Investigating serum NRF2 as a screening biomarker and potential therapeutic target in diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective observational study.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) levels and the severity of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and to identify potential risk factors in severe DFU patients. Understanding this relationship could offer insights into mechanisms underlying DFU progression and inform diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 195 DFU patients from January 2023 to May 2024, categorized into mild and severe groups using the Wagner classification system.

Stability analysis and optimization of open pit mine slopes based on the improved Sarma method with nonhomogeneous hydraulic boundary conditions.

Although the traditional Sarma method considers the hydrostatic pressure effect, in the actual engineering, the hydraulic conditions are complex and most of them are nonhomogeneous hydraulic boundary conditions, this paper considers the nonhomogeneous hydraulic boundary conditions based on the traditional Sarma method, and based on the improved Sarma method model, the stability evaluation of the designed slope and the slope angle is carried out with the slope of the Aynak open-pit copper mine as the engineering background-optimization study. Firstly, the numerical simulation method carried out the stability analysis of the designed excavation slopes. Then the stability of the final boundary slopes was evaluated based on the improved Sarma method model.

A multi-functional nine channels full-spectrum light emitting diode color temperature palette.

A multi-functional nine-channel full-spectrum light emitting diode color temperature palette is proposed. The color temperature (CCT) of the palette can be continuously tuned at 1K interval within the range of 2500K-6500K. A high color rendering index (CRI) is achieved, with Ra > 94 and R1-R15 > 90.

Integrated screens identify AURKB dependency in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

The only approved systemic treatments for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are KIT/PDGFRA-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which eventually lead to the development of secondary polyclonal resistance mutations. Complementary treatment strategies are urgently needed. Using transcriptomic profiling, CRISPR screens, and chemical screens, we identify aurora kinase B (AURKB) as a previously less recognized therapeutic vulnerability to advanced GISTs.

Multidimensional fatigue mediates the relationship between sexual quality of life and perceived stress in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: This study aimed to assess perceived stress levels in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and explore their associations with multidimensional fatigue and sexual quality of life.

Methods: A total of 252 patients diagnosed with IBD who visited the gastroenterology department of a major hospital in AnHui Province between March 2022 and June 2023 were included. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20).

Integration of Metabolomics, Transcriptomics, and 16s rRNA Sequencing Reveals the Mechanism of (Sangzhi) Alkaloids (SZ-A) in Improving Cholesterol Metabolism in Diabetic Rats.

Mulberry ( ) is a plant widely used in the agricultural, food and pharmaceutical fields. Sangzhi alkaloids (SZ-A) are a series of alkaloids extracted from mulberry branches that are approved in China for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is always accompanied by hypercholesterolemia, which increases the risk of macrovascular complications.

Insights into volatile substance changes of tilapia fillets before and after steaming and boiling during refrigeration based on metabolomics.

This study investigated the key volatile substances using SPME-GC-MS and metabolites using LC-MS, as tilapia fillets before and after steaming and boiling during refrigeration. Results indicated untreated, steamed, and boiled tilapia fillets post-refrigeration exhibited 15, 22, and 23 key volatile substances, respectively, primarily aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. 97, 70, and 67 differential metabolites were identified by PLS-DA, respectively.

Global trends and inequities in smoking-attributable aortic aneurysm burden from 1990 to 2021 with future projections.

Introduction: Aortic aneurysm (AA) remains a critical global health challenge, with smoking identified as a major modifiable risk factor contributing to its morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in screening and treatment, the absolute burden of AA has risen significantly, particularly in aging populations and regions with socioeconomic disparities. This study leverages data from the Global Burden of Disease Study to analyze trends in smoking-related AA burden from 1990 to 2021, focusing on mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and socioeconomic determinants.

Photoacoustic image reconstruction with the FD-UGAN model.

Photoacoustic imaging has been widely used in the biomedical field by virtue of its high resolution and depth imaging advantages, but there are still problems with detector viewing angle limitation and incomplete data due to sparse sampling in the application process. To address this problem, FD-UGAN is proposed as a novel deep learning network, to our knowledge, in which the Full Dense U-Net is initially employed as the generator in a generative adversarial network framework for photoacoustic image reconstruction. The encoding and decoding pathways are redesigned to enable the network to efficiently capture and integrate multi-scale feature information, facilitating high-quality image reconstruction.

College students' cognition and attitude toward medical knowledge education after a global public health event.

Introduction: The past global public health event has heightened governmental and societal awareness of the importance of health and medical knowledge education. This study aims to investigate and compare the attitude and cognition of non-medical students and medical students toward medical knowledge education.

Methods: A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was voluntarily completed by 304 university students recruited through the Wen-Juan-Xing online platform via WeChat QR codes or website links.

A YOLOv7-based method for crown extraction from UAV imagery.

In response to the challenges of complex background interference, inadequate feature utilization, and model redundancy in multispectral crown extraction, this paper proposes a dual-channel crown detection and segmentation approach based on an improved YOLOv7 architecture, named Dual-YOLOv7. First, a dual-branch feature extraction network is designed, integrating visible light and infrared spectral information and dynamically weights key features through an attention mechanism. Second, the D-SimSPPF module is introduced, which employs depthwise separable convolution to optimize spatial pyramid pooling, thereby enhancing the capability to capture fine details while reducing the number of parameters.

Retinal Vascular Occlusion Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Comprehensive Review of Observational Study and Pathophysiological Mechanisms.

