Synergistically Enhanced NiCo(OH)@NiS Heterojunction Catalyst for High-Performance Ethanol Electrooxidation.

Coupling the ethanol electrooxidation reaction (EOR) with the hydrogen evolution reaction is an effective way to obtain green energy. Although Ni-based catalysts have the characteristics of low cost and good stability, meanwhile, the activity needs to be further improved. Here, we report a Ni-based heterojunction EOR catalyst, NiCo(OH)@NiS, composed by two phases of NiS and NiCo(OH).

Mechanisms for fibrate lipid-lowering drugs in enhancing bladder cancer immunotherapy by inhibiting CD276 expression.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the growth-inhibitory effects of fibrate lipid-lowering drugs on bladder cancer cells and their underlying mechanisms, with a focus on exploring how fenofibrate (FNF) exerts antitumor effects by regulating mitochondrial function, the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, and the immune regulatory molecule CD276.

Methods: The CCK-8 assay was used to determine the growth inhibition rates of FNF, bezafibrate (BZF), and clofibric acid (CLF) on MB49 cells and calculate their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity assays, ADP/ATP ratio analysis, DCFH-DA fluorescent probe staining, and JC-1 staining were employed to evaluate the effects of FNF on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.

HSA-templated synergistic platform boosts radiotherapy via enhanced radiosensitization and ferroptosis induction.

Radiotherapy efficacy in cancer treatment is frequently compromised by tumor radioresistance, limited immune activation, and off-target toxicity. To address these challenges, we developed a multifunctional nanosystem (FPPF@HC), combining FePt-PEG-FA nanoparticles encapsulated in an HSA-CaP hybrid shell. This platform prolongs systemic circulation, effectively targets tumors via the enhanced permeability and retention effect, and facilitates active folate receptor-mediated uptake.

Synergistic Effect of Guanidinium and Tertiary Amine Groups on Boosting Gene Delivery.

The lack of safe and efficient delivery vectors remains a major bottleneck in nucleic acid therapeutics, limiting clinical translation. In this study, by incorporating the synergistic effects of guanidinium and tertiary amine functional groups, a new versatile branched poly-(β-amino ester) (PAE)-based delivery system was designed and developed, resulting in enhanced nucleic acid (DNA/mRNA) delivery. The synergistic interactions between these functional groups were systematically analyzed using 2D-NMR, AFM, TEM, and photophysical characterization.

Endoscopic management of refractory gastrointestinal-tracheobronchial fistulas with two novel occluders: a comparative cohort study.

Refractory gastrointestinal (GI)-tracheobronchial fistulas are challenging to manage. This study compared the outcomes of two novel occluders specifically designed for endoscopic occlusion of GI-tracheobronchial fistulas.In this retrospective cohort study, 86 patients with refractory GI-tracheobronchial fistulas who underwent endoscopic occlusion using either a double umbrella-shaped (DU; n = 36) or mushroom umbrella-shaped (MU; n = 50) occluder were included.

Anti-Corrosive Covalent Iodo-Thiadiazole Catalyst Enables Aqueous Zn─S Batteries with High Coulombic Efficiency.

Aqueous zinc-sulfur batteries (AZSBs) hold great promise for large-scale energy storage but suffer from low Coulombic efficiency (CE) due to sluggish Zn─S redox kinetics and severe Zn anode corrosion, limiting their cycling life and practical applicability. Although state-of-the-art iodine-based redox mediators can accelerate cathode kinetics, they typically result in the formation of free I species, which exacerbate Zn corrosion. Here, we report a covalent iodo-thiadiazole redox mediator (CIM) as an anti-corrosive and highly efficient catalyst to achieve high CE in AZSBs.

Sequential treatment with PARPi and WEE1i enhances antitumor immune responses in preclinical models of ovarian cancer.

The antitumor activity demonstrated by DNA damage response inhibitors (DDRis) can be partially attributed to their capacity to enhance immune responses. However, the toxicity of DDRis to lymphocytes, particularly when a DDRi is combined with other treatments targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinases, indicates a need for the development of different DDRi treatment schedules. Here, we systematically assessed changes to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in response to DDRis across various treatment timelines in ovarian cancer.

