Photochemical H dissociation for nearly quantitative CO reduction to ethylene.

Producing olefins by carbon dioxide (CO) hydrogenation is a long-standing goal. The usual products are multicarbon mixtures because the critical step of heterolytic hydrogen (H) dissociation at high temperatures complicates selectivity control. In this study, we report that irradiating gold-titanium dioxide at 365 nanometers induces heterolytic H dissociation at ambient temperature.

Protective Effects of Luteolin on -Induced Injury: An In Vitro Study with Porcine Vascular Endothelial Cells.

(GPS) is a conditional pathogen that colonizes the upper respiratory tract in pigs and causes Glässer's disease, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in piglets. GPS infection increases the vascular endothelial permeability, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Luteolin (Lut) is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in plants such as vegetables, herbs, and fruits, but its potential to treat the increased vascular endothelial permeability caused by GPS infection has not been evaluated.

Baicalin Alleviates ADAM17/EGFR Axis-Induced Peritonitis in Weaned Piglets Infected by .

() is a Gram-negative, pathogenic bacterium that colonizes the upper respiratory tract of piglets and causes Glässer's disease with peritonitis under stress conditions. The mechanism underlying GPS-induced peritonitis in piglets remains unclear. Baicalin is one of the main active ingredients of Huangqin (), which has a significant anti-inflammatory effect on inflammatory diseases.

Effects of Dietary Baicalin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Growth Performance and Liver Health in Ducklings.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic secondary metabolite produced by species. Its extensive contamination of animal feed and human food poses significant health hazards to livestock and humans, with hepatotoxicity being a primary concern. This study investigated the protective effect of baicalin on AFB1-induced liver injury in ducklings.

Identification and visualization of fusion gene subtypes in APL using spatial attention mechanisms in vision models.

Introduction: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) features leukemic cell differentiation arrest at the promyelocytic stage, mainly due to the t (15;17), (q24; q21) translocation that forms the PML-RARA fusion protein. Variant RARα translocations, with distinct biological traits and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) responses, often cause misdiagnosis and lengthy genetic testing.

Methods: To solve these problems, we propose a spatial attention mechanism-enhanced convolutional neural network integrating ResNet Blocks and a spatial attention module (CNN with spatial attention), which can achieve high-precision identification of APL fusion gene subtypes and pixel-level visualization of key areas.

Exploring the correlation between Drp1 protein and the neurotoxicity of propofol.

Neurotoxicity is a common toxic reaction associated with the use of the anesthetic drug propofol. With the widespread use of propofol, the issue of neurotoxicity has garnered significant attention. Mitochondria are the energy metabolism centers of cells and play a crucial role in biological processes such as cell growth and development, invasion and metastasis, division and differentiation, and apoptosis.

Electrically programmable organic in-display neuromorphic computing.

The scale-up of AI models and data makes smart edge devices (e.g. smartphones and AR/VR glasses) face increasing challenges in energy consumption, latency and hardware costs.

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Efficacy of Blood Indicators in Neonatal Sepsis with Different Pathogenic Bacteria.

Background: To investigate the differences in clinical characteristics between Gram-positive and Gram-negative neonatal sepsis (NS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a total of 151 neonates admitted between March 2019 and March 2024. The 91 NS patients were divided into the Gram-negative bacteria group (n=31) and the Gram-positive bacteria group (n=60).

Bio-inspired mid-infrared neuromorphic transistors for dynamic trajectory perception using PdSe/pentacene heterostructure.

Mid-infrared (MIR) intelligent sensing technology is essential for precise identification and tracking for dynamic target detection in challenging and low-visibility environments. However, existing MIR vision systems based on traditional von Neumann architecture face significant delays and inefficiencies due to the separation of sensing, memory, and processing units. Neuromorphic motion devices offer better tracking capabilities, but most studies are limited to the near-infrared spectrum.

A cross-sectional analysis of the association between screen-based sedentary behavior and erectile dysfunction in US adult males.

Despite previous studies, the association between screen-based sedentary behavior (SB) and erectile dysfunction (ED) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between screen-based SB and ED using data from the 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 4,047 participants were included, of whom 1,192 (29.

Regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α): A potential role in neurological disorder and treatment.

Neurological disorders are catastrophic and challenging conditions that affect central nervous system. They constitute a major health problem worldwide and place a huge economic burden on society and individuals. Extensive evidence has shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α) is an essential macromolecule that could be targeted to ameliorate the pathology of neurological disorders.

High-Energy Electron Beam-Induced Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance and Irradiation Resistance of PEDOT: PSS.

Electron beam (EB) irradiation, a powerful method for electronic and molecular structure regulation of polymer materials, has been proven to be an effective strategy to boost the electrical conductivity (σ) of PEDOT: PSS. However, the irradiation damage from chain scission and cross-linking has an adverse effect on the mechanical and thermal performance. Herein, we propose a convenient approach to enhance irradiation resistance property by adding a chemical oxidant, ammonium persulfate (APS), into PEDOT: PSS, in which irradiation-induced fragmentations can be reaggregated via initiating free radical polymerization through APS.

