting AMPK signaling pathway therapy, diabetes mellitus and its complications.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.

Ferroptosis: a novel perspective on tumor immunotherapy.

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. The execution of ferroptosis is intricately linked to both iron and lipid metabolism. Intriguingly, iron and lipid metabolism are also pivotal for maintaining the physiological function of immune cells.

Unraveling the differential tolerance mechanisms of Acropora formosa and Montipora digitata to Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure via 4D proteomics.

Coral reefs are suffering from environmental pollution worldwide, implying unprecedented survival challenges. In this paper we investigate the effects of the Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on the survival status of coral and explore its potential tolerance mechanism. By applying advanced 4D proteomics techniques, we systematically compared the differences in the protein expression profiles of Acropora formosa (A.

All-Season Passive Thermal Management Film with Multifunctionality for Efficient Radiative Cooling and Solar Heating.

Thermal radiation management is an important aspect of thermal engineering and plays a crucial role in various industrial and environmental applications. However, either cooling or heating devices alone can exacerbate all-season consumption during hot summers or cold winters. We have designed a dual-mode thermal management device that can switch modes by a pull-out method, with femtosecond laser-induced graphene (LIG) on the surface of a polyimide membrane as the heating surface and a SiO hollow microsphere coating as the cooling surface.

The role of mA modification during macrophage metabolic reprogramming in human diseases and animal models.

Macrophage metabolic reprogramming refers to the process by which macrophages adjust their physiological pathways to meet survival and functional demands in different immune microenvironments. This involves a range of metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and cholesterol transport. By modulating the expression and activity of key enzymes and molecules within these pathways, macrophages can make the transition between pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes, thereby linking metabolic reprogramming to inflammatory responses and the progression of several diseases, such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and acute lung injury (ALI).

Allelopathic inhibitory of thymol on Arabidopsis thaliana primary root growth is mediated by ABA signaling pathway.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a sesquiterpenoid phytohormone involved in controlling plant root growth and development. Thymol, a monoterpene allelochemical, showed a potent phytotoxic effect in plants. It can rapidly inhibit seed germination and seedling growth.