Alleviating effects of polyphenol extract from rapeseed meal on type 2 diabetes in mice via modulation of gut microbiota and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a a complex metabolic disorder that poses a serious threat to human health. Although polyphenol extract from rapeseed meal (RMP) has demonstrated inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, the alleviating effects on T2DM and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored in T2DM. In this study, the antidiabetic effects of RMP were investigated using a T2DM mouse model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) administration.

Innovative Sulfur-Modified TiO-Loaded SiO Nanocomposite: Unveiling Superior Removal Performance of Contaminants in Waste Oil.

Corrosive sulfur compounds and trace moisture were key factors causing the rapid deterioration of finished mineral oils. In power systems, insulating oil contaminated by such substances not only threatens the stable operation of power equipment but also transforms into hazardous waste due to performance degradation. This study innovatively developed a sulfur-modified TiO-loaded SiO nanocomposite (S-nTDSGS) adsorbent, which was comprehensively characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and specific surface area analysis.

Transcriptomic analysis of immune and metabolic responses in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) challenged with Citrobacter freundii.

Citrobacter freundii, a common zoonotic pathogen affecting humans, livestock and fish, is recognized for its substantial impact on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) mortality. However, the mechanisms of C. freundii infection in largemouth bass remain poorly understood.

An IFE-based molecularly imprinted nanosensor for highly sensitive and rapid ratiometric fluorescence-visualization detection of ciprofloxacin.

A versatile fluorescent molecularly imprinted nanosensor (MIPs@O-CDs) for profiling ciprofloxacin (CIP) was innovatively developed using a controllable post-imprinting modification strategy. High-affinity molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as recognition elements granted nanosensor favorable anti-interference. Bright orange-emission carbon dots (O-CDs) as signal transducers demonstrated prominent reverse fluorescence response to CIP due to inner filter effect, ameliorating detection sensitivity and accuracy.

Carboxymethyl chitosan/oxidized carboxymethyl starch Schiff base hydrogels containing fasudil for islet encapsulation and transplantation.

Islet transplantation offers a promising therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes patients with inadequate glycemic control or severe complications. Islet encapsulation using biocompatible materials presents a potential solution to reduce immune rejection. This study fabricated and characterized Schiff base hydrogels (CMOCs) composed of varying ratios of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized carboxymethyl starch (OCMS).

Efficient peroxymonosulfate activation by magnesium-doped CoO for thiacloprid degradation: regulation of Co/Co ratios and degradation mechanism.

AS a low-cost and high-performance catalyst, spinel cobalt oxide (CoO) has two different catalytic active sites (tetrahedral Co and octahedral Co) to drive the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) through Co/Co redox cycle. Tuning Co/Co atomic ratio on the surface of CoO for the construction of a synergy in the Co/Co redox cycle might be an effective way to further boost PMS activation performance of CoO catalyst. Herein, we suggested a metal-doping strategy to regulate Co/Co atomic ratio of CoO by partially substituting Co with inert Mg and formed a series of Mg doped CoO (MCO) catalysts.

Comprehensive safety assessment of ribociclib: A real-world analysis using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Aims: Ribociclib is a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor that was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017 for the treatment of advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. The presented study aimed to evaluate the ribociclib-associated adverse events (AEs) through data mining of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: Data were collected from the FAERS database covering the period from the first quarter of 2017 to the first quarter of 2023.

Potential components and action mechanism of Tongzhi Surunjiang Pills against acute gouty arthritis: UPLC-MS/MS, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and transcriptomic analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gouty arthritis (GA) is a disease caused by the malfunction of purine and/or uric acid metabolism. Tongzhi Surunjing Pills (TZSRJP), a traditional Chinese medicine formula derived from the ancient Uyghur book "Karzhibadin Kadeer", is used clinically to treat GA, which still needs more research in its complex regulatory mechanisms.

Aim Of Study: The aim of the study was to elucidate the main potential active components of TZSRJP and the mechanism by which it treated GA.

