Pathogenicity of spp. Against : Effects on Immune Enzyme Activities and Gene Expression Profile.

(1) Background: spp. are fungi known for producing cyclosporin A and their ability to infect insects. However, their pathogenicity against the lepidopteran pest has not been previously reported.

Peptidomimetics based on natural cinnamic acid scaffold: Synthesis, bio-evaluation and structure-activity relationships.

A total of twenty-one peptidomimetics based on cinnamic acid scaffold were synthesized through structure-activity relationship driven (SAR-driven) optimization of natural molecule (CSDK450160). Systematic bio-evaluation against twelve phytopathogenic fungi for these compounds revealed structure-dependent antifungal specificity, with cinnamic acid-peptide conjugates demonstrating pronounced inhibitory efficacy against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In planta antifungal assays showed that compound I-1 exhibited superior inhibitory potency against S.

Co-application of dazomet and azoxystrobin reconstructs soil microbial communities and suppresses the violet root rot of under a continuous cropping system.

Violet root rot (VRR) is a devastating soil-borne disease that severely affects () production, with limited effective control strategies available. This study aimed to develop an effective method for controlling VRR and explore its underlying mechanisms. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of dazomet fumigant alone (D) and in combination with azoxystrobin (DA) on the yield, VRR incidence, medicinal component level, soil biochemical properties, and rhizosphere microbial community structure of continuously cropped .

Synthesis and Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Novel Potent SDHI Fungicides Featuring a Conjugated Alkyne Structural Motif.

The productivity and quality of agricultural commodities are significantly affected by plant pathogenic fungi, thereby necessitating the urgent development of new fungicides with specific structures, high efficacy, and low toxicity. In this study, a series of novel conjugated alkynes as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors were synthesized, and their antifungal properties were evaluated. The bioassay results demonstrated that most synthesized compounds exhibited greater potency against than other fungal species.

Natural Furan-Carboxylic Acid (HHCA) and Its Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, Bioevaluation, and Structure-Activity Relationships as Potential Fungicidal Agents.

The exploration of natural products as lead scaffolds continues to serve as a valuable strategy for the development of novel antifungal agents. In this investigation, we focused on the natural furanoid compound 2-heptyl-5-hexylfuran-3-carboxylic acid (HHCA) and designed and synthesized four distinct series of multisubstituted furan carboxylic acid derivatives. Comprehensive structural characterization and biological evaluation were performed for all 48 compounds.

A Hypovirulence-Associated Partitivirus and Re-Examination of Horizontal Gene Transfer Between Partitiviruses and Cellular Organisms.

Previous research has unearthed the integration of the coat protein () gene from alphapartitivirus into plant genomes. Nevertheless, the prevalence of this horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between partitiviruses and cellular organisms remains an enigma. In our investigation, we discovered a novel partitivirus, designated Sclerotinia sclerotiorum alphapartitivirus 1 (SsAPV1), from a hypovirulent strain of .

[Effects of Gly mutations N-terminal to the integrin-binding sequence on the structure and function of recombinant collagen].

Collagen, a vital matrix protein for various tissue and functions in animals, is widely applied in biomaterials. In type Ⅰ collagen, missense mutations of glycine (Gly) in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa triplet of the triple helix are a major cause of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Clinical manifestations exhibit marked heterogeneity, spanning a broad disease spectrum from mild skeletal fragility (Type Ⅰ) to severe limb deformities (Type Ⅲ) and perinatal lethal forms (Type Ⅱ).

Advances in silica nanoparticles for agricultural applications and biosynthesis.

Nanotechnology has emerged as a revolutionary force in modern agriculture, opening new avenues for crop enhancement and sustainable farming practices. This review systematically evaluates the roles of silica nanoparticles (SiO NPs) in agricultural applications, with particular emphasis on their biosynthesis pathways and functional mechanisms. SiO NPs have demonstrated considerable potential to enhance crop resilience against both biotic (pathogens, pests) and abiotic (heavy metals, salinity, drought) stresses through phytohormonal regulation, defense gene activation, and metabolic modulation.

Three new naphthoquinone-based meroterpenoids from sp. HBERC-16614 with antibacterial activities.

Three new naphthoquinone-based meroterpenoids (-), including spironaphthomeroterpenoid (), a novel naphthoquinone-based meroterpenoid with a rare [5, 6] spiro-ring skeleton, and naphthablins D and E (-), along with three known analogues (-) were isolated from sp. HBERC-16614. The structures of these compounds, including their absolute configurations, were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum.

In vitro inhibitory activity of indole alkaloid derivatives against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus that can cause acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and high mortality of newborn piglets, leading to huge economic losses to the world pig industry. Given the limited efficacy of current PEDV vaccines, there is an urgent need for the development of antiviral drugs. In this study, the antiviral effects of 17 synthesized indole alkaloid derivatives against PEDV were investigated.

Natural pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazolinone derivatives: Design, synthesis, characterization, and bio-evaluation as novel antiviral agents.

As viral infectious diseases increasingly threaten global health, antiviral drug research has become a focus in the medicinal chemistry. Enterovirus has always been an important virus causing infections disease with a high incidence in summer and autumn, such as Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB). Currently, no specific antiviral drugs are available for EV71 and CVB.

Effects of microbial biocontrol agents on tea plantation microecology and tea plant metabolism: a review.

The quality of fresh tea leaves is crucial to the final product, and maintaining microbial stability in tea plantations is essential for optimal plant growth. Unique microbial communities play a critical role in shaping tea flavor and enhancing plant resilience against biotic stressors. Tea production is frequently challenged by pests and diseases, which can compromise both yield and quality.

Discovery, Characterization, and Application of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Peptide AtR905 from as a Biocontrol Agent.

This study investigates a novel antimicrobial peptide AtR905 derived from the endophytic fungus , which was successfully expressed in , purified, and characterized, and highlighted as a promising potential biocontrol agent against various plant pathogens. The results indicated AtR905 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against key pathogens such as and with very low minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Stability tests confirmed that AtR905 retains its antimicrobial properties under varying thermal, pH, and UV conditions.

AKH/AKHR signalling system induced antioxidant response mediated by entomopathogenic fungi in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål).

The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens is one of the most economically important rice crop pests in Asia. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have been developed as a biological control of N. lugens.

A small antimicrobial peptide derived from a Burkholderia bacterium exhibits a broad-spectrum and high inhibiting activities against crop diseases.

Crop diseases cause significant quality and yield losses to global crop products each year and are heavily controlled by chemicals along with very limited antibiotics composed of small molecules. However, these methods often result in environmental pollution and pest resistance, necessitating the development of new bio-controlling products to mitigate these hazards. To identify effective antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) considered as potential sources of future antibiotics, AMPs were screened from five bacterial strains showing antagonism against a representative phytopathogenic fungus (Rhizoctonia Solani) through the Bacillus subtilis expression system, which has been developed for identifying bacterial AMPs by displaying autolysis morphologies.

Restoring Colistin Sensitivity in Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Using Cinacalcet Hydrochloride.

Restoring colistin's efficacy is crucial in addressing the resistance crisis of colistin. This study utilized a high-throughput screening method to identify 43 compounds from 800 FDA-approved drugs that exhibited significant antibacterial effects when combined with colistin. Among these, cinacalcet hydrochloride (CH) was selected for its potential synergistic effect with colistin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, including -positive strains.

Complete genome