Post-heat treatment and pectin addition affect protein digestion and absorption release kinetics in pigs through microstructural and rheological modifications.

The effect of yogurt processing on protein digestion and absorption remains unclear. This study utilized a double cannula model of duodenum and ileum in Bama minipigs to investigate how post-heat treatment and pectin addition alter yogurt structure and influence protein digestion and amino acid appearance kinetics. Three yogurt types-untreated (NTY), pasteurized (PY), and pasteurized with pectin (PYP)-were tested.

Enhancing calcium binding capacity and in vitro digestibility of xylooligosaccharides-casein phosphopeptides copolymers through cold plasma treatment.

This study developed an innovative cold plasma (CP) grafting strategy to covalently conjugate xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) with casein phosphopeptides (CPP), resulting in significantly enhanced calcium-binding functionality compared to conventional moist-heat approaches (P < 0.05). The CP-mediated reaction achieved comparable grafting efficiency within 44 min, which represents an 82 % reduction in processing time relative to traditional methods requiring 240 min.

GDM-DTM: A Group Decision-Making-Enabled Dynamic Trust Management Method for Malicious Node Detection in Low-Altitude UAV Networks.

As a core enabler of the emerging low-altitude economy, UAV networks face significant security risks during operation, including malicious node infiltration and data tampering. Existing trust management schemes suffer from deficiencies such as strong reliance on infrastructure, insufficient capability for multi-dimensional trust evaluation, and vulnerability to collusion attacks. To address these issues, this paper proposes a group decision-making (GDM)-enabled dynamic trust management method, termed GDM-DTM, for low-altitude UAV networks.

Novel Potential Probiotics from Chinese Baijiu Fermentation Grains: Dual Action of LTJ1/LTJ48 in Uric Acid Reduction and Gut Microbiota Restoration for Hyperuricemia Therapy in Mice.

Objectives: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder linked to serious complications, yet current treatments face safety limitations. This study aimed to identify novel probiotic strains from Chinese Baijiu fermentation grains with dual-action mechanisms for HUA management-direct uric acid (UA) reduction and gut microbiota restoration.

Methods: Two Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains (LTJ1/LTJ48) were screened for purine/nucleoside degradation using HPLC.

Nondestructive Testing in Food Quality and Safety: Development and Applications.

Food quality and safety have consistently been a central global concern, directly related to public health and well-being, as well as to the sound development of the food industry [...

LRa05 Alleviates Constipation via Triaxial Modulation of Gut Motility, Microbiota Dynamics, and SCFA Metabolism.

Constipation, a widespread gastrointestinal disorder, imposes significant burdens on healthcare systems the and global health-related quality of life, yet current options remain suboptimal due to limited mechanistic understanding and efficacy limitations. Given the pivotal significance of the interactions between the gut microbiota and the host on governing bowel movement, we employed a multi-modal approach integrating animal experiments, ELISA, histopathology, qRT-PCR, GC-MS, and 16S rRNA metagenomics to evaluate the functional potential of LRa05 against loperamide-induced constipation in mice. LRa05 treatment markedly alleviated constipation symptoms, as evidenced by reduced first black stool expulsion time, increased fecal moisture, and enhanced intestinal motility.

Synergistic Probiotic-Postbiotic Therapy Ameliorates Hyperuricemia via Multi-Target Regulation of Purine Metabolism and Gut Microbiota.

Hyperuricemia (HUA), a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels, often leads to renal and hepatic complications. This study evaluated the synergistic effects of GQ01, a probiotic strain isolated from naturally fermented wolfberry, in combination with a complex (T) composed of buckwheat-fermented postbiotics, collagen peptide and multiple medicinal food blends in a murine HUA model. The combination therapy (T + GQ01) not only significantly reduced serum UA levels more effectively than T or GQ01 alone but also demonstrated superior inhibition of XOD activity and enhanced ADA activity, both of which are key regulators of purine metabolism.

Effects of Different Highland Barley Varieties on Quality and Digestibility of Noodles.

This study comprehensively assessed the effects of ten highland barley varieties on the quality and digestibility of noodles. The characteristics of highland barley flour, including proximate composition, pasting properties, and dough mixing behavior, were analyzed. The quality of the resulting noodles was evaluated through cooking and textural property analysis.

Microbiomics and machine learning-assisted approaches reveal amino acid patterns in high-temperature Daqu.

Amino acids are crucial nitrogen sources in high-temperature Daqu (HTD), and they can significantly influence the quality of HTD. This study investigated amino acid patterns by analyzing fermentation parameters and microbial communities. Correlation analysis and machine learning methods were utilized to identify 6 key amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) from Saccharopolyspora, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Virgibacillus.

Engineering Laccase from for Improved Thermostability and Its Combination with Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase for Lignin Depolymerization.

Laccase from is widely used to improve lignin depolymerization. However, wild-type laccase usually lacks heat resistance, and its catalytic process is usually accompanied by the repolymerization of lignin, limiting its application. Herein, we performed site-saturation mutation on laccase, generating mutants A347H and N368L with activities increased by 2.

Engineered Coenzyme A Biosynthesis and Butyrate Transporter Drives High-Efficient Butyrate Synthesis in Escherichia coli.

Butyric acid is a four-carbon fatty acid with a range of applications in chemical, food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a heterologous butyrate biosynthetic pathway was engineered in Escherichia coli, which was afflicted by low titer and low yield. To address these issues, two key strategies for metabolic engineering of E.

miR-10a-5p inhibits cardiac fibrosis by targeting the MRTF-A/TGF-β2 feedback loop.

