Dietary Phytochemicals in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management: A Comprehensive Review.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and a major public health issue. According to recent World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, CVD causes approximately 17.9 million deaths annually, accounting for 32% of global mortality.

Novel Insights into T-Cell Exhaustion and Cancer Biomarkers in PDAC Using ScRNA-Seq.

One of the aggressive and lethal cancers, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by poor prognosis and resistance to conventional treatments. Moreover, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a crucial role in the progression and therapeutic resistance of PDAC. It is associated with T-cell exhaustion, leading to the progressive loss of T-cell functions with an impaired ability to kill tumor cells.

Neem (): A Miracle Herb; Panacea for All Ailments.

The neem tree (), native to the Indian subcontinent, has recently gained global recognition because of its extensive therapeutic qualities. It contains a high concentration of antioxidants and other valuable active substances including azadirachtin, salannin, nimbidin, nimbolinin, nimbidol, nimbin, and quercetin, which are extracted from various plant parts. It has been widely utilized in Ayurveda, Unani, and Homeopathic treatments and has gained significant attention in modern medicine.

Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management in Fruits and Vegetables: A Comprehensive Treatise.

Postharvest diseases, driven by necrotrophic fungi such as , , and , pose a significant threat to global fruit and vegetable supply chains, resulting in annual losses of 20%-40% and economic impacts exceeding $10 billion. This review critically evaluates innovative, sustainable strategies for biological control, nanotechnology, edible coatings, and plant growth regulators (PGRs) to mitigate these losses, emphasizing their mechanisms and efficacy. Biological agents like and reduce disease incidence by 60%-85% through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nutrient competition.

Association Between Iron Deficiency Without Anemia and Cognitive Impairment in Children.

Background: Iron deficiency without anemia is a potentially serious, under-recognized nutritional problem that may adversely influence children's cognitive and behavioral development. Although the connection is supported globally, there is a lack of localized studies in Pakistan. This research investigates the relationship between iron deficiency without anemia and cognitive-behavioral problems in Pakistani children aged 5-18.

Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Microbial, and Sensory Analysis of Buffalo Milk Stirred Yogurt Fortified With Cactus Pear () Pulp.

The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating cactus pear pulp (CPP) at various concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% w/w) levels on the physicochemical, functional, LAB, and sensory attributes of stirred buffalo milk yogurt during refrigerated storage over 21 days. The results revealed that all measured qualitative attributes of yogurt samples were significantly ( < 0.05) affected by the CPP concentrations and storage durations.

Molecular characterization of heavy metal-tolerant bacteria and their potential for bioremediation and plant growth promotion.

Introduction: Heavy metal pollution adversely affects soil health by disrupting the microbial community structure and functions. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize heavy metal-tolerant bacterial strains and evaluate their potential for soil bioremediation and promoting agricultural sustainability.

Methods: A total of 68 bacterial strains were isolated from industrial discharge-contaminated sites and screened for their maximum tolerance limits (MTL) against Cr, Cu, Pb, As, and Cd.

Kaempferol alleviates cypermethrin induced reproductive toxicity in rats via Nrf2-mediated antioxidant and apoptotic regulation with histopathological evidence: in vivo and in silico study.

Cypermethrin (CYP), a common synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, is associated with oxidative stress-mediated female reproductive toxicity. With increasing concern over reproductive failures, exploring natural alternatives to mitigate this problem is crucial. For this purpose, thirty-six female SD rats were divided into six different (n = 6) groups such as negative control (group I), while disease control (group II) was treated to CYP-induced toxicity.

Levilactobacillus brevis MW362790 and Pediococcus pentosaceus MT323062 Alleviate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepato-renal Toxicity.

Heavy metal contamination, particularly cadmium (Cd), poses serious health risks through bioaccumulation and oxidative stress. Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exhibit metal-binding properties and have demonstrated potential in mitigating Cd toxicity. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of two locally isolated LAB strains Levilactobacillus brevis MW362790 and Pediococcus pentosaceus MT323062 against Cd-induced toxicity in rat model.

Association Between Environmental Risk Factors and Asthma Control Among Hospitalized Children With Recurrent Wheezing: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Asthma is among the most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions in childhood, and environmental causes are suspected mainly to play a role in poor asthma control. Despite the worldwide evidence, localized investigations appraising the ecological risk factors and consequences of asthma among hospitalized children having recurrent episodes of wheezing are unavailable in Pakistan. The current study investigates the relationship between environmental exposures and asthma control in this high-risk pediatric population.

Functional, Nutraceutical, and Pharmacological Properties of Black Seed.

Since ancient times, black seed, or , has gained popularity in modern industry and health due to its numerous nutritional and therapeutic applications. Detailed coverage of the botanical description, taxonomy, and phytochemical composition can be seen in this review about the most crucial bioactive compounds, such as thymoquinone, alkaloids, saponins, and fixed oils. This therapeutic plant has undergone numerous studies about its solicitations in treating cancer, its protective effects on the heart, and its antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties.

Burnout and leadership in special education: A sustainable approach through the Lens of SDG 3 and SDG 4.

Burnout is a critical challenge for special education teachers, undermining teacher well-being and educational quality. This study examines how transformational leadership in special education influences teacher burnout (termed special education work burnout, SEWB) through the mediating pathways of special education teacher admiration and student-centered cognitive empathy (SCCE), and whether these effects depend on teachers' sense of responsibility (SETSR). A quantitative survey was conducted with 439 special education teachers in China.

