The Developmental Trajectory and Correlation of Human Milk Microbiota and Oligosaccharides in Taiwanese Lactating Mothers.

Human milk microbiota (HMM) and human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are crucial components of breast milk that influence infant health and development. This study provides long-term insights into the dynamic changes in HMM and HMOs and their interactions among Taiwanese lactating mothers. A cohort of 90 mothers with singleton, full-term infants contributed 319 breast milk samples across eight lactation stages over 52 weeks.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence and Precision Diets for Brain Health and Cognitive Resilience.

Smart neuronutrition represents an emerging interdisciplinary field at the intersection of nutritional science, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence (AI), to enhance cognitive resilience, mental well-being, and healthy brain aging through precision dietary strategies. This review critically examined the current body of evidence on the impact of dietary patterns and nutrients on neurobiological processes involved in cognitive decline, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance, and gut-brain axis dysregulation. Neuroprotective dietary approaches, including the Mediterranean, Mediterranean dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay, DASH, and ketogenic diets, are highlighted for their anti-inflammatory effects, alongside specific nutrients- ω-3 fatty acids, B-complex vitamins, polyphenols, and microbiota-directed fibers-that have demonstrated benefits for memory, executive function, and emotional stability.

A comprehensive review of post-harvest agricultural product deterioration signature volatile organic compounds.

Post-harvest management of agricultural products is crucial for minimizing spoilage and economic losses. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have emerged as effective indicators of early-stage deterioration, offering a promising approach to improving detection methods. This review examines the role of VOCs in spoilage identification, emphasizing key markers such as terpenes, ketones, esters, and aldehydes in fruits, vegetables, grains, and legumes.

Metabolic Variations in Bamboo Shoot Boiled Liquid During B49 Fermentation.

Bamboo shoot boiled liquid (BSBL), a processing byproduct containing soluble proteins, peptides, amino acids, carbohydrates, and phenolics, is typically discarded, causing resource waste and environmental issues. This study analyzed metabolic changes in BSBL during B49 fermentation. The result of partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed significant metabolite profile differences across fermentation times (0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h).

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Distinct Anthocyanin Profiles in Napier Grass ( Schumach.) Cultivars.

Plant secondary metabolites regulate plant growth and serve as valuable pharmaceutical resources. Napier grass ( Schumach.), a Poaceae species, shows potential as a functional food.

Effects of ε-Poly-L-Lysine/Chitosan Composite Coating on the Storage Quality, Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism, and Membrane Lipid Metabolism of .

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a composite coating composed of 150 mg/L ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) and 5 g/L chitosan (CTS) in extending the shelf life and maintaining the postharvest quality of fresh . Freshly harvested were treated by surface spraying, with distilled water serving as the control. The effects of the coating on storage quality, physicochemical properties, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and membrane lipid metabolism were evaluated during storage at (25 ± 1) °C.

Evaluating Inflorescence Morphology in Two Species and Subspecies of the Genus R. Brown.

(1) The primary objective was to determine whether, within this taxonomically challenging group, the closely related European species and their subspecies exhibit distinct inflorescence characters that allow for unambiguous differentiation. This study focuses on two closely related species within the genus : (Schrank) Borbás and (L.) Beauv.

Integration of E-tongue, GC-IMS and chemometrics for unraveling the disparities in volatile profiles of optimized jujube craft beers.

Jujube, possessing a delightful flavor and unique nutritional value, is suitable as an adjunct in brewing jujube craft beer. In this research, through the optimization of brewing conditions, the E-tongue, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) coupled with chemometrics were adopted to conduct the analysis of the differences in the contents of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) between jujube craft beer and non-jujube craft beer. Notably, the ANS and CTS sensors of the E-tongue were capable of clearly distinguishing the aroma differences among various varieties.

Combined effect of thermosonication and natural preservatives on the quality of sugarcane juice.

Sugarcane juice (SCJ) is highly perishable, requiring effective preservation to maintain quality. Traditional methods ensure microbial safety but compromise juice quality, prompting exploration of alternatives. This study evaluated the synergistic effects of thermosonication (TS) and natural preservatives (NP) on SCJ quality, including physicochemical, viscosity, phytochemical, microbial, and sensory attributes.

Metabolomics for origin traceability of lamb: An ensemble learning approach based on random forest recursive feature elimination.

The origin traceability of lamb is a longstanding concern for consumers. Despite the widespread application of untargeted metabolomics in meat origin traceability, challenges remain in achieving rapid and accurate identification of biomarkers. This study utilized untargeted metabolomics to analyse five breeds of geographical indication lamb, obtaining profile data comprising a total of 4139 metabolites.

Effect of low-energy stirring temperature on the formation of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by gelatin-arginine complexes.

The impact of low-energy stirring temperatures (30 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C, 90 °C) on the stability of gelatin emulsions was investigated when stirring with a magnetic stirrer at 1600 rpm for 3.5 h at an arginine (Arg) concentration of 1.2 % (w/v).

Identification of characteristic lipids of Tan lamb and their potential health benefits.

Increasing evidence highlights the beneficial effects of dietary lipids on human health, and understanding the nutritional and bioactive properties of characteristic lipids in high-quality agri-food products can further advance biomarker-driven personalized nutrition. Here we characterize the lipidomic landscape of Tan lamb using UPLC-Q-Extractive-MS/MS, identifying 1521 lipid species and revealing significant differences in glycerolipid (GL) abundance between the Longissimus Dorsi and Rectus Femoris. Further differential lipid analysis identified 50 lipid biomarkers of Tan lamb, all of which exhibited higher levels compared to those in Oula and Bahan.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Goat Milk Against Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rat Model.

