Plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid protects against ferroptosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Increasing evidence indicates that ferroptosis contributes to the occurrence and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to investigate the improvement effect of plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid (PS-ALA) on ferroptosis in hepatocytes and further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, focusing on the regulation of Nrf2 signaling. We found that PS-ALA ameliorated liver iron overload and reduced ROS generation and lipid peroxides (MDA and 4-HNE) production both in mice fed a high-fat diet and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid/erastin.

Hollow Double-Layered Mesoporous Silica as an Enzyme Immobilization Platform: Enhancing Biocatalytic Efficiency in Docosahexaenoic Acid Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidylcholine.

This study reports the synthesis of bifunctional hollow double-layered mesoporous silica (HdlMS) nanoparticles as an effective support for enzyme catalysis. Using a self-template method combined with sol-gel processing, selective etching, and surface modification with alkyl groups and nitrogenous fatty amine groups, we successfully prepared the NH/C-HdlMS carrier. Phospholipase A1 was then immobilized onto this carrier to construct PLA1@NH/C-HdlMS, which was subsequently applied to the synthesis of docosahexaenoic-acid-enriched phosphatidylcholine.

Inactivation of β-1,3-glucan synthase-like 5 confers broad-spectrum resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes in cruciferous plants.

Clubroot disease, caused by the obligate intracellular rhizarian protist Plasmodiophora brassicae, is devastating to cruciferous crops worldwide. Widespread field P. brassicae pathotypes frequently overcome the pathotype-specific resistance of modern varieties, posing a challenge for durable control of this disease.

CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Optimization of Soybean Shoot Architecture for Enhanced Yield.

Plant architecture is a crucial agronomic trait significantly impacting soybean () yield. Traditional breeding has made some progress in optimizing soybean architecture, but it is limited in precision and efficiency. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) system, a revolutionary gene-editing technology, provides unprecedented opportunities for plant genetic improvement.

Regulatory Mechanism of the GmMYB14 Transcription Factor on Auxin-Related Proteins in Soybean.

In a previous study, overexpressing () transgenic soybean plants displayed a semi-dwarfism and compact phenotype, which was regulated by the brassinosteroid (BR) pathway. However, the phenotype of plants could be partly rescued after spraying them with exogenous BR. This indicates that other hormones, in addition to BR, also play a role in regulating the architecture of plants.

Advancements in portable technology for edible vegetable oil authenticity: from species to geographical origin identification.

Edible vegetable oils are rich in nutrients and essential ingredients for daily cooking. However, fraud, expired products, deceptive labeling, and false origin claims in the vegetable oil industry pose significant risks to consumers' health, safety, and economic well-being. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop portable techniques to realize the authenticity of edible vegetable oils.

Exploring the role of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) root architecture in enhancing adaptation to climate change for sustainable agriculture and resilient crop production: A review.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivation is increasingly vulnerable to climate change, with drought and heat stress emerging as major constraints to productivity and food security. This review explores the critical role of root architecture in enhancing peanut adaptation to environmental stressors, and evaluates current strategies and future directions for improving root traits through genetic, physiological, and agronomic approaches.

Uncovering a stable QTL and candidate gene for rapeseed pod shatter resistance.

Unlabelled: Rapeseed pods are prone to dehiscence, resulting in yield loss at maturity. In the present study, we investigated the shatter resistance index (SRI) of 280 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from a cross between ZS11 (susceptible line) and R11 (resistant line). Based on the phenotypic data obtained from four environments and a high-density genetic map, a significant QTL () for shatter resistance on A06 chromosome were stably detected.

Role of flaxseed Lignan macromolecules on bioavailability of α-linolenic acid in emulsions: digestive enzymes inhibitory mechanism.

In this study, a plant polyphenol flaxseed lignan macromolecules (FLM) was used to solve the problem of oxidation and digestion of α-linolenic acid (ALA) enriched emulsions. Results revealed that the incorporation of FLMs into the emulsions effectively mitigated ALA oxidation during digestion, particularly after 150 °C heat treatment (FLM 150). Notably, FLM 150 delayed the release of free fatty acids (FFAs) from the emulsions, while it also led to a 10.

Identification and utilization of a novel large-effect QTL and linked markers for enhancing protein concentration in peanut.

A novel large-effect QTL qPCB03 for protein concentration was identified, and a KASP marker linked to qPCB03 was developed and validated to enhance protein concentration by 1.23 to 1.57 percentage points in the RIL populations.

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of oleosin genes in peanut ( L.).

Peanut is a worldwide important oil crop and serves as a major source of vegetable oil. Seed oil is stored as oil bodies (OB), which are subcellular structures in the cytoplasm. Oil bodies accumulate triacylglycerols (TAGs) inside and surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids (PL) with oil-body-membrane proteins.

The digestibility of rapeseed protein isolate prepared by salt and alkali extraction: The importance of protein composition.

In this study, four rapeseed protein extracts were prepared from intact/dehulled rapeseed using salt and alkaline extraction. Their nutritional quality was assessed and linked to protein composition through 4D label-free proteomics. Salt-extracted protein isolates had lower glucosinolate (0.

Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside with Antioxidant Capacity from Flaxseed: A Study on Microwave-Assisted Germination Optimization.

Germination and physical field treatments are processing techniques that have been successfully used to change the amount of active ingredients in flaxseed. However, it is unknown if they work synergistically. This study investigated the effect of microwave-assisted germination on the lignan concentration and antioxidant activity of several flaxseed tissue components.

Enhancing Oil Content in Oilseed Crops: Genetic Insights, Molecular Mechanisms, and Breeding Approaches.

Vegetable oils are essential for human nutrition and industrial applications. With growing global demand, increasing oil content in oilseed crops has become a top priority. This review synthesizes recent progress in understanding the genetic, environmental, and molecular mechanisms regulating oil content, and presents biotechnological strategies to enhance oil accumulation in major oilseed crops.

Plant oil biosynthesis and genetic improvement: progress, challenges, and opportunities.

Plant oil production is crucial for meeting the global demand for vegetable oils providing essential fatty acids and energy and for various industry uses. Plant oil biosynthesis is a complex biological process. Understanding the process is essential for improving oil crop productivity and nutritional quality.

Dissecting the genomic regions, candidate genes and pathways using multi-locus genome-wide association study for stem rot disease resistance in groundnut.

Stem rot, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., is a devastating soil-borne disease causing up to 80% yield losses in groundnut globally. To dissect the genetic basis of resistance, we evaluated a diverse minicore germplasm panel over 3 years in stem rot sick-field conditions.

In-situ stabilization of conjugated microporous polymer on sieve plates for multifunctional applications: Detection and removal of aflatoxins.

Aflatoxins (AFTs) are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to environmental and food pollution, posing a serious threat to human health and public safety. The advancement of materials capable of both detection and removal of aflatoxins presents considerable challenges within the realm of food safety. In this study, the conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) was firstly introduced as the adsorbent for AFTs.

BnaGSK3-BnaIDD16 module negatively regulates branch angle in Brassica napus.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a key role in regulating plant height and leaf angle in plants. However, the mechanism underlying the BR signaling pathway involved in branch angle regulation is poorly understood. Here, we isolated a rapeseed (Brassica napus L.

Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic basis of vitamin C content in rapeseed ( L.) seedlings.

Rapeseed ( L.) is a versatile crop, with its seedlings and flowering stalks can be utilized as vegetables, which are rich in vitamin C (Vc) and other essential nutrients, including selenium, calcium, zinc, and various amino acids. Despite the well-documented health benefits of Vc as a critical antioxidant nutrient, the genetic mechanisms governing Vc accumulation in rapeseed remain poorly understood.

Functionalizing walnut protein via consecutive purification and ultrasound modification: Self-assembled structure and interfacial properties.

The preparation of plant proteins generally involves three independent steps, which is time-consuming. Here, we integrated these three steps into one consecutive process (one-step preparation), which involved alkali extraction, membrane purification, and ultrasound modification. The obtained walnut protein was evaluated in terms of self-assembled structure, interfacial behaviors, and emulsifying properties.

Development and characterization of novel low-calorie oleogels based on medium and long-chain triacylglycerol.

Background: In the present study, medium and long-chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) was synthesized from camellia oil (CO) and medium chain triglyceride by enzymatic transesterification. Novel MLCT oleogel was constructed using MLCT as substrate oil, as well as β-sitosterol /γ-oryzanol (SO), monoglyceride and carnauba wax as oleogelators, and the regulation mechanism of MLCT on self-assembly behavior was investigated.

Results: The G', apparent viscosity, oil binding capacity and hardness of the three MLCT oleogels were reduced compared to CO oleogels.

Preparation of phytosterol esters based on food-grade Pickering emulsion stabilized by lipase-adsorbed zein-hydroxypropyl chitosan nanoparticles.

This study aims to construct a food-grade Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-hydroxypropyl chitosan composite nanoparticles (Z-HPCS NPs) adsorbed with lipase CRL (Z-HPCS NPs@CRL) to synthesize phytosterol esters. Uniform spherical Z-HPCS NPs with a strong positive charge (39.2 ± 0.

Cysteine-Mediated Root Growth Promotion in Strawberry () Induced by -Overexpressing .

Strawberry () is a globally important economic crop valued for its nutritional and commercial significance. However, its growth is frequently challenged by various biotic and abiotic stresses. To enhance strawberry root development and resilience, we engineered a NJAU4742 strain to overexpress the gene, which encodes a plant cell-wall-loosening protein known to facilitate fungal penetration and colonization.

Nanobody-based dual-mode sensing platform for highly sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1.

Lateral Flow Immunochromatography (LFIA) has been widely used to rapidly detect mycotoxins like aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, conventional LFIA methods rely heavily on antigens, leading to high production costs and health risks. To address these issues, we developed a nanobody-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein (AP2-5), which can be used as an alternative to antigens in AFB1 analysis.

Integrating genome assembly, structural variation map construction and GWAS reveal the impact of SVs on agronomic traits of Brassica napus.

An SV map of B. napus was constructed, SVs association with four agronomic traits were identified. This study provides a more systematic insight into the genetic variation of rapeseed.