Efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract in controlling patulin production by Penicillium expansum in sweet cherries.

Fungal toxin contamination presents significant hazards to agroecosystems and food safety. Penicillium expansum (P. expansum) emerges as a primary threat, damaging sweet cherries through spoilage and generating the hazardous mycotoxin patulin (PAT).

Hydrothermal lignin microspheres: Synthesis, structural evolution, and antibacterial performance.

This study reported a modified hydrothermal solvent method for preparing lignin microspheres (LNSs) with controllable size and morphology by precisely regulating the reaction temperature (160-220 °C). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to evaluate the structure, morphological, and dimensional attributes of lignin microspheres, and the synthesis mechanism was discussed. The antibacterial efficacy of the hydrothermally treated lignin microspheres (HTLNSs) was evaluated through phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) culture assays, as well as by assessing nucleic acid and protein leakage, and their inhibitory effect on cell membrane permeability.

Novel Thioredoxin reductase 1 inhibitor BS1801 relieves treatment resistance and triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress by elevating reactive oxygen species in glioma.

Glioma patients will inevitably develop resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) leading to tumor recurrence. By comparing genomic differences between primary and recurrent glioma patients, Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) was identified as a crucial role in TMZ resistance. Glioma cells elevate the expression level of TXNRD1 to against TMZ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby conferring TMZ resistance.

Unveiling the yeast interaction: Insights into the role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolites in regulating Torulaspora delbrueckii aroma biosynthesis during wine fermentation.

The interactions between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeasts through secreted metabolites play a crucial role in shaping wine aroma profiles, yet the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood. This study used a cell/medium separation strategy coupled with transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to elucidate the influence of S. cerevisiae metabolites on aroma biosynthesis in Torulaspora delbrueckii during wine fermentation.

Glucomannan polysaccharides derived from Pediococcus pentosaceus: From molecular characteristics to inhibition on colonic cancer cells proliferation.

Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from Pediococcus pentosaceus were obtained, followed by investigation of their structural and functional properties. Current results indicated the polysaccharides belonged to glucomannans, which mainly consisted of mannose and glucose with a molecular weight of 2248.71 kDa.

Cellulose nanocrystal composite films with bioinspired structural color for mechanically robust passive daytime radiative cooling.

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) offers a sustainable solution to global energy challenges by dissipating heat without energy input. However, conventional PDRC materials face trade-offs between biodegradability, color integration, optical transparency, and mechanical robustness. Herein, a biomimetic, structurally colored PDRC film fabricated via evaporation-induced self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), betaine, and polyvinyl alcohol was developed.

A review on microbial metabolic engineering for the improvement of itaconic acid production.

Itaconic acid (IA), also known as methylene-butanedioic acid, is one of the top 12 platform chemicals in the world and demand for it is growing worldwide. The itaconic acid molecule contains one reactive double bond and two carboxyl groups, endowing it with chemical reactivity. It is widely used in fields such as light industry, agriculture, energy, and medical applications.

The Effect of Weak Alkaline Electrolyzed Water on Cooked Rice: Texture, Rheology, Starch Structure, and Digestive Properties.

This study employed four rice varieties differing in amylose content: japonica rice A (JRA), japonica rice B (JRB), indica rice (IR), and glutinous rice (GR). Using tap water as the control, the impact of weak alkaline electrolyzed water (WAEW) on the gel formation and digestibility of rice was investigated. Results indicated that WAEW significantly enhanced the texture properties and gel strength of cooked rice.

Argonaute-triggered and enhancement-by-mixing nano-SERS-transduced triple cascade amplification strategy: Transforming ultrasensitive molecular detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

The emergence of diseases attributable to foodborne pathogens poses a significant threat to human health. Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute (PfAgo), a novel member of programmable nucleases, is repurposed for molecular detection owing to its programmable and sequence-specific nucleic acid cleaving capabilities. In this work, a triple cascade amplification strategy termed as PASS was developed for pathogenic bacteria biosensing.

Structural characteristics of Brassica rapa L. Polysaccharide and its bioactivity on alcoholic liver injury.

The global prevalence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has shown a concerning upward trend, with an increasing incidence among younger demographics. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction was employed to isolate polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L (BRL). The purified polysaccharide (BRLPP) was structurally characterized, and its protective effects against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were investigated.

Development of a high-efficiency N-acetylneuraminic acid production platform through multi-pathway synergistic engineering.

The growing demand for N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) has driven the need for efficient and environmentally sustainable biomanufacturing processes. Microbial fermentation offers a promising route, yet optimizing cell factories with excellent phenotypes remains challenging. Here, we engineered Escherichia coli to enable high-efficiency co-utilization of glucose and glycerol.

Characterization of the key aroma-active compounds causing the Douchi aroma in high-temperature Daqu via integrated molecular sensory science, metabolomics, and molecular docking.

"Qu is the backbone of Baijiu", and the production of premium Baijiu depends on high-quality Daqu. The Douchi aroma is a key sensory indicator of Daqu quality. However, the specific aroma-active compounds responsible for this characteristic remain unclear.

Analysis of non-volatile organic acids based on silanization combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemometrics: A robust strategy to discriminate geographical origin of sauce-flavor Baijiu.

The quality and aroma of sauce-flavor Baijiu exhibited significant regional characteristics, and the authenticity of its provenance served as the foundation of market value and consumer trust. Non-volatile organic acids (NVOAs) were the principal taste-modifying substances in liquors. Traditional identification methods, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), have limitations such as fewer compounds and higher detection limits in the analysis of NVOAs.

Regulatory Effects of Alkali-Extracted Polysaccharide Induced Intestinal Enrichment on Peripheral Blood Proteomics in Tumor-Bearing Mice.

polysaccharides have demonstrated multiple biological activities including immune regulation, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. The rapid development and integrated application of multi-omics can facilitate the unraveling of the complex network of immune system regulation. In this study, alkali-extracted polysaccharide (CPAP) were prepared, and their effects on gut microbiota compositions, metabolic pathways, and protein expressions in peripheral blood and solid tumors in mice were further evaluated.

Insights into heterogenetic mechanism in physicochemical driving factors, microbial community and volatile metabolites during high-temperature Daqu fermentation by traditional stacking and shelf stacking.

Background: Research on shelf-stacking fermentation is growing, with the aim of reducing labor and improving Daqu stability, but it still falls short compared to traditional stacking fermentation, especially for high-temperature Daqu (HTD). The heterogenetic mechanisms underlying+ these two Daqu remain unclear.

Results: The improved micro-oxygen environment in shelf-stacking fermentation significantly reduced acidity and increased liquefaction and esterification activities compared to traditionally stacked HTD (HTD-T).

Cyclization Decoded: Engineering Amylomaltase for Efficient α-Glucan Transformations.

α-Glucan, broadly distributed in nature or produced artificially by biotransformation, is fundamental to life. Amylomaltases (AMs) can modulate the biochemical properties of α-glucan through a distinctive cyclization feature to form α-1,4-glucoside-linked large-ring polysaccharides (cycloamyloses; CAs), endowing α-glucan with significant health benefits and medical value. While the industrial application of CAs continues to progress, the mechanistic intricacies of the cyclization process─and its nuanced interplay with hydrolysis─remain only partially understood.

Intratumoral core microbiota predicts prognosis and therapeutic response in gastrointestinal cancers.

Microbial communities residing in tumors constitute a critical component of the tumor microenvironment, particularly in gastrointestinal cancers arising from mucosal sites. However, the relationship between microbiota and oncogenesis, as well as its clinical applications, remains underexplored. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the tumor microbiome across six gastrointestinal cancer types and identified a core microbiota composed of 15 bacterial genera associated with patient prognosis.

Octenyl Succinic-Modified Starch Complexes with Dipalmitoyl Glycerol Isomers.

Starch-lipid complexes are generating great research interest due to their promising health benefits. However, there remains a big challenge for preparing typical V-type crystalline starch-diacylglycerol or triacylglycerol complexes. In this study, two diacylglycerol (DAG) isomers ((1,2 dipalmitoyl glycerol; 1,2 DPG) and (1,3 dipalmitoyl glycerol; 1,3 DPG)) were used to prepare the V-type crystalline starch-lipid complexes and to understand the role of molecular conformation in the formation of starch-DAG complexes using a modified previous protocol in which the complexing parameters were optimized.

Postbiotic-Mediated Obesity Reduction via Bioactive Peptide ETLVK and Gut Microbiota in HFD Mice.

Although () TCCC11824 (CGMCC 8198) has shown antiobesity effects, its active components remained unclear. This study reveals that the TCCC11824 crushed supernatant (LpS) exerts broad antiobesity activities in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. LpS significantly improved blood lipid profiles, reduced hepatic injury, and suppressed inflammation in liver and epididymal fat.

Exploring Europium Complex With Aggregation Induced Emission Properties for Immune Fluorescence Test Strips Applications.

Highly luminescent nanospheres have been demonstrated to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) due to their loading of numerous luminescent dyes. Herein, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens (AIEgens)-embedded nanospheres (AIENPs) with red-emissive AIE-active europium complexes were developed as signal amplification probes for LFIA for rapid and point-of-care detection of COVID-19 biomarkers, nasopharyngeal carcinoma biomarkers, and methamphetamine. Compared with the colloidal gold-based rapid and point-of-care detection approach, the AIENPs-based approach showed more than 10 times sensitivity to the target proteins and small molecules, highlighting its significant potential for pathogen- or cancer-related diseases early detection and screening, as well as its applicability in public safety monitoring.

Effects of artificial humic acid on rhizosphere ecology and microbial regulation in a ryegrass-Bacillus cereus symbiotic system for remediating Cr(VI)-contaminated soil.

Pollution by heavy metals, particularly hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), has become a significant environmental threat. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of artificial humic acid (A-HA) and Bacillus cereus Q-0 on Cr(VI) remediation in a ryegrass-soil system. A-HA was synthesized, and B.

Paper-based and chemical-free dual low-cost electrochemical biosensor for rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7.

A low-cost electrical assay is reported using a paper-based electrochemical biosensor modified with carboxylated graphene oxide (GO-COOH), which is capable of directly immobilizing antibodies without chemical cross-linkers and is promising for the rapid detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 in low-income areas. Antibodies were immobilized on the surface of the GO-COOH/C electrode at appropriate concentrations to directly and specifically capture targets.

Photoelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Polyols to Formic Acid at a High Photocurrent Density via a Multihydroxyl-Binding Strategy.

Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) oxidation of biomass-derived polyols into high-value C compounds [e.g., formic acid (FA)] provided a viable route for the efficient utilization of waste biomass.

Multimodal prediction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy outcomes in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are effective first-line treatments for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. However, some patients do not respond well, and some experience rapid progression despite initial benefit. This study aims to develop multimodal models integrating pre-treatment histopathological images and clinical variables to predict EGFR-TKIs therapy response and progression-free survival (PFS) in stage IV NSCLC patients.

Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Eminence Avulsion Fracture Repair With Reversed Suture Anchor.

Anterior cruciate ligament tibial eminence avulsion fracture may result in knee instability if not properly treated. Arthroscopic treatment has shown favorable clinical outcomes. Currently, high-strength suture fixation through the tibial tunnel and anchor suture-bridge technique are widely used surgical techniques.