Endoscopic Transnasal Excision of Foramen Ovale Schwannoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Schwannomas are benign, slow-growing tumors that develop from Schwann cells in the nerve sheath and can occur in peripheral, cranial, or autonomic nerves. Foramen ovale schwannomas are a rare variant in the head and neck region representing 1%-2% of all intracranial schwannomas, with parapharyngeal space involvement complicating surgical resection. A 48-year-old male presented with headaches after an episode of light-headedness along with facial pain.

Comparative Analysis of Food Addiction and Obesity: A Critical Review.

Compulsive ingestion of tasty foods is a characteristic of food addiction (FA), a debated but increasingly recognized disorder that shares neurological features with drug-use disorders. This review examines the overlapping processes between FA and obesity, with a focus on the opioid and dopamine reward systems. Sweet, fatty, and salty processed foods dominate our brain pathways, making them increasingly less able to feel full and urge us to eat more than we require.

Novel electrosprayed core-shell polyethyleneimine and phospholipid coated MSNs for Co-delivery of KAZ3 and MDR-1 siRNA for efficient chemotherapy in multidrug-resistant colon cancer.

Different strategies and multifunctional nano-carriers have been employed to enhance chemotherapeutic drugs bioavailability and tackle acquired multi-drug resistance (MDR) thus ensuring efficient chemotherapy with fewer adverse effects. Among these, mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) are exciting matrices for improving cytotoxic drugs bioavailability and circumventing MDR through its potential of co-delivery of anticancer agents and short interfering RNA (siRNA). In this study, MSNs were coated with (1:1) Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and phospholipids (PL) composite and were loaded with KAZ3 (Anticancer chalcone) using coaxial electrospraying in a one step process.

Portal vein thrombosis in a patient on semaglutide.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are both modern-day pandemics, significantly impacting worldwide healthcare. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA) semaglutide is a novel treatment for both T2DM and obesity; however, it can be associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This case report describes a 59-year-old woman with T2DM who received semaglutide for the management of glycemic levels and also experienced the additional advantage of weight reduction.

Functional, Nutraceutical and Health Endorsing Perspectives of Saffron.

L., widely recognized as saffron, is a high-value spice renowned for its culinary and medicinal applications. Cultivated primarily in regions like Iran, Greece, and India, saffron is derived from the red stigmas of the Crocus flower.

Effects of intensive blood pressure control on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hypertension frequently coexists with diabetes, affecting over two-thirds of diabetic patients and significantly increasing cardiovascular (CV) risk. While blood pressure (BP) reduction offers substantial benefits in this population, the optimal systolic blood pressure (SBP) target remains controversial. This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of intensive SBP lowering (<130 mmHg) versus standard therapy (<150 mmHg) on key CV outcomes in hypertensive patients with diabetes.

Clinical and echocardiographic phenotype of cardiac wasting in patients with advanced cancer.

Aims: Cardiac wasting-associated cardiomyopathy in patients with advanced cancer is characterized by loss of left ventricular (LV) mass and independently associated with poor prognosis. Better understanding of this very prevalent cardiomyopathy is urgently needed.

Methods And Results: Overall, 398 patients with active, mostly advanced cancer without significant cardiovascular disease (mean LV ejection fraction [LVEF] 64.

Association Between Depression and Medication Adherence Among Post-myocardial Infarction Patients in a South Asian Clinical Setting.

Background:  Medication adherence is vital for successful recovery after a myocardial infarction (MI). Unfortunately, many patients experience depression following an MI, which can negatively affect their ability to stick to prescribed medication plans. It is important to explore how depression influences medication adherence, especially in South Asian clinical environments where cultural factors can significantly impact health outcomes.

Urinary Calcium Measurement in Patients With Hypercalcaemia; Endocrine Physicians and Surgeons Survey Results From UK.

Background: In patients with hypercalcaemia, assessment of urinary calcium excretion helps differentiate primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) from familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH). For this, 24 h calcium to creatinine clearance ratio (CCCR) is recommended, but others tests like random CCCR, 24 h urine calcium excretion (UCE), and calcium to creatinine ratio (CR) are also frequently used.

Objective: The survey objective was to evaluate current practice among UK endocrinologists and surgeons.

Dynamics and stability of soliton solutions for the seventh-order Sawada-Kotera-Ito equation with applications.

The seventh-order Sawada-Kotera-Ito equation is a fundamental nonlinear partial differential equation that arises in modeling complex wave phenomena in fluid dynamics and other physical systems. In this study, two analytical techniques, namely, the [Formula: see text]-model expansion method and the extended simplest equation method are employed to derive exact analytical solutions to the seventh-order Sawada-Kotera-Ito equation. As a result, we construct explicit solutions that describe solitary waves, kink and anti-kink waves, breather-type waves, and other wave structures.

BioAug-Net: a bioimage sensor-driven attention-augmented segmentation framework with physiological coupling for early prostate cancer detection in T2-weighted MRI.

Accurate segmentation of the prostate peripheral zone (PZ) in T2-weighted MRI is critical for the early detection of prostate cancer. Existing segmentation methods are hindered by significant inter-observer variability (37.4 ± 5.