Integration of Metabolomics, Transcriptomics, and 16s rRNA Sequencing Reveals the Mechanism of (Sangzhi) Alkaloids (SZ-A) in Improving Cholesterol Metabolism in Diabetic Rats.

Mulberry ( ) is a plant widely used in the agricultural, food and pharmaceutical fields. Sangzhi alkaloids (SZ-A) are a series of alkaloids extracted from mulberry branches that are approved in China for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is always accompanied by hypercholesterolemia, which increases the risk of macrovascular complications.

Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Parental Psychological Control and Depressive Symptoms: The Roles of Individual Self-esteem and Peer Clique Support Norms.

Peer cliques shape adolescents' behavior patterns and value norms, while also influencing their perceptions of parenting practices and emotional experiences. Although the relationship between parental psychological control and adolescent adjustment issues has received increasing attention, the underlying mechanisms of this relationship, particularly from the perspective of peer cliques remain unclear. Based on both the individual and peer levels, this study employed a multilevel model to investigate the roles of individual self-esteem and clique support norms in the bidirectional relationship between parental psychological control and depressive symptoms.

From Selection to Influence: The Moderating Role of Classroom Norms in the Evolution of Aggression and Victimization in Adolescent Friendship Networks.

Aggression and victimization are well-documented factors influencing adolescent social relationships, yet little is known about how these behaviors interact with friendship networks, particularly in the context of aggression norms. This study explored the relationships between aggression, victimization, and friendship networks, and further examined the moderating role of two types of aggression norms among Chinese adolescents using longitudinal social network analysis. A sample of 879 students (M = 12.

The risk factors for the comorbidity of depression and self-injury in adolescents: a machine learning study.

There has been a growing concern in utilizing machine learning models to identify risk factors for adolescent mental health. However, the comorbidity domain has not received adequate attention. Accordingly, this study aims to develop an efficient machine leaning model to predict the comorbidity of depression and self-injury among adolescents.

I'm More Prosocial than Others: Narcissism Facilitates Prosocial Behavior in Public Situations.

Although narcissism consistently predicts maladaptive behaviors, the relationship between narcissism and prosocial behavior remains controversial due to the paradoxical nature of narcissism. In three studies, we investigated the roles of situational and motivational factors in the link between narcissism and prosocial behavior. In Study 1 ( = 932), a questionnaire survey revealed that trait narcissism positively predicted prosocial behavior tendencies only in public situations as opposed to anonymous situations.

How School Burnout Affects Depression Symptoms Among Chinese Adolescents: Evidence from Individual and Peer Clique Level.

The impact of peer clique school burnout norms on adolescents' emotional adaptation is becoming increasingly prominent, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear, especially in China where academic achievement is highly valued. The present study examined how clique burnout norms impact the relationship between school burnout, negative cognitive bias, and depressive symptoms. A total of 904 Chinese adolescents (57% boys; M = 12.

Trusting strangers: The benefits of reciprocal self-disclosure during online computer-mediated communication and mediating role of interpersonal liking.

Reciprocal self-disclosure has reportedly been associated with increased interpersonal trust. However, existing research mainly focuses on online disclosure between acquaintances and overlooks the types of reciprocal disclosure, especially in the initial interactions between strangers communicating online. This study aimed to investigate how three types of reciprocal self-disclosure (turn-taking reciprocity, extended reciprocity and non-reciprocity) contribute to trust and the mechanism of positive interpersonal liking, and whether any effect was instant and stable or increased across two interactions during computer-mediated communication (CMC).

(Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) improves diabetic nephropathy through ameliorating inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic rats.

Background: L. (Sangzhi) alkaloid (SZ-A) is a new antidiabetic drug approved by the China National Medical Products Administration in 2020. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common diabetic complication and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes.

Voglibose Regulates the Secretion of GLP-1 Accompanied by Amelioration of Ileal Inflammatory Damage and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic KKAy Mice.

Voglibose is an α-glycosidase inhibitor that improves postprandial hyperglycemia and increases glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the anti-inflammatory effects of voglibose on the intestine, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. This study evaluated the effects and mechanisms of voglibose on glycemic control and intestinal inflammation.

The interactive effects of family violence and peer support on adolescent depressive symptoms: The mediating role of cognitive vulnerabilities.

Background: Family violence as an inducing factor of depressive symptoms has been confirmed in previous studies. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood, particularly in Chinese adolescents. Guided by the social-ecological diathesis-stress model, this three-wave longitudinal study aimed to examine the effects of an individual's cognitive vulnerabilities (rejection-sensitivity anxiety and negative cognitive error) and positive societal contexts (peer support) on the link between family violence and depressive symptoms in Chinese society.

Diphenyl Diselenide Alleviates Tert-Butyl Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells.

Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation play key roles in the onset and development of diabetic complications such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). Diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) is a stable and simple organic selenium compound with anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative activities. Nevertheless, in vitro, the role and molecular mechanism of DPDS on DN remains unknown.

The Roles of Clique Status Hierarchy and Aggression Norms in Victimized Adolescents' Aggressive Behavior.

The healthy context paradox indicates that in "healthy" contexts, with lower bullying or victimization norms, victimization experiences would unexpectedly exacerbate adolescents' adjustment difficulties, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, particularly from the clique perspective. The current 2-year longitudinal multilevel study attempts to examine the conditional effects of both clique structure (i.e.

Victimized adolescents' aggression in cliques with different victimization norms: The healthy context paradox or the peer contagion hypothesis?

Bullying victimization has been linked to an elevated risk of both internalizing and externalizing problems, yet the mechanisms underlying these associations, especially from the perspective of naturally occurring informal cliques, are not well understood. Based on two contrasting hypotheses from the healthy context paradox and the peer contagion hypothesis, the current 2-year longitudinal study (a) investigated the interaction effects of individual victimization (i.e.

L. (Sangzhi) Alkaloids Promote Insulin Secretion, Restore Diabetic β-Cell Function by Preventing Dedifferentiation and Apoptosis.

L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A), extracted from the Chinese herb L. (mulberry twig), have been shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes and have been approved for diabetes treatment in the clinic.

Berberine combined with stachyose improves glycometabolism and gut microbiota through regulating colonic microRNA and gene expression in diabetic rats.

Aims: Berberine is effective for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but has limited use in clinic. This study aims to evaluate the effect of berberine combined with stachyose on glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota and to explore the underlying mechanisms in diabetic rats.

Main Methods: Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were orally administered berberine, stachyose and berberine combined with stachyose once daily for 69 days.

Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) exert anti-inflammatory effects via regulation of MAPK signaling in macrophages.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Morus alba L. (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) tablets have been approved by the China National Medical Products Administration for T2DM treatment. Our previous study (Liu et al.

Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) Alkaloids (SZ-A) Ameliorate Glucose Metabolism Accompanied by the Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Ileal Inflammatory Damage in Type 2 Diabetic KKAy Mice.

The novel Traditional Chinese Medicine Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloid tablets (SZ-A) are approved by The China National Medical Products Administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the extensive pharmacological characteristics and the underlying mechanism are unknown. This study investigated the mechanisms by which SZ-A ameliorates glucose metabolism in KKAy mice, an animal model of T2DM.

Victims Become Covert Aggressors: Gender Differences in the Mediating Effects of Rumination on Anger and Sadness.

This longitudinal study examined the link between peer victimization and relational aggression by testing the mediating roles of sadness and anger rumination, with attention to gender differences, among Chinese adolescents. Survey measures were administrated to 2,152 junior middle school students at two time points, one year apart. The results found that self-reported peer victimization (but not peer-nominated victimization) positively predicted relational aggression one year later, and this link was completely mediated by sadness and anger rumination.

Diphenyl diselenide ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats via suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation.

Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the occurrence and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) is a stable and simple diaryl diselenide with anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the effects of DPDS on DN are still unclear to date.

Combination of bis (α-furancarboxylato) oxovanadium (IV) and metformin improves hepatic steatosis through down-regulating inflammatory pathways in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice.

The effects of the combination of bis (α-furancarboxylato) oxovanadium (IV) (BFOV) and metformin (Met) on hepatic steatosis were investigated in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice (HFC57 mice) for 6 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed to evaluate glucose metabolism. Moreover, blood and hepatic biochemical and histological indices were detected.

The Chinese patent medicine, Jin-tang-ning, ameliorates hyperglycemia through improving β cell function in pre-diabetic KKAy mice.

Jin-tang-ning (JTN), a Chinese patent medicine, mainly comprised of Bombyx moriL., has been proved to show α-glucosidase inhibitory efficacy and clinically effective for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Recently, we have reported that JTN could ameliorate postprandial hyperglycemia and improved β cell function in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obese mice, suggesting that JTN might play a potential role in preventing the conversion of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to T2DM.

Stachyose Improves the Effects of Berberine on Glucose Metabolism by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetic KKAy Mice.

Berberine (BBR) has the beneficial effects of anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria, and anti-diabetes. The clinical application of BBR has been hindered by its poor gastrointestinal absorption. Stachyose (Sta), a prebiotic agent, improves the composition of gut microbiota and benefits for diabetes.

Diphenyl diselenide alleviates diabetic peripheral neuropathy in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes by modulating oxidative stress.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common microvascular complications occurring in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of DPN; thus, antioxidant therapy is considered a promising strategy for treating DPN. Diphenyl diselenide (DPDs) is an organic selenium compound with antioxidant pharmacological activities.