Splenic histiocytic sarcoma: Disease progression from the perspective of pathophysiology.

Splenic histiocytic sarcoma (SHS) is a rare, aggressive hematological malignancy with unclear progression and management. Our case illustrates the progression and pathophysiological processes of SHS and provides key data for the diagnosis, treatment and management of SHS. A 60-year-old female with incidentally detected splenic mass (6.

Intrinsic polarization mechanism of CCTO based on optimized Skanavi model with displacement fields modification.

To elucidate the microscopic origin of the giant dielectric properties in perovskite calcium copper titanate (CCTO), this study proposes a novel optimization of the Skanavi model by incorporating ionic polarization displacement fields. The optical dielectric constant is calculated using the Shannon ionic radius, which accounts for coordination number and electron spin state effects, while the static dielectric response is analyzed through the introduced displacement field. By evaluating the effective electric field ratios of Ca, Cu, Ti, and O ions under varying supercell sizes (1 × 1 × 1 to 19 × 19 × 19), we observe that Ca and Ti exhibit robust lattice stability, whereas Cu polarization direction reverses and O polarization amplitude diminishes significantly.

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Characteristics in the Prevalence of Depressive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders Among Adolescents in Asia Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, this research systematically examines the spatiotemporal trends of depressive disorder and anxiety disorders among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years across 48 Asian countries/regions from 2016 to 2021. Pre-pandemic (2016-2019), South Asia, Southeast Asia, and West Asia exhibited significant mental disorder prevalence (eg, Iraq's anxiety disorder rate reached 7.79% in 2019).

Unconventional High-Entropy Oxide with Inner Metallic Coordination and Surface Medium-Entropy Metal-OH for Durable PEM Water Electrolysis at 2 A cm.

The multicomponent synergistic effect has become increasingly important for electrocatalysis; however, there remain large unexplored compositional and structural spaces. Here, an unconventional high-entropy oxide (HEO) with inner metallic coordination interactions and surface medium-entropy metal-OH for durable proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) is presented. The metallic clusters inside the HEO particles generate the inner metallic coordination interactions that reserve electrons, with a multicomponent effect, to inhibit Ru/Ir overoxidation and switch reaction mechanisms toward an exclusive adsorbate evolution mechanism for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER).

Interfacial Trapping of Reactive Water and Concurrent Stabilization of Lattice Oxygen for Efficient Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

RuO surpasses IrO in both activity and cost efficiency for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), yet its rapid degradation in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) under industrial current densities severely limits practical application. To resolve this activity-stability dilemma, we designed a dual-functional Al-RuO catalyst that simultaneously suppresses lattice oxygen oxidation and traps interfacial reactive water. Through strong Al-O bonding, Al dopants lock lattice oxygen and shift the OER pathway from the mixed adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) and lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) on RuO to an exclusive AEM on Al-RuO.

International perspectives on exercise oncology: current state, challenges, and opportunities for future development.

Exercise oncology has emerged as a distinctive area of research and clinical practice. To obtain a global overview of this field, we summarize viewpoints from experts across 6 continents on (1) the scope of exercise oncology research and programs, (2) the availability of reimbursement for cancer exercise services, and (3) pathways and initiatives for developing the exercise oncology workforce. From an international perspective, the field of exercise oncology has progressed substantially; however, gains made to date are uneven, with general underdevelopment in Africa, Asia, and South and Central America.

Cavitation-enhanced disrupts the agglomeration of carbon nanotubes to construct dry electrodes with high-rate and high-loading.

Driven by the urgent demand for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries, conventional wet slurry-coating processes suffer from critical limitations. Although dry electrode manufacturing emerges as a promising alternative for energy density enhancement, challenges persist in achieving uniform active material dispersion and long-term cycle life. In this study, a dry electrode material composite strategy based on the ultrasonic microbubble cavitation-enhanced (UMC) effect was proposed.

Integrated high-Q lithium niobate resonator with broadband absorber for uncooled longwave infrared sensing application.

Optical resonators with high Q-factor are of interest in infrared thermal sensors for their high-temperature sensitivity. Thin-film lithium niobate (LN), with low propagation loss in near-infrared, is a competitive material for a comparative advantage in thermal-optic coefficient and wider absorption range from longwave infrared (LWIR) to terahertz frequencies if compared with SiN and SiO. Here, we present an LWIR sensor on the LN-photonic platform, where a high-Q microring resonator is monolithically integrated with a broadband LWIR radiation absorber, compatible with the multilayer-stacked LN photonic circuits.