: Retinal vascular occlusion (RVO) and retinal artery occlusion (RAO) have been reported as rare adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination, raising concerns about vaccine safety. This review synthesizes cohort and case-control studies assessing the association between COVID-19 vaccines and RVO/RAO, while exploring potential pathophysiological mechanisms. : We analyzed large-scale population-based studies from South Korea, Europe, and the TriNetX database, focusing on odds ratios (OR), hazard ratios (HR), and relative risks (RR) across mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines.

Association of placental single and mixed metal burdens with offspring dyslipidemia: Can vitamin D levels during pregnancy alleviate this effect?

Metals can partly accumulate in the placenta and disrupt placental function, thereby affecting fetal programming. Prenatal metal exposure may be associated with long-term lipid health in offspring, but this association has not been studied in birth cohorts. In the Ma'anshan birth Cohort (MABC), placental tissue concentrations of fourteen metals were quantified.

miR-34c-3p targets FOXO3 to promote pancreatic carcinoma progression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been a popular subject of tumor research including pancreatic carcinoma (PC). MicroRNA-34c-3p (miR-34c-3p) is a member of miR-34c cluster, which is strongly associated with tumorigenesis. Nonetheless, miR-34c-3p has not been explored in PC.

Genetic influences on the association between DNA methylation and obesity measures: insights from a twin study design.

Background: Both obesity and DNA methylation (DNAm) are influenced by genetic factors. Despite more than a thousand of obesity-related DNAm sites (CpGs) being identified, studies that account for genetic influences in these associations are limited.

Results: Using data from 1,074 twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry and bivariate structural equation models (SEMs), we investigated the phenotypic (Rph), genetic (Ra), and environmental (Re) correlations between genome-wide DNAm and three obesity indices: BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR).

Efficacy and safety of combined nebulization of unfractionated heparin, acetylcysteine, budesonide and ipratropium bromide in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Promoting the absorption of COVID-19 pneumonia is critical for reducing pulmonary sequelae and improving prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nebulized unfractionated heparin, acetylcysteine, budesonide, and ipratropium bromide (HABIT) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods: This single-center, open-label, randomized, parallel-group trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China.

Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory potential of PROTAC drug molecules based on fondaparinux sodium.

Introduction: In this study, we used an approach by conjugating Fondaparinux Sodium (FS) with selected drugs to generate proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs).

Methods: By applying bioprocess engineering principles, the direct amidation reaction was optimized -through precise control of pH, substrate ratios, and solvent selection -to reliably produce high-purity (>99%) PROTAC molecules on a scalable platform. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis demonstrated that the synthesized PROTACs exhibit micromolar binding affinities (KD ≈ 10 M) toward inflammatory mediators RANTES (CCL5) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Renewable DNA tetrahedron Interface enabling ultrasensitive detection of copper via synergetic enhancement of click chemistry and DNAzyme catalysis.

Copper is an essential trace element that plays critical roles in numerous physiological processes, including mitochondrial respiration, antioxidant defense, and neurotransmitter biosynthesis. However, an imbalance in copper homeostasis can lead to severe health disorders. Copper deficiency is linked to diseases such as anemia and neutropenia, while copper overload is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Wilson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

Sequencing of Enoxaparin Oligosaccharides through HILIC-Q-cIM-MS: A Strategy for Resolving Complex Glycans.

In comparison to the advances in genome and proteome biology, decoding the structures and functions of glycans remains a significant challenge, mainly due to the complexity and heterogeneity of biological glycans. In this study, we have established a HILIC-Q-cIM-MS platform to advance the in-depth structural characterization of saccharides. The approach is designed to separate molecules through liquid chromatography and ion mobility dimensions prior to MS analysis.

Evolution of glioma exosome research: emerging trends and global collaborations (2005-2025).

Background: Glioma, a tumor derived from neuroglial cells of the central nervous system, is characterized by its high malignancy, frequent recurrence, and high mortality rate. Recent advances in exosome research related to gliomas have propelled this emerging field as a pivotal area of clinical neuroscience investigation. Despite extensive focus on glioma exosome research, a systematic visual analysis of this field remains lacking.

In Situ Laser Fenestration for Revascularization of the Left Subclavian Artery in Diseases of the Aortic Arch.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has become a widely established treatment for aortic arch pathologies in recent years. However, lesions near or involving the origin of the left subclavian artery (LSA) often present challenges in securing an adequate proximal landing zone. Various technical approaches, including parallel graft techniques, fenestration, chimney grafts, branched devices, and others, have been developed to optimize the proximal landing zone while preserving LSA perfusion.

Asian consensus on normothermic intraperitoneal and systemic treatment for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis.

Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is a major challenge in advanced gastric cancer (GC) with poor prognosis. Normothermic intraperitoneal and systemic treatment (NIPS) has become a promising therapeutic approach. This consensus aims to provide practical recommendations for NIPS treatment for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis (GCPM).

Spatiotemporal pattern evolution and quantitative prediction of electrical carbon emissions from a demand-side perspective in urban areas.

Amid global climate change, analyzing spatiotemporal patterns and predicting urban demand-side electrical carbon emissions is vital for regional low-carbon transitions. This study focuses on a developed coastal region in Guangdong, China. Utilizing high-frequency monitoring data from  3000 distribution network stations (May-Sept 2018), it creates an integrated 'spatiotemporal evolution-data driven prediction' framework to reveal emission dynamics and enhance forecast accuracy.