Concurrent invasive disseminated Nocardia farcinica and Candida infections in a patient undergoing long-term glucocorticoid therapy for autoimmune thrombocytopenia: a case report.

Background: Nocardia farcinica is a virulent organism known for its high resistance to many antibiotics and its ability to cause disseminated life-threatening infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those undergoing organ transplantation. Candida albicans can cause disseminated candidiasis with a mortality rate ranging from 30% to 60%. Cases involving concurrent disseminated N.

Network Pharmacology to Unveil the Mechanism of Berberine in the Treatment of Meningitis in Humans and Pigs.

() is a major swine pathogen throughout the world as well as an emerging zoonotic agent. Among the symptoms caused by , including septicemia, pneumonia, endo-carditis, arthritis, and meningitis, the latter is the most overlooked. In the present study, we explored the mechanism of action of berberine against meningitis by obtaining berberine-related action targets, porcine meningitis targets, and human meningitis targets from open databases.

Tailoring Crystalline States of Alloy Coating for High Current Density and Large Areal Capacity of Zn.

Due to issues of hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and uncontrolled deposition behaviors at the Zn anode, the practical implementation of Zn-ion batteries has faced significant obstacles. Very limited attention is directed toward various alloy crystalline states for the Zn anode protection primarily due to the challenge of synthesizing high-quality alloy coatings with diverse crystalline states. In this study, the crystalline state of NiCr alloy coating is precisely manipulated using magnetron sputtering, revealing distinct thermodynamic and kinetic changes induced by variation in the crystalline state.

Organic Synaptic Transistors Based on a Semiconductor Heterojunction for Artificial Visual and Neuromorphic Functions.

Visual acuity is the ability of the biological retina to distinguish images. High-sensitivity image acquisition improves the quality of visual perception, making images more recognizable for the visual system. Therefore, developing synaptic phototransistors with enhanced photosensitivity is crucial for high-performance artificial vision.

Protective effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on -induced vascular inflammatory injury in mice.

(Pm) is a widespread zoonotic pathogen with the ability to infect wild animals, livestock, and humans. Pm infection can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia, indicating that the pathogenesis involves serious vascular injury and inflammation. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) has cardiovascular protective and anti-inflammatory effects, but its effect on vascular injury caused by Pm infection is not clear.

Optical and Electrical Dual-Mode Detection of a Carcinogenic Substance Based on Synergy of Liquid Crystals and Ionic Liquids.

Visual, sensitive, and selective detection of carcinogenic substances is highly desired in portable health protection and practical medicine production. However, achieving this goal presents significant challenges with the traditional single-mode sensors reported so far, as they have limited sensing mechanisms and provide only a single output signal. Here, we report an effective optical and electrical dual-mode sensor for the visual, sensitive, and selective detection of -nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), a typical volatile carcinogenic substance, leveraging the synergy of ionic liquid-doped liquid crystals (IL-LC).

Polar coordinate-based background removal algorithm for 2D x-ray scattering data.

During the data collection of x-ray diffraction experiments with various detectors, background signals are often unavoidable along with the sample signal. Addressing the background during post-data analysis is not a straightforward task. In this work, we introduced an algorithm specifically designed to handle centrally symmetric two-dimensional x-ray diffraction data and processed the data using the Python programming language.

Peroxiredoxin 4 Ameliorates T-2 Toxin-Induced Growth Retardation in GH3 Cells by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.

T-2 toxin, a highly toxic type A trichothecene, is a secondary fungal metabolite produced by various Fusarium species. The consumption of food and feed contaminated with T-2 toxin is a major factor contributing to growth retardation, posing significant risks to both human and animal health. However, the specific targets and mechanisms that mitigate T-2 toxin-induced growth retardation remain unclear.

Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity of Ecological Quality in a Typical Dryland of Northern China Driven by Climate Change and Human Activities.

With the intensification of climate change and anthropogenic impacts, the ecological environment in drylands faces serious challenges, underscoring the necessity for regionally adapted ecological quality evaluation. This study evaluates the suitability of the original Remote Sensing Ecological Index (oRSEI), modified RSEI (mRSEI), and adapted RSEI (aRSEI) in a typical dryland region of northern China. Spatio-temporal changes in ecological quality from 2000 to 2022 were analyzed using Theil-Sen median trend analysis, the Mann-Kendall test, and the Hurst exponent.

A Photoelectric Synergistic Flexible Solid Slippery Surface for All-Day Anti-Icing/Frosting.

The accumulation of ice on surface has caused great harm to lots of fields such as transportation or aerospace. Nowadays, various equipment or tools used in low-temperature environments, which face the risk of interface icing, usually have irregular shapes. Traditional rigid anti-icing materials are difficult to meet practical application requirements.

Management of blood lipids in post-kidney transplant patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: The primary objective of this systematic review was to provide an overview of the efficacy and safety of various lipid-lowering therapies in patients post-kidney transplant (PKT), given the limited existing literature. Considering the restricted number of available studies, this work aimed to summarize the existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of different lipid-lowering treatments in PKT patients. The effects of various lipid-lowering therapeutic regimens on lipid levels were compared, and their safety was assessed, with the heterogeneity of treatment protocols acknowledged.