Broadband low-crosstalk compact waveguides enabled by anisotropic metamaterial substrate.

Reducing crosstalk between waveguides is an essential and viable strategy for enhancing integration density in photonic chips. Traditional approaches to crosstalk suppression primarily focus on engineering cladding layers. Here, we demonstrate that engineering substrate also plays a very critical role in mitigating waveguide crosstalk.

Dynamically tunable multiple-polarization-sensitive black phosphorus metasurface detector operating in the mid-infrared region.

Polarization-sensitive photodetection plays a critical role in various applications. In this work, we propose a dynamically tunable black phosphorus (BP) photodetector integrated with a GeSbTe (GST225) plasmonic metasurface for mid-infrared polarized light detection. The detector features a chiral gold array within the metasurface, enabling both linear and circular polarization responses.

Philippine archipelago and South China Sea monsoon plus ocean cooling buffer Northwestern Pacific super typhoons.

In dramatic contrast to the continuous intensification of strong Atlantic hurricanes moving into the Gulf of Mexico, super typhoons (SuperTYs) originating from the Northwest Pacific significantly weaken after entering the South China Sea (SCS). Using an idealized cyclone intensity model, we show that this striking discrepancy results from the SCS's buffering effects, including persistent topographic blocking by the Philippine archipelago and seasonally shifting atmospheric-oceanic constraints. The archipelago accounts for ~54% of typhoon weakening throughout the season, while environmental factors explain the remaining ~46% with the significant seasonal dependence on strong SCS monsoon-induced vertical wind shear in summer (~30%) and ocean cooling in autumn (~37%).

Exploring the Coordination of Frequency and Attention in Masked Image Modeling.

Recently, masked image modeling (MIM), which learns visual representations by reconstructing the masked patches of an image, has dominated self-supervised learning in computer vision. However, the pre-training of MIM always takes massive time due to the large-scale data and large-size backbones. We mainly attribute it to the random patch masking in previous MIM works, which fails to leverage the crucial semantic information for effective visual representation learning.

Correlation analysis between patent ductus arteriosus and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.

Background: To evaluate the correlation between patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on preterm infants with a gestational age(GA) of less than 32 weeks from 2019 to 2021. PDA premature infants with BPD ( N = 70 ) or not ( N = 224) were enrolled for multivariate logistic regression exploring independent risk factors for BPD in PDA preterm infants.

Nonmetal-Metal Strategy to Reduce Ru-O Covalency while Promoting Local Reactive Water Concentration for Efficient Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

Affordable, active, and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts are crucial for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). The low-cost RuO, relative to IrO, is attractive for acidic OER while suffering from durability. To resolve this activity-stability dilemma of RuO, we propose a universal nonmetal-metal strategy to reduce Ru-O covalency while promoting local reactive water concentration for efficient acidic OER.

Efficacy and prognosis analysis of pulley traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection with dental floss for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of pulley traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with dental floss in patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, and its impact on patient prognosis.

Methods: Clinical data of 77 patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into groups according to different treatment regimens; 38 patients in the control group underwent ESD, whereas 39 patients in the study group underwent pulley traction-assisted ESD with dental floss.

Aqueous Iron-Ions Batteries: Status, Solutions, and Prospects.

Aqueous iron-ion batteries (AFIBs) have gained significant attention due to their low cost and inherent safety. However, challenges such as competitive hydrogen evolution at the anode, poor cathode structural stability, and electrolyte oxidation hinder further development. Given the rapid advancements in this emerging field, a timely summary of current progress and trends is essential.

Narrow-Margin Treatment with Modified Mohs Microsurgery for Extramammary Paget's Disease: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis.

Background: To investigate the clinical efficacy of narrow-margin modified Mohs microsurgery (mMMS) in the treatment of extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD).

Methods: A retrospective cohort review was conducted on 52 patients with EMPD who were treated at the Skin Disease Hospital of Tongji University in Shanghai between 2017 and 2023. The primary objectives of this study were to assess the long-term local recurrence rates of tumors treated with narrow-margin mMMS and to explore the final margin width as well as the factors that may influence postoperative recurrence.

Impact of Patient Engagement on Blood Pressure Control Among Older Individuals With Hypertension in a Mobile Health Intervention: Longitudinal Analysis Using Latent Growth Curve Modeling.