Neurotransmitter-endcapped poly(β-amino estate) for enhanced DNA delivery to the brain through intravenous injection.

While nonviral gene delivery systems have achieved clinical success, targeted delivery remains critical for safety and broader applications of gene therapy. Conventional targeting approaches often compromise efficacy due to synthetic complexity or formulation instability. Hyperbranched poly(β-amino ester)s (HPAEs), as a novel type of gene delivery vector, offer superior functionalization potential via their abundant terminal groups.

Transcriptomic sequencing and differential analysis of Kazakh horse muscles from various anatomical locations.

Kazakh horses, a distinguished breed in China known for their dual-purpose use in milk and meat production, exhibit early maturation, tolerance to coarse feeding, and strong resistance to environmental stress. However, the gene expression differences across various muscle tissues of Kazakh horses have yet to be elucidated. In this study, transcriptomic sequencing was performed on muscle tissues from three anatomical regions of Kazakh horses, including the longissimus dorsi (Gb), external oblique (Gf), and diaphragm (Gg) muscles.

Genomic insights into deleterious mutations and their impact on agronomic traits during pear domestication.

The pear ( spp.), a perennial fruit tree, is subjected to genetic alterations over decades or even centuries to adapt to complex climatic and cultivation conditions. Genome-wide studies of deleterious mutations remain limited in perennial fruit trees, particularly regarding the effects of domestication on deleterious mutations.

An Improved NSGA-II Algorithm for Multi-Objective Optimization of Irregular Polygon Patch Antennas.

This paper presents an improved NSGA-II algorithm for the multi-objective optimization of irregular polygon patch antennas (IPPAs), improving convergence efficiency and Pareto front quality. The algorithm integrates adaptive mechanisms that dynamically adjust crossover and mutation rates based on generational progression, accelerating convergence while preserving solution diversity. Furthermore, a simulated annealing-inspired acceptance criterion is embedded during offspring generation to mitigate local optima trapping and enhance evolutionary robustness.

Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing and Differential Expression Analysis of the Epididymis in Junggar Bactrian Camels Before and After Sexual Maturity.

The Junggar Bactrian camel, a primitive indigenous breed in China, exhibits low reproductive efficiency under natural grazing conditions. This is partly attributed to the development of the epididymis and the quality of semen, both of which directly affect reproductive performance. The epididymis is a key male reproductive organ responsible for sperm storage and transport.

Anion-Exchange Membrane Electrolysis for Efficient Uranium Extraction from Saline Wastewater.

Recovery of uranium from residual spent fuel dissolution liquor in nuclear power plants is economically and environmentally desirable. While electrochemical extraction offers a greener alternative to solvent-based methods like the PUREX (plutonium uranium reduction extraction) process, it has been limited to batch processing of non-saline waters. Here, a high-performance ZrN/copper foam (ZrN/CF) electrode is presented that enables a continuous electroextraction-purification-reuse (EE-PR) process, achieving >98% pure UO directly from saline wastewater for direct reuse as nuclear fuel.

UCHL3: a crucial deubiquitinase in DNA damage repair and tumor progression.

Ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase L3 (UCHL3) is a deubiquitinase belonging to UCH protease family. Previous studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression of UCHL3 is correlated with the development of human diseases, especially in tumors. Notably, UCHL3 exhibits contradictory biological functions across different cancer types.

Liensinine reshapes the immune microenvironment and enhances immunotherapy by reprogramming metabolism through the AMPK-HIF-1α axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with limited treatment options in advanced stages. Liensinine, a natural alkaloid derived from Nelumbo nucifera, has shown promise as an anticancer agent. However, its underlying mechanisms, particularly in modulating tumor metabolism and immune responses, remain poorly understood.