Cardiac fibrosis is a significant contributor to cardiac dysfunction and heart disease. The present study investigated the role of miR-10a-5p in mitigating cardiac fibrosis, potentially through its regulation of Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A). RNA sequencing of heart samples obtained from patients with rheumatoid heart disease (RHD) revealed a marked reduction in miR-10a-5p expression in RHD patients exhibiting cardiac fibrosis, which was accompanied by an elevation in MRTF-A expression.

A study of in-shoe plantar pressure distribution while firefighters carrying self-contained breathing apparatus in walking and running.

Walking and running with self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) are the most common activities among firefighters, but the effect of SCBA carriage on the plantar pressure distribution remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to analyze plantar pressure distribution while carrying SCBA during walking and running. Thirty volunteer firefighters participated in the walking and running tasks with no SCBA equipped and SCBA carrying conditions.

Development of an efficient heterologous protein expression platform in Aspergillus niger through genetic modification of a glucoamylase hyperproducing industrial strain.

Background: Aspergillus niger is widely used in industrial enzyme production due to its strong secretion capacity and the status of generally recognized as safe (GRAS). However, heterologous protein expression in A. niger is frequently constrained by high levels of background endogenous protein secretion, limited access to native high transcription loci, and limitations in the efficiency of the secretory machinery.

Dual-enzyme cascade colorimetric biosensor for safe, rapid on-site detection and detoxification of ochratoxins.

Ochratoxins, toxic mycotoxins present in food and feed, pose a threat to human health due to their various toxic effects. Developing a safe, convenient, and rapid on-site detection tool for monitoring ochratoxins is essential for food and environmental safety, especially in developing countries. Although numerous effective ochratoxin sensing and detection systems are available, most do not combine detoxification with detection capabilities.

Enhanced Pickering interfacial biocatalysis in phosphatidylserine synthesis via phospholipase D immobilization with optimized bifunctional strategy.

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a high-value phospholipid in functional foods and pharmaceuticals. However, the lack of a suitable biocatalytic system has limited the conversion efficiency. A novel Pickering interfacial biocatalysis (PIB) system has developed for converting phosphatidylcholine (PC) to PS in this work.

Occurrence, removal and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in rural domestic wastewater treatment systems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

The pervasive usage of antibiotics has raised increasing concerns regarding their discharge into the environment through domestic wastewater. Relevant studies on antibiotics in rural domestic wastewater has mainly focused on their occurrence characteristics and environmental risks, leaving aside the effectiveness of different wastewater treatment processes and their correlation with conventional pollutant removal. Meanwhile, the antibiotic features across the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region remain unclear.

Thermal history indicator hydrogel based on starch with multiple signal channels for visualized monitoring thermal accumulation of perishable products.

Unlabelled: Perishable products are easily deteriorated due to thermal accumulation during storage and transport. A low-cost, environmental-friendly and visualized indicating device is of great importance for real-time monitoring the quality state of such products, but remains a significant challenge. Herein, a novel thermal history indicator (THI) based on readily available starch was developed.

A Programmable Bidirectional Dynamic Switch Overcomes Reversible Isomerization Reaction for Efficient d-Allulose Biosynthesis.

d-Allulose, biosynthesized through D-fructose isomerization, was limited by thermodynamic equilibrium, resulting in low yields. Herein, we redesigned a redox-driven cascade pathway for d-allulose biosynthesis in single-cell systems, utilizing post-translational protein-level reprogramming tools (protease-based programmable OFF/ON-switch toolbox) to resolve enzyme incompatibility. This OFF/ON-switch was systematically optimized by adjusting the expression levels of -Lon, degron, and repressors, enabling the simultaneous switching of protein abundance to desired states within 2 h based on a thermosensitive regulator.

Systematic design and evaluation of artificial CO assimilation pathways.

With the advancement of industry and bio-agriculture, the effective management of CO has emerged as a critical challenge for humanity. This study systematically explores multiple CO assimilation pathways using the comb-FBA algorithm, aiming to identify efficient artificial carbon fixation pathways. By extracting 49 CO and HCO involved reactions and combining them with 6,529 reactions from MetaCyc, we constructed the computational set for analysis.

Modulation of Myofibrillar Protein Emulsion Gels by Controlled Oxidized Chicken Fat: Conformational Structure, Gelation Performance and in vitro Digestion.

The gel properties of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) emulsions were significantly affected by the oxidation state. In our study, the effect of chicken fat (CF) at different oxidation levels (0-1.2 h) on the conformational structure, intermolecular interaction and gelling performance of MP was investigated.

Enhanced Bioavailability of Ferric Pyrophosphate Delivery System Constructed with β-Glucan and Casein Phosphopeptide.

Iron supplementation has been an important and complicated health topic. Available iron preparations generally have issues such as instability, inadequate absorption, and low consumer acceptability. This study provided a novel ferric pyrophosphate (FePP) delivery system, the FePP-casein-phosphopeptide-dextran (FCD) complex, with sodium pyrophosphate (NaPP) as a solvent promoter and casein-phosphopeptide (CPP) and β-glucan as wall materials.

Multi-omics insights into flavor compounds production and constipation-relieving benefits of different Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-fermented cereal beverages.

Even within the same species, different strains of microorganisms often display notable variations in their physiological and biochemical properties. In this research, a differential analysis of flavor compounds in cereal beverages fermented by two distinct Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains, L. plantarum TCCC11824 (CGMCC NO.

Combination of Metabolic Engineering and High-throughput Screening to Realize High-Producing Lacto--triose II in .

Lacto--triose II (LNT II) exhibits diverse biological activities. It serves as the core structural unit of complex human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and is an essential precursor for synthesizing other HMO derivatives. In this study, an () strain with a high capacity for LNT II production was engineered.