A machine learning assisted approach to classify rose species and varieties with laser induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Background: Classification of rose species and verities is a challenging task. Rose is used worldwide for various applications, including but not restricted to skincare, medicine, cosmetics, and fragrance. This study explores the potential of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for species and variety classification of rose flowers, leveraging its advantages such as minimal sample preparation, real-time analysis, and remote sensing.

A comparative analysis of gender and racial disparities in acute necrotizing pancreatitis outcomes: Insights from the national inpatient sample database.

Background/objectives: Acute Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of pancreatitis, carries high morbidity and mortality, with outcomes influenced by patient demographics. While prior research highlights disparities in gastrointestinal diseases, the impact of race and gender on NP outcomes remains underexplored. This study evaluates the influence of these demographic factors on in-hospital mortality, complications, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs.

Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion Versus Static Cold Storage in Transplantation of Extended Criteria Liver Grafts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The use of extended criteria donor livers (ECD) is becoming more routine in many transplant centers. These organs have higher risks for complications; however, hypothermic-oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) was found to improve outcomes, including graft survival. We aim to assess the effect of HOPE on different types of ECD liver grafts.

Unlocking exceptional EMI shielding in TiCT MXenes through controlled microstructure and surface chemistry.

The rapid advancement of highly integrated electronics demands next-generation electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials that combine lightweight, ultrathin, flexible, and mechanically robust properties with exceptional shielding effectiveness (SE) to mitigate signal crosstalk and ensure device reliability. In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication of high-performance EMI shields using highly conductive, additive-free aqueous TiCT (T = O, OH, Cl, F) MXene dispersions synthesized under both harsh and mild etching conditions. These dispersions were engineered into freestanding thin films and functionalized cotton fabrics vacuum-assisted filtration, enabling tunable EMI shielding properties through precise control of etchant chemistry, flake size, microstructure, thickness, and MXene loading.

Evaluating the combination of esketamine and propofol in procedural analgesia/sedation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) ensure patient comfort during invasive procedures. While propofol is widely used, its risks include hypotension and bradycardia. Combining it with esketamine may improve sedation and reduce side effects.

A rare case report of mucormycosis presenting as cranial nerve palsies in a patient with diabetes and iatrogenic cushing syndrome.

Rationale: Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection caused by mucormycetes, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals such as diabetic patients. Cranial nerve involvement, including facial and abducens nerve palsies, is an uncommon but serious complication.

Patient Concerns: We present the case of a 47-year-old female with uncontrolled diabetes and iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome who developed mucormycosis complicated by right-sided facial weakness (upper motor neuron type) and abducens nerve palsy (lower motor neuron type).

Impact of Foliar Spray of Salicylic Acid on Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) under Drought Stress.

Drought stress reduces growth, yield, and photosynthetic efficiency in pea plants, limiting nutrient uptake and requiring mitigation strategies. Salicylic acid plays a key role in plant development, and pea (Pisum sativum L.) ranks fourth in global production.

Mortality Trends from Acute MI with Underlying CKD in the US from 1999 to 2020: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the CDC WONDER Database.

Purpose: Chronic kidney disease increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction and worsens outcomes. Despite advances in care, mortality rate disparities regarding gender, race and socioeconomic status persist. This study examines trends in acute myocardial infarction-related mortality among chronic kidney disease patients in the United States from 1999 to 2020.

Cholinotrophic basal forebrain connectome dysfunction in Down syndrome with and without dementia.

Cholinotrophic basal forebrain (CTBF) neurons depend upon the complex interaction of both upstream and downstream nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling pathways for survival and function. Although dysfunction of the NGF system occurs in both Down syndrome (DS), not all individuals with DS develop dementia. Whether NGF system dysregulation differs between demented individuals with DS (DSD+) versus those without dementia (DSD-) is unknown.

Combined effect of thermosonication and natural preservatives on the quality of sugarcane juice.

Sugarcane juice (SCJ) is highly perishable, requiring effective preservation to maintain quality. Traditional methods ensure microbial safety but compromise juice quality, prompting exploration of alternatives. This study evaluated the synergistic effects of thermosonication (TS) and natural preservatives (NP) on SCJ quality, including physicochemical, viscosity, phytochemical, microbial, and sensory attributes.

Cadmium and zinc inflows through wastewater irrigation govern soil metal balances in wheat-sorghum cropping system.

Wastewater irrigation can introduce toxic metals into the agricultural soils that may accumulate in edible plant parts. This research aimed to assess the inflows and outflows of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) in soils under a wheat-sorghum cropping system at both a control and an exposed site over two cropping seasons (2019-2020 and 2020-2021). The exposed site was irrigated with canal water contaminated with industrial and municipal wastewaters, whereas the control site was irrigated with underground water.

U1-70K and U1A and tau pathogenesis in demented and non-demented individuals with Down syndrome.

Introduction: Splicing protein mislocalization is associated with tau pathogenesis, but its role in Down syndrome (DS) is under-investigated.

Methods: Spliceosome associations with tau and plaque pathology were examined in frontal cortex from DS with dementia (DSD+) and without dementia (DSD-) using quantitative immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry.

