Regulatory Effects of Alkali-Extracted Polysaccharide Induced Intestinal Enrichment on Peripheral Blood Proteomics in Tumor-Bearing Mice.

polysaccharides have demonstrated multiple biological activities including immune regulation, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. The rapid development and integrated application of multi-omics can facilitate the unraveling of the complex network of immune system regulation. In this study, alkali-extracted polysaccharide (CPAP) were prepared, and their effects on gut microbiota compositions, metabolic pathways, and protein expressions in peripheral blood and solid tumors in mice were further evaluated.

Accurate Classification of Multi-Cultivar Watermelons via GAF-Enhanced Feature Fusion Convolutional Neural Networks.

The online rapid classification of multi-cultivar watermelon, including seedless and seeded types, has far-reaching significance for enhancing quality control in the watermelon industry. However, interference in one-dimensional spectra affects the high-accuracy classification of multi-cultivar watermelons with similar appearances. This study proposed an innovative method integrating Gramian Angular Field (GAF), feature fusion, and Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE)-guided convolutional neural networks (CNN) based on VIS-NIR transmittance spectroscopy.

Quantification and discovery of quality control chemical markers for Shouhui Tongbian capsules by UPLC-MS/MS.

Guided by the principles of Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD), a highly selective and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was established for the simultaneous quantification of 15 compounds in Shouhui Tongbian capsules, enabling their effective quality control. The separation was carried out on a BEH C18 column (1.7 μm, 2.

The macroecology of spines on woody plants.

Spines are a major ecological innovation supporting plant defence and diversification. Spine anatomy is diverse, having arisen in multiple plant lineages from many different plant organs and parts, which may differ in relative advantages across environmental gradients. Systematic analyses of the correlates of spiny plant diversity are limited, but climate and soil properties may be important.

Distinct immune cell profiles associated with high-altitude hypoxia and severe acute mountain sickness.

High-altitude hypobaric hypoxia is associated with immune dysregulation, potentially linked to the progression of altitude illnesses such as acute mountain sickness (AMS) in unacclimatized individuals. However, the immune signatures associated with AMS severity remain poorly understood. This study investigated immune dynamics under high-altitude exposure and identified immune signatures associated with AMS severity.

d-Histidine inhibits growth as a potential anti-caries agent.

Background: Dental caries is a bacterial-mediated infectious disease that affects the hard tissues of the tooth, with being the primary cariogenic pathogen due to its robust biofilm-forming ability. Controlling biofilm formation is essential for caries prevention. Recent studies have indicated that D-amino acids, which are not incorporated into proteins, play regulatory roles in bacterial processes such as growth inhibition and biofilm dispersal.

Relationship Between Fat-to-Muscle Ratio and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) is an innovative metric that integrates fat and muscle constituents. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of FMR in predicting non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals with T2DM.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 307 hospitalized patients aged 50 years and older with T2DM.

Relationship Between Total Cholesterol/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Carotid Artery Plaque in Ischemic Stroke Patients Based on Sex and Age.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio and carotid artery plaque (CAP) in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), while also examining the influence of different sex and age on CAP presence and quantity. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 12 166 IS patients, dividing them into three groups based on TC/HDL-C tertiles (T1: TC/HDL-C < 3.55, T2: 3.

Synbiotic Supplementation Mitigates Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea by Enhancing Gut Microbiota Composition and Intestinal Barrier Function in a Canine Model.

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) remains a significant clinical challenge, with current treatments often inadequate for fully restoring gut health. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of synbiotics, including chitosan oligosaccharides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium butyricum, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, in mitigating AAD in a canine model. Sixteen Beagle dogs were randomly assigned to an AAD model group or a synbiotic treatment group.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in people living with HIV.

People living with HIV (PLWH) carry a higher risk of developing chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This relates to shared transmission pathways of HIV and viral hepatitis and a plethora of direct and indirect effects of HIV on the progression of chronic liver disease and HCC. In the absence of active cancer treatment, the prognosis of PLWH affected by HCC is worse than matched controls without HIV.

An Electron Beam Irradiation Postsynthetic Lanthanide-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Extraction of U(VI).

The development of highly efficient uranium adsorbents is pivotal for the sustainable advancement of nuclear energy. In this study, we present an innovative electron beam (EB) irradiation-assisted postsynthetic modification (PSM) strategy to engineer defects within a lanthanide-based metal-organic framework, MOF-76, significantly enhancing its U(VI) adsorption capacity. Compared to pristine MOF-76, the EB-modified MOF-76 demonstrates a remarkable increase in uranium removal efficiency, achieving the highest removal rate at a cumulative radiation dose of 120 kGy─twice that of the pristine material.

Causal role of MiRNAs in chronic rhinosinusitis: mendelian randomization and validation study.

Background: Despite significant advances in understanding the epigenetic landscape of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the specific microRNAs (miRNAs) with a causal role in CRS pathogenesis remain unclear.

Objective: This study aims to identify miRNAs that causally contribute to CRS and to elucidate their clinical relevance and underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, leveraging mirQTLs as exposure variables and two independent CRS datasets as outcomes, to identify miRNAs causally linked to CRS.

A Comparison of 3 Minimally Invasive Surgeries for Treating Axillary Osmidrosis.