The current study evaluated the protective and antioxidant effects of goat milk, alone and in combination with sulfasalazine (SAZ), against acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in Sprague Dawley rats. Thirty rats were divided into five groups with six rats in each group. UC was induced using 3% AA, administered intrarectally (IR) at a dose of 3 mL per rat once daily for the first three consecutive days of the experiment.

Metabolic Profile of 6-Paradol, a Bioactive Compound of Ginger in Mice by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

6-Paradol is a pungent compound found in ginger, with multiple health benefits. However, the in vivo metabolic fate of 6-paradol remains unclear, which impedes the mechanistic research and application of the compound. This is the first report of an in vivo metabolic study of 6-paradol.

Moisture-dependent cold plasma pretreatment enhances allergen Ara h 1 reduction during heat processing in peanuts.

Food allergy affects millions worldwide, with peanuts being a common allergen. Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) shows potential for reducing allergens by modifying protein structures but faces challenges in penetrating solid foods. This study investigates how internal moisture enhances ACP penetration and allergen reduction in peanuts.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction with deep eutectic solvents for valorization of agro-food waste: A sustainable and eco-friendly approach.

The growing need for innovative, sustainable, and eco-friendly solutions worldwide has intensified efforts to valorize agro-food waste, which is generated in vast quantities worldwide and is rich in valuable substances with diverse industrial applications. Conventional extraction methods using organic solvents have long been employed for this purpose, but their significant drawbacks highlight the need for alternative approaches. This review explores the application of non-thermal ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for extracting valuable substances from agro-food waste.

Evaluation of Larvae Oil as a Dietary Substitute for Fish and Vegetable Oils in African Catfish Hybrid ().

Alternative sources of dietary fish oil (FO) are necessary for the growth of the aquaculture industry. This study investigated the potential benefits of black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFLO) as a feed ingredient in the diets of African catfish hybrids ( × ). Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets-a control diet (CTR) containing a FO and rapeseed oil (RO) mixture (50:50), IO50 containing BSFLO replacing 50% of FO and RO mixture and IO100 containing 100% BSFLO-were formulated.

Reinforcement of chitosan/ polyvinyl alcohol film by quercetin self-assembled nanocrystals for fresh meat preservation.

The development of sustainable and functional food packaging is essential for mitigating food waste. In this study, quercetin nanocrystals (QNs) are synthesized and utilized to improve functionality of chitosan/ polyvinyl alcohol (PC) films. Molecular dynamics simulations and experimental characterizations reveal that the self-assembly of QNs is primarily driven by supramolecular interactions.

Functional, Nutraceutical and Health Endorsing Perspectives of Saffron.

L., widely recognized as saffron, is a high-value spice renowned for its culinary and medicinal applications. Cultivated primarily in regions like Iran, Greece, and India, saffron is derived from the red stigmas of the Crocus flower.

Probiotics and functional foods in metabolic disease: emerging solutions for obesity and diabetes.

Global epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) call for innovative solutions apart from conventional treatments. New research shows that probiotics and functional foods are crucial for controlling metabolic health by reducing inflammation, preserving glucose levels, and adjusting the gut flora. This review investigates the complicated link between gut flora and metabolic illnesses and how functional diets and probiotics help.

Liposomal Encapsulation in Food Systems: A Review of Formulation, Processing, and Applications.

Liposomal encapsulation is a crucial technique in food applications, offering protection and targeted delivery of bioactive compounds. This review focuses on the impact of thermodynamic factors on liposomal structures, specifically bilayers with large unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar vesicles. This study focuses on the chemical composition of liposomes, emphasizing the role of hydrophobic tails and sterols during phase transitions at various temperatures.

Deciphering nitrogen-driven microbial succession in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor-coupled A/O ecological system for the remediation of industrial swine wastewater.

Rapid expansion of industrial pig farming has intensified existing challenges in the management of nutrient-rich wastewater, characterized by high organic loads (chemical oxygen demand (COD): 15,000-30,000 mg/L) and ammonium nitrogen (NH-N): 800-2,500 mg/L) concentrations. In this study, an integrated treatment system with a combination of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) membrane-based anaerobic membrane bioreactor and an anoxic/aerobic/oxidation pond (A/O) was developed for swine wastewater remediation. The system achieved exceptional remediation efficiency, removing 99.

Co-fermentation of and enhances the flavor characteristic of mature coconut water: Insights from volatile and non-volatile profiles.

The mature coconut water (MCW) is rich in nutrients, but its sour and astringent taste makes it unsuitable for direct consumption. In this study, a co-fermentation system employing and was developed to enhance the flavor of MCW, wherein an indigenous 1-7-1 was screened for optimal sensory characteristics when co-fermented with A33. Co-fermentation changed odor and taste characteristics of MCW with a broad range of organic compounds and the high richness taste attribute.

Predicting disinfection by-products (DBPs) in supply water within a real water distribution network using an artificial neural network.

This study develops an artificial neural network (ANN) model using advanced learning algorithm techniques to predict disinfection by-products (DBPs) in supply water. The model is based on real-scale data from the Chattogram water distribution network (WDN), a coastal city in Bangladesh. The research revealed a significant presence of free halide components in both the source and distributed water, indicating the potential formation of bromo- and iodo-DBPs.

Production of zein-based electrospun nanofibers for preservation of Iranian traditional butter.

Microbial spoiling and oxidative rancidity pose serious problems for the shelf life of Iranian traditional butter. In order to preserve butter, this study created zein-based electrospun nanofibers (NFs) that contain thyme essential oil (TEO), grape leaf extract (GLE: 5-30 %), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The ideal formulation (Zein/ZnONPs/GLE30 %/TEO) demonstrated good antibacterial activity (11 mm and 16 mm inhibition zones against S.