Results: U1-70K and U1A levels were downregulated, and hnRNPA2B1, 3Rtau, and 4Rtau were upregulated, whereas SRSF2 and CLK1 were unchanged in DSD+.

Brain tumor segmentation by optimizing deep learning U-Net model.

BackgroundMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone in diagnosing brain tumors. However, the complex nature of these tumors makes accurate segmentation in MRI images a demanding task.ObjectiveAccurate brain tumor segmentation remains a critical challenge in medical image analysis, with early detection crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Unveiling genetic diversity and population structure in lentil (Lens culinaris) germplasm through scot markers.

Background: Lentil (Lens culinaris) is extensively cultivated for its edible seeds and plays an important role in food security and sustainable agriculture. Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of lentil germplasm is crucial for breeding programs and for effective conservation of genetic resources.

Methods And Results: In this study, the genetic variation and population structure of 96 lentil accessions were assessed using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers.

A New Era of Decision-making in Liver Transplantation: A Prospective Validation and Cost-effectiveness Analysis of FMN-guided Liver Viability Assessment During Normothermic Machine Perfusion.

Objectives: Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), a marker of mitochondrial complex 1 injury, has not yet been validated for its predictive value of outcomes and economic impact.

Background: Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is the only ex situ perfusion technique currently approved for liver transplantation in the United States. Optimal graft viability assessment on this approach remains controversial.

Rapid detection of G6PD deficiency SNPs using a novel amplicon-based MinION Sequencing Assay.

malaria remains a significant global health challenge, complicated by the parasite's ability to form dormant liver stages (hypnozoites) that cause relapses. Radical cure of malaria requires administration of a hypnozoitocidal drug, such as primaquine or tafenoquine. However, these drugs can cause severe haemolysis in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.

Effect of dexamethasone and lidocaine combination on incidence of post-operative sore throat: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complication after endotracheal intubation, occurring in 30-50 % of patients. While lidocaine (local anesthetic) and dexamethasone (anti-inflammatory) are used individually to prevent POST, their combined efficacy remains unclear. This meta-analysis synthesizes evidence from randomized controlled trials to determine whether Intravenous dexamethasone-lidocaine combination is more effective than dexamethasone alone in reducing POST incidence.

Influence of farmyard manure compost and biochar in the amelioration of soil fertility and crop productivity under drought stress conditions.

Drought stress is a leading environmental concern which restricts plant growth and nutrients availability. A greenhouse pot experiment was designed to examine the impact of farmyard manure-based biochar (FMB) and compost (FMC) on soybean osmoprotectants, antioxidants, nutrient uptake, and soil biochemical characteristics under three different moisture levels of w100, 75, and w50. Results of the study revealed that drought stress significantly reduced plant's physiochemical and gaseous exchange attributes whilst combine treatment of FMB30 + FMC30 substantially improved soybean root growth, leaf area index, total chlorophyll content, and stomatal conductance by 37.

"Collagenase injections versus limited fasciectomy in treating patients with Dupuytren's contracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis".

Background: Dupuytren's contracture is a progressive disorder characterized by palmar fascia thickening, leading to nodules and cords formation. Limited fasciectomy (LF) is the standard surgical treatment, while Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum (CCH) injection offers a minimally invasive alternative. Despite multiple studies, the comparative efficacy and safety of these approaches remain debated.

A study of traveling wave solutions and modulation instability in the (3+1)-dimensional Sakovich equation employing advanced analytical techniques.

In this paper, we investigate the newly formulated (3+1)-dimensional Sakovich equation, highlighting its utility in describing the dynamics of nonlinear waves. This novel equation effectively incorporates increased dispersion and nonlinear effects, thereby enhancing its applicability across various physical scenarios. This model especially useful when modeling nonlinear phenomena in materials that simpler linear models would not accurately describe.

Genome-wide association study of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) unveils novel loci governing root-to-seed zinc allocation.

Micronutrient malnutrition is a global health concern, highlighting the importance of essential micronutrients like zinc in human diet, and enhancing zinc concentration in staple crops like common beans is a promising strategy. In this study, we performed genome-wide association studies to identify genetic loci associated with Zn accumulation in a diverse panel of 177 Turkish common bean landraces and six commercial varieties. Field trials were conducted across two locations over two years to assess Zn concentration variation.

Long term urban wastewater irrigation drives zinc bioaccumulation and health risks in contaminated vegetables.

Zinc (Zn) is a vital plant nutrient, and its judicious use is required for plant growth, development, and productivity. This study assessed the uptake of zinc in kitchen vegetables after being treated with wastewater (WW), canal water (CW), or tube well water (TW). Samples of water, soil and edible portions of selected vegetables (Spinacia oleracea, Brassica campestris, Coriandrum sativum, and Mentha spicata) were collected randomly from three ecological sites (Sargodha, Sahiwal, and Shahpur) in Punjab, Pakistan.

Hosoya entropy analysis of some fullerene structures.

This study examines the structural complexity of fullerene graphs using Hosoya entropy as a measure. The entropy values were calculated for various fullerene structures, including and fullerenes ranging from C20 to C100.The relationship between the size of the fullerenes and the entropy is intuitively clear: the larger the fullerenes, the higher the value of entropy because of increased structural complexity and diversity of equivalence classes.