Exo-miR-1911-5p regulates ferroptosis to promote macrophages M2 polarization-mediated gastric cancer cisplatin resistance via MYB/AKR1B10/ACC.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been implicated in fostering various hallmarks of cancer progression in gastric cancer (GC). However, the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying TAM-induced chemoresistance remain incompletely understood. Exosomes emerge as key players, mediating TAM-induced resistance to cisplatin (DDP) by regulating ferroptosis.

An Overview of the Role of Genetic factors in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Insights from Epidemiology to Prognosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease with an unclear etiology, is characterized by progressive respiratory impairment and a median survival of 3-5 years. The pathophysiology associated with genetic factors in IPF remains largely unknown, despite the fact that both familial and sporadic IPF exhibit genetic susceptibility. In this review, we comprehensively examine genetic variations associated with the functional roles of mucin 5B (MUC5B), telomerase complex, surfactant proteins, cytokines, signaling pathways, and epigenetic mechanisms.

Glucose-induced STUB1-GOT2 axis promotes aspartate synthesis and mitochondrial dysfunction in bladder cancer.

Aberrant glucose metabolism, a characteristic of malignant tumors, contributes to the development and progression of bladder cancer (BCa). However, the underlying mechanism by which aberrant glucose metabolism promotes BCa progression is still incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that low levels of STUB1 are associated with worse progression and poor prognosis of BCa patients.

Multiparameter MRI-based automatic segmentation and diagnostic models for the differentiation of intracranial solitary fibrous tumors and meningiomas.

Background: Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) and meningiomas are meningeal tumors with different malignancy levels and prognoses. Their similar imaging features make preoperative differentiation difficult, resulting in high misdiagnosis rates. Thus, accurately distinguishing SFTs from meningiomas preoperatively is vital for surgical planning and treatment strategies.

MYO1B promotes radioresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating tumor stemness and DNA damage repair via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a prevalent malignancy characterized by high recurrence rates. While surgery remains the primary treatment, postoperative radiotherapy is essential for preventing tumor recurrence. However, the mechanisms driving radiotherapy resistance in HNSC remain largely unknown.

Identification and characterization of miRNAs and targets in two poplar varieties with different resistance in responses to Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera) infestation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in plant defense against biotic stress, yet their regulatory mechanisms in poplar resistance to Anoplophora glabripennis (ALB) remain poorly understood. This study investigated the miRNA expression of two distinct poplar varieties, namely Populus tomentosa (resistant) and Populus × euramericana '74/76' (poplar 107, susceptible), after ALB infestation. Small RNA sequencing analysis identified 401 miRNAs in both P.

ATR-mediated phosphorylation of RIPK1 inhibits DNA damage-induced necroptosis.

Necroptosis induced by DNA damage during chemotherapy is a significant and effective treatment strategy for epithelial ovarian cancer. Ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related protein (ATR), a key kinase in DNA damage checkpoints, initiates repair by transmitting damage signals to effectors. However, persistent DNA damage may result in cell death.

Synthetic biology-driven induction of mature TLS formation enhances antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer.

The efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) hinges upon a comprehensive understanding of how the immune system interacts with tumor cells within the colorectal microenvironment. Mature tertiary lymphoid structures (mTLSs) are associated with an increased objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival in patients with CRC. Thus, it has been suggested that increasing mTLSs in the context of CRC could improve patient outcomes.

Associations Between Myopia and Brain Volumes: An Observational and Genetic Analysis.

Purpose: To examine phenotypic and genetic associations between myopia and various brain volumes using the UK Biobank database.

Methods: After 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) between participants with myopia and healthy controls, the relationship between myopia and brain volumes was examined using general linear regression, with adjustments for covariates including age, sex, ethnicity, Townsend Deprivation Index, lifestyle factors, and disease status. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons.

Effects of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels on the Growth, Body Composition, and Health of Liver and Intestine in Juvenile Tiger Puffer ().

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, plays a critical role in animal growth, inflammatory regulation, lipid metabolism, and neurological functions. However, the optimal dietary requirement of DHA for tiger puffer remains unknown. This study systematically investigated the effects of different dietary DHA levels on the growth performance, body composition, hematological parameters and tissue physiology of tiger puffer (average initial body weight 17.