Euphebranes A-G: higher diterpenoids from the radix of Euphorbia ebracteolata.

Phytochemical investigation of roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata led to ten higher diterpenoids including seven undescribed ones (1-7) and three analogues (8-10), accompanied by four derivatives (7a and 9a-9c) obtained via chemical correlation. Notably, compound 1 represents a rare dinor-ent-isopimarane diterpenoid. Their structures were fully characterized using a combination of spectroscopic, ECD, chemical, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction means.

Microwave-Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Benzene Oxidation on MOF-Derived Mn/Ce-Co Oxides.

Microwave-assisted processing has shown tremendous promise in accelerating chemical reactions and reducing energy consumption through targeted dielectric heating. This study develops MOF-derived Mn-Co and Ce-Co oxide catalysts for energy-efficient benzene oxidation via microwave catalysis. The MnCo spinel oxides (particularly MnCo11-400) exhibit superior microwave absorption and catalytic activity due to enhanced oxygen mobility and tailored dielectric properties.

Investigating the Alleviating Effects of Dihydromyricetin on Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Insights from Gut Microbiota and Metabolomic Analysis.

Mastitis is a common disease for dairy cows that exerts tremendously detrimental impacts on the productivity of cows and economic viability of pasture. Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is a flavonoid monomeric compound that possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. This study aimed at dissecting the effects of DMY on the lactation performance, blood parameters, gut microbiota, and metabolite profiles of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis (SM).

Pathogenicity of spp. Against : Effects on Immune Enzyme Activities and Gene Expression Profile.

(1) Background: spp. are fungi known for producing cyclosporin A and their ability to infect insects. However, their pathogenicity against the lepidopteran pest has not been previously reported.

SLC39A14 Is a Potential Therapy Target and Prognostic Biomarker for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

: Programmed cell death-related genes (PCDRGs) have been reported to play an important role in diagnosis, treatment and immunity regarding cancer, but their prognostic value and therapeutic potential in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients still need to be fully explored. : Cox regression analysis and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis were used to identify PCDRGs significantly associated with the prognosis of AML patients. Furthermore, a prognostic risk model for AML patients was constructed based on the selected PCDRGs, and their immune microenvironment and biological pathways were analyzed.

Protective Effects of Luteolin on -Induced Injury: An In Vitro Study with Porcine Vascular Endothelial Cells.

(GPS) is a conditional pathogen that colonizes the upper respiratory tract in pigs and causes Glässer's disease, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in piglets. GPS infection increases the vascular endothelial permeability, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Luteolin (Lut) is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in plants such as vegetables, herbs, and fruits, but its potential to treat the increased vascular endothelial permeability caused by GPS infection has not been evaluated.

Baicalin Alleviates ADAM17/EGFR Axis-Induced Peritonitis in Weaned Piglets Infected by .

() is a Gram-negative, pathogenic bacterium that colonizes the upper respiratory tract of piglets and causes Glässer's disease with peritonitis under stress conditions. The mechanism underlying GPS-induced peritonitis in piglets remains unclear. Baicalin is one of the main active ingredients of Huangqin (), which has a significant anti-inflammatory effect on inflammatory diseases.

Effects of Dietary Baicalin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Growth Performance and Liver Health in Ducklings.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic secondary metabolite produced by species. Its extensive contamination of animal feed and human food poses significant health hazards to livestock and humans, with hepatotoxicity being a primary concern. This study investigated the protective effect of baicalin on AFB1-induced liver injury in ducklings.

Impact of digital literacy on college students' English proficiency: The mediating role of learning motivation and the moderating effect of technological self-efficacy.

This quantitative study explores the impact of digital literacy on English proficiency among college students in China, focusing on the mediating role of learning motivation and the moderating effect of technological self-efficacy. A total of 250 undergraduate students participated in a structured questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 27, employing regression and correlation techniques. The findings demonstrate a significant relationship between elevated digital literacy levels and enhanced English proficiency (β = 0.