Background: Axillary osmidrosis is a common cause of physical and social discomfort. Although many treatments are available, there is still room for improvement.

Objective: For treatments of axillary osmidrosis 3 minimally invasive surgical methods of nasal endoscope-assisted suction cutting device, liposuction combined with subcutaneous curettage, and small incision trimming method are compared for the clinical efficacy, advantages and disadvantages.

Risk Warning of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Neurological Recovery in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Thrombolysis: A Retrospective Study.

Background: To investigate the relationship between dynamic changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neurological recovery in noninfected patients with acute cerebral infarction after thrombolysis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 277 patients with stroke thrombolysis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify factors influencing recovery, and 1:1 propensity matching was performed between the groups to compare the changes in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, muscle strength, and NLR after treatment.

Hybrid prediction method for solar photovoltaic power generation using normal cloud parrot optimization algorithm integrated with extreme learning machine.

As the energy crisis environmental concerns rise, harnessing renewable energy sources like photovoltaics (PV) is critical for sustainable development. However, the seasonal variability and random intermittency of solar power pose significant forecasting challenges, threatening grid stability. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel renewable energy hybrid forecasting method, NCPO-ELM, to adequately capture spatial and temporal dependencies within meteorological data crucial for accurate predictions.

Impact of dietary nutrition regimens based on body composition analysis on bone metabolism in Alzheimer's disease patients.

Background: Body composition analysis (BCA) is primarily used in the management of conditions such as obesity and endocrine disorders. However, its potential in providing nutritional guidance for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains relatively unexplored.

Aim: To explore the clinical efficacy of BCA-based dietary nutrition scheme on bone metabolism in AD patients.

Immune imbalance in the pre-ovulatory follicular microenvironment of overweight and obese women during IVF.

Background: Overweight and obesity can induce an inflammatory milieu in the oocyte microenvironment and are closely associated with reduced assisted reproductive outcomes.

Objective: How are immune cells, cytokines and lipid profiles altered in the pre-ovulatory microenvironment of overweight and obese women?

Methods: 32 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) were included, with 14 overweight or obese (OW) and 18 normal weight (NW) participants. Serum was collected before ovulation induction, follicular fluid (FF) and aspirates were obtained during oocyte retrieval for flow cytometry, cytokines, hormone, and lipid profiles measurement.

Unraveling the immunological landscape and gut microbiome in sepsis: a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and prognosis.

Background: Comprehensive and in-depth research on the immunophenotype of septic patients remains limited, and effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis are urgently needed in clinical practice.

Methods: Blood samples from 31 septic patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), 25 non-septic ICU patients, and 18 healthy controls were analyzed using flow cytometry for deep immunophenotyping. Metagenomic sequencing was performed in 41 fecal samples, including 13 septic patients, 10 non-septic ICU patients, and 18 healthy controls.

Site-Selective Modification and Labeling of Native RNA.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) plays a pivotal role in regulating biological processes within living systems, with modified nucleosides serving as critical modulators of various aspects of biological functions. Therefore, the development of efficient methodologies for late-stage, site-selective RNA modification is of considerable interest, as it facilitates the functional exploration of RNA chemical modifications and their implications for therapeutic applications. Precise RNA modification holds significant promise for the treatment of genetic diseases by enabling the correction of mutated nucleobases to their wild-type forms.

Genome-wide Characterization of the Gene Family and Its Expression Pattern in Different Tissues and Under Stresses in and .

Multiprotein bridging factor 1 (MBF1) is a transcription factor family playing crucial roles in plant development and stress responses. In this study, we analyzed MBF1 genes in and under abiotic stresses, revealing evolutionary patterns and functional differences. Four genes were identified in and two in , with conserved MBF1 and HTH domains, similar exon/intron structures, and stress-related -elements in their promoters.

Development of a Portable Rapid Detection Method for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Using Reverse Transcription-Recombinase-Aided Amplification Technology.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) continues to spread globally, causing clinical symptoms in piglets, including watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration. Its exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rate contributes significantly to the economic losses of the swine industry. The continuous genetic mutations of PEDV have compromised the effectiveness of classical strain vaccines.

Characterize Firmness Changes of Nectarine and Peach Fruit Associated With Harvest Maturity and Storage Duration Using Parameters of Force-Displacement Curves.

Fruit firmness is a critical attribute for evaluating the quality of peaches and nectarines. The precise measurement of fruit firmness plays a key role in maturity assessment, determining harvest periods, and predicting shelf-life. Texture analyzers are increasingly employed for accurate fruit firmness measurement, offering advantages in reducing operator errors compared to the traditional Magness-Taylor test.

The major roles of intestinal microbiota and TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway in acute intestinal inflammation in mice, and the improvement effect by Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharide.

Acute enteritis, an intestinal disease with intestinal inflammation and injury as the main pathological manifestations. Inhibiting the inflammatory response is critical to the treatment of acute enteritis. Previous studies have shown that the Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharide (HRP) has strong immune-enhancing effects.

Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Purine Compounds Synergistically Inducing Larval Settlement in Using Multi-Group Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis.

Most benthic marine invertebrates exhibit a characteristic biphasic life cycle, consisting of a planktonic larval stage followed by a benthic adult stage [...