Background: Limited research has investigated the influence of patient engagement on the long-term effects of mobile health (mHealth) interventions, particularly among older adults.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the long-term impact of a social media-driven mHealth intervention on blood pressure control among older Chinese individuals with hypertension, through repeated measurements of patient engagement and outcomes at 5 preset time points.

Methods: The study included older Chinese individuals with hypertension between 2017 and 2022.

Differentiated Embedded Pilot Assisted Automatic Modulation Classification for OTFS System: A Multi-Domain Fusion Approach.

Orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation has emerged as a promising technology to alleviate the effects of the Doppler shifts in high-mobility environments. As a prerequisite to demodulation and signal processing, automatic modulation classification (AMC) is essential for OTFS systems. However, a very limited number of works have focused on this issue.

Effects of modified Yokoyama surgery combined with medial rectus muscle recession on esotropia in highly myopia athletes.

Background: Fixed esotropia in high myopia, characterized by irreversible inward ocular deviation and abduction limitation, presents unique therapeutic challenges for athletes requiring precise binocular coordination. The combination of Yokoyama surgery and medial rectus muscle recession has been proposed as an advanced technique addresses both myopia-induced globe displacement and muscular imbalance offering potential advantages over conventional strabismus surgery in this population.

Aim: To investigate the effects of the modified Yokoyama surgery coupled with medial rectus muscle recession in restoring ocular motility and correcting esotropia among athletes with high myopia and fixed esotropia.

Cooperative climate action under background risk.

Addressing climate change requires collective action, yet individuals face a collective-risk social dilemma: we must invest in mitigation efforts at a personal cost, with no guarantee that others will contribute, while the benefits are shared globally. Economic theory predicts that the presence of background risk, such as geopolitical instability, pandemics, and economic crises, makes individuals more cautious, potentially reducing their contributions to collective climate protection. As these uncertainties grow, concerns arise that exogenous risks may weaken climate cooperation at a time when it is most urgent.

Selective leaching behavior and kinetics of wasteful Titanium-bearing blast furnace slag via low concentration hydrochloric acid.

Titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (TBFS) is rich in metallic resources but poses considerable environmental risks during long-term storage. Conventional selective extraction methods are limited by high acid consumption, prolonged processing time, and excessive energy requirements. This study developed a thermodynamically controlled selective leaching approach using low-concentration hydrochloric acid (HCl) to enhance elemental recovery and reduce environmental impact.

Multiscale Insights into the Counterion-Mediated Self-Assembly of CTA+ Micelles: Bridging Molecular Interactions and Mesoscopic Morphology.

As a cationic surfactant, the diverse self-assembly behaviors of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTA) are influenced by the structure and type of counterions. However, related issues have not been systematically studied. Therefore, this paper employs multiscale simulations using density functional theory and coarse-grained molecular dynamics to simulate the interaction and dynamic behavior between CTA and different aromatic counterions.

Prognostic value of the serum creatinine/albumin ratio for 28-day mortality in heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality. The serum creatinine/albumin ratio (CAR), a marker of renal dysfunction and malnutrition, has shown prognostic value in other critical illnesses but remains underexplored in HF patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1,893 HF patients hospitalized at the Fourth People's Hospital of Zigong, China, between December 2016 and June 2019.

Asymmetric Coordinated Single-Atom Catalysts Offering Zero-Order Sulfur Redox Kinetics for High Performance Li-S Batteries.

Accelerating the sluggish sulfur redox kinetics through electrocatalysis has been regarded as one of the key factors to achieve Li-S batteries of cell-level energy densities exceeding 600 Wh kg. Though single-atom catalysts (SACs), typically with symmetric M-N coordination structures have demonstrated attractive electrocatalytic performance in Li-S batteries, herein we discovered that an asymmetric-coordinated metal center distinctly shifts sulfur redox reaction (SRR) kinetics-from first-order (concentration-dependent) behavior in the symmetric-coordinated SACs-to zero-order (surface-saturated) kinetics, highlighting fundamentally altered reaction pathways, leading to a concurrent polysulfide conversion. Experimental and theoretical studies on the Ni atom-based SACs showed that symmetry breaking raises the Ni d-band center, enabling a monodentate-to-bidentate LiS adsorption transition, which strengthens polysulfide adsorption and shifts the rate-limiting step from sluggish solid-solid transformation (LiS → LiS) to a more favorable liquid-solid conversion (LiS → LiS), effectively lowering the overall energy barrier of the SRR process.