Preparation of Magnetic Biochar from Pomegranate Peel for Enhanced Norfloxacin Removal from Wastewater: Performance, Mechanism and Economic Analyses.

The persistent presence of refractory antibiotics in the environment poses significant systemic risks to both ecosystems and public health. This study developed magnetic pomegranate peel biochar (MPBC) via KOH/FeO coimpregnation and pyrolysis to address norfloxacin (NOR) pollution. Characterized by a heterogeneous structure, MPBC exhibited a high surface area (895.

Spatial Gradient Effects of Metal Pollution: Assessing Ecological Risks Through the Lens of Fish Gut Microbiota.

This comprehensive study investigates the spatial distribution of metals in surface water, their accumulation in fish tissues, and their impact on the gut microbiome dynamics of fish in the Qi River, Huanggang City, Hubei Province. Three distinct sampling regions were established: the mining area (A), the transition area (B), and the distant area (C). Our results revealed that metal concentrations were highest in the mining area and decreased with increasing distance from it.

Effects of pre-gelatinized whole Pueraria powder on the properties of duck meat sausages: Insights into gelatinization and molecular interactions.

Pueraria containing starch, dietary fiber, and polyphenols, has the potential to be a functional ingredient, but its starch requires modification to overcome limitations and enhance its quality. To address this, we applied pre-gelatinization treatment to whole Pueraria powder (WP) to enhance its functionality. The impact of WP and pre-gelatinized Pueraria powder (PWP) on the texture, rheology, and microstructure of duck sausage was investigated.

Current status of selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-COX-2 inhibitor use in outpatients with low back pain and cardiovascular comorbidities: An Analysis of the NAMCS Database.

Objectives: To analyse prescribing patterns of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor for low-back pain patients with cardiovascular comorbidities in American outpatient settings.

Methods: The data of this retrospective, cross-sectional study were from the 2007-2019 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey except 2017 for which data were not available. Data related to low-back pain patients of either gender aged ≥20 years.

In Situ Imaging of Extracellular Vesicles and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Viscosity Probe.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have significant value in disease diagnosis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global health issue, and real-time monitoring of NAFLD is crucial to prevent its further deterioration. However, due to the lack of effective probes, in situ detection of EVs in living systems is still challenging, which hinders the application of EVs in the diagnosis of NAFLD and other diseases.

Physiological responses and lipidomic analysis underlying lithium tolerance in Cardamine violifolia.

The rapid expansion of electronics and electric vehicle industries has substantially increased electronic waste generation, exacerbating soil and water lithium (Li) contamination. Despite growing environmental concerns, research on Li phytotoxicity mechanisms remains limited. This study investigated Li tolerance in Cardamine violifolia using controlled exposure to lithium chloride (LiCl) at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg L.

Role of flaxseed Lignan macromolecules on bioavailability of α-linolenic acid in emulsions: digestive enzymes inhibitory mechanism.

In this study, a plant polyphenol flaxseed lignan macromolecules (FLM) was used to solve the problem of oxidation and digestion of α-linolenic acid (ALA) enriched emulsions. Results revealed that the incorporation of FLMs into the emulsions effectively mitigated ALA oxidation during digestion, particularly after 150 °C heat treatment (FLM 150). Notably, FLM 150 delayed the release of free fatty acids (FFAs) from the emulsions, while it also led to a 10.

Hybridization of CP25k-FA toward Tumor-Targeted Clustered via Glutathione Responsiveness for DNA Delivery.

Gene therapy hinges on efficient and safe delivery vectors for successful implementation. In this work, we constructed the multifunctional vector CP25k-FA by cross-linking polyethylenimine (PEI) to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via disulfide bonds and grafting folic acid (FA), capitalizing on glutathione (GSH) concentration gradients in tumor cells. This vector enables GSH-responsive DNA release, exhibits favorable biocompatibility (with high viabilities of HEK-293T and HeLa cells even at the maximum tested concentration), and achieves high transfection efficiencies in HEK-293T, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells.