EXPRESS: Effects of Magnesium and Potassium on Insulin Resistance and Blood Sugar Level among Insomniac Patients with Diabetes Mellitus-A Randomized Control Trial.

Aims: To compare the effect of magnesium and potassium on insulin resistance and blood sugar levels among insomniac patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted on 320 subjects enrolled in placebo (T1), Magnesium (T2), Potassium (T3) and Magnesium + Potassium (T4) treatment groups. Pre- and post-trial blood sugar and insulin levels were analyzed through blood.

Recent Advances in Traceability, Authentication, and Bioactive Profiling of Fruit and Fruit-Based Products Using Analytical Techniques Combined With Chemometrics.

Fruit and fruit-based products are a valuable source of essential nutrients, critical for food security, and drive economic productivity with minimal inputs. The significant rise in global demand for high-quality imported fruit and fruit-based products reflects a shift in consumer awareness and interest in the products origin and potential health-promoting bioactive compounds. Analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, inductively coupled plasma techniques, isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, visible near infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging (HSI), mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, terahertz spectroscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, electronic nose (e-nose), and electronic tongue (e-tongue) coupled with supervised and unsupervised chemometrics can be employed for traceability, authentication, and bioactive profiling of fruit and fruit-based products.

Differences in physicochemical and functional properties of from-concentrate and not-from-concentrate apple pomace: an investigation based on different drying methods.

Background: Apple pomace (AP), a byproduct of apple processing, is nutrient-rich, and its properties are influenced by both the quality of the apples and the juice extraction process. Drying technology can enhance its economic utilization. This study compared the effects of industrial drum drying (ID) and laboratory hot-air drying, heat pump drying and freeze drying (FD) on the physicochemical, functional and structural properties of from-concentrate AP (FC-AP) and not-from-concentrate AP (NFC-AP).

Enhanced freeze-drying efficiency in restructured peach: Multiscale insights into heat and mass transfer mechanisms from experiments and computational simulations.

While restructuring agricultural products enhances heat and mass transfer during freeze-drying, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study employed a multiscale approach, combining freezing dynamics, sublimation drying kinetics, X-ray tomography, gas permeability assessments, thermodynamic parameters analysis, and mathematical modeling to systematically investigate the differences in transfer properties between natural and restructured peaches across the freezing and sublimation drying processes. Key results demonstrated that restructuring decreased the freezing time by 21.

Perspectives on two major bioactives in ginger, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, focusing on the metabolic fate and bioactivities.

Ginger, a globally cultivated spice and medicinal herb, is renowned for its health benefits and distinctive flavor. As ginger's main pungent and bioactive components, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol share similar physicochemical properties and can be obtained by extraction from ginger or chemical synthesis. After oral ingestion, the biological fate of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol are influenced by processes including absorption, biotransformation, distribution, and excretion.

Okra Mucilage as a Multifunctional Fat Replacer in Mozzarella Cheese: A Nutritious and Sustainable Solution for the Food Industry.

Mozzarella is a white, soft, fermented cheese that is often recognized for its stretchability and typically contains approximately 40% total fat (dry basis), a considerable portion of which is saturated fat. Low-fat mozzarella cheese (LFMC) has started to increase in popularity among health-conscious consumers. Unfortunately, the inadequate meltability and rubbery texture of LFMC make it undesirable for many consumers.

Anthocyanins From Sweet Potatoes (): Bioavailability, Mechanisms of Action, and Therapeutic Potential in Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders.

, commonly known as sweet potato, is an increasingly valued functional food because of its vivid coloration and rich bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins and carotenoids, such as ipomoeaxanthin. This review focuses on the bioavailability, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential of sweet potato-derived anthocyanins in diabetes and metabolic disorders. Anthocyanins, which are plant pigments, exhibit high antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and stimulating endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, thereby protecting cellular structures from damage and reducing oxidative damage in vital metabolic organs such as the pancreas, liver, brain, and muscles.

Microbial community structure analysis and screening of dominant strains in Guizhou white sour soup: enhancing safety, improving flavor, and shortening fermentation cycle.

White sour soup (WSS) is a traditional fermented food from Guizhou, China. To address the issues of long fermentation cycles, inconsistent quality, and safety risks, this study screened core strains based on microbial diversity. Analysis of 20 WSS samples revealed , , and as dominant genera, with eight harmful microorganisms detected in naturally fermented samples.

Aloe emodin functionalized dual-channel label with self-adhesion and hydrophobicity for visual monitoring of seafood freshness.

In this study, aloe emodin and β-d-glucose pentaacetate were added into potato starch/polyvinyl alcohol for the construction of colorimetric/fluorescent dual-pass intelligent response labels. Inspired by the lotus leaf structure, retained the advantages of the label itself and solved the hydrophilic problem of the label, and further developed a multi-functional dual-channel smart label with hydrophobicity and self-adhesion. The water contact angle of the prepared T-AEB label was 120.

Carryover effects of feeding tropical fresh or air-dried roughage to Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows on nutritional, techno-functional, and sensory properties of mozzarella cheese.

This study investigated how different dietary roughages, Napier-Pakchong (NP), jumbo sorghum (JB), and rice straw (RS) fed to Holstein-Friesian (HF) crossbred cows affect the nutritional, techno-functional, and sensory properties of mozzarella cheese under tropical conditions in Bangladesh. Iso-nitrogenous (≈12.54% CP) and iso-energetic (ME ≈2.

Dietary Phytochemicals in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management: A Comprehensive Review.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and a major public health issue. According to recent World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, CVD causes approximately 17.9 million deaths annually, accounting for 32% of global mortality.

Convergent domestication of bitter apples and pears by selecting mutations of MYB transcription factors to reduce proanthocyanidin levels.

Fruit domestication has long aimed to reduce bitterness, yet the molecular mechanisms behind this trait remain only partially understood. Wild apples and pears naturally accumulate high levels of bitter proanthocyanidins (PAs), also known as condensed tannins. In this study, a convergent domestication process was identified in both fruits, involving the selection of weak alleles of MYB transcription factors that regulate PA biosynthesis.

Neem (): A Miracle Herb; Panacea for All Ailments.

The neem tree (), native to the Indian subcontinent, has recently gained global recognition because of its extensive therapeutic qualities. It contains a high concentration of antioxidants and other valuable active substances including azadirachtin, salannin, nimbidin, nimbolinin, nimbidol, nimbin, and quercetin, which are extracted from various plant parts. It has been widely utilized in Ayurveda, Unani, and Homeopathic treatments and has gained significant attention in modern medicine.

Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management in Fruits and Vegetables: A Comprehensive Treatise.

Postharvest diseases, driven by necrotrophic fungi such as , , and , pose a significant threat to global fruit and vegetable supply chains, resulting in annual losses of 20%-40% and economic impacts exceeding $10 billion. This review critically evaluates innovative, sustainable strategies for biological control, nanotechnology, edible coatings, and plant growth regulators (PGRs) to mitigate these losses, emphasizing their mechanisms and efficacy. Biological agents like and reduce disease incidence by 60%-85% through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nutrient competition.

Moisture Microenvironment-Regulating Electro spun Membranes for Extending Litchi Shelf Life.

To address post-harvest issues of litchi, including browning, water loss, and nutrient degradation, a moisture microenvironment-regulating electro spun membrane was prepared by incorporating hydrophobic carnauba wax (CW)@nano silica (SiO) composite powder into a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix via electro spinning. The dynamic water penetration equilibrium was evaluated by monitoring the water vapor absorption of the electrospun membrane within 12 h, while the effects of CW@SiO on the micro-structure, mechanical properties, hydrophobicity, and thermal stability were investigated. Results showed that the tensile strength of the PET-2.

Synergistic enhancement of PBAT biodegradation by Purpureocillium lilacinum BA1S: Insights from transcriptomics and functional analyses.

Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a biodegradable polyester widely used in agriculture and packaging. However, its slow decomposition under natural conditions raises environmental concerns. In this study, we explored strategies to enhance PBAT degradation by Purpureocillium lilacinum strain BA1S.

Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Microbial, and Sensory Analysis of Buffalo Milk Stirred Yogurt Fortified With Cactus Pear () Pulp.

The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating cactus pear pulp (CPP) at various concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% w/w) levels on the physicochemical, functional, LAB, and sensory attributes of stirred buffalo milk yogurt during refrigerated storage over 21 days. The results revealed that all measured qualitative attributes of yogurt samples were significantly ( < 0.05) affected by the CPP concentrations and storage durations.

Dietary Patterns and Water Footprint Among University Students: A Comparative Analysis With Recommendations.

Objective: (1) To evaluate the quality and perception of the diet, as well as the dietary diversity (DD) of the students of the bachelor's degree in nutrition in Argentina; (2) estimate the water footprint (WF) associated with their food consumption; (3) compare the total dietary WF of the participants with proposed recommendations, and (4) compare the scores of quality, DD, and dietary WF volume between students' groups according to their academic progress.

Design: An observational and descriptive study with a cross-sectional quantitative design was conducted in June 2022.

Participants: Five hundred and twenty-five students (207 entrants and 318 advanced).

Structural characteristics of Brassica rapa L. Polysaccharide and its bioactivity on alcoholic liver injury.

The global prevalence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has shown a concerning upward trend, with an increasing incidence among younger demographics. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction was employed to isolate polysaccharides from Brassica rapa L (BRL). The purified polysaccharide (BRLPP) was structurally characterized, and its protective effects against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were investigated.

Unraveling the mechanism of CaCl-assisted microwave demulsification: a dual-focus analysis on peanut oil body emulsions and their intrinsic proteins.

Aqueous enzyme extraction (AEE) is an eco-friendly peanut oil extraction method hindered by complex oil body emulsion (OBE). This study optimized a CaCl-assisted microwave demulsification (CAMD) process (10 mmol/L CaCl addition, 500 W microwave demulsification for 2 min). Compared with the control (no CaCl addition, no microwave), the demulsification rate boosted from 36.

Modulation of potato starch gelatinization, rheological properties, and mechanical properties: the role of potato soluble dietary fiber with different molecular weights.

This study investigated the effect of the molecular weight (Mw) of potato soluble dietary fiber (PSDF) on potato starch (PS) gelatinization. Crude PSDF delayed gelatinization, and significantly improved the viscoelasticity and structure orderliness of the gel. However, PSDFs of different Mws had different effects on these physicochemical properties of PS.

Bioactivity and Phytochemical Characterization of Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou. Leaves: HPLC-DAD Profiling, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antidiarrheal Potentials.

Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou, a mangrove species (family: Rhizophoraceae), has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. This study investigates the phytochemical composition along with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiarrheal potentials of C.

Correction: Qin et al. Metabolites from the Endophyte CM-YJ44 Alleviate Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells via the IRS1/PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/GLUT4 Pathway. 2025, , 817.

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Longan Polysaccharide as Adjuvant for Cyclophosphamide-Induced Side Effects in Murine Model.

Identifying effective adjuvants to prevent and alleviate the adverse effects of chemotherapy remains a critical challenge in cancer therapy. This study investigated the protective effects of longan polysaccharide (LP) against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression and oxidative stress in mice. Our findings revealed that LP administration significantly improved systemic immune function, as evidenced by marked increases in serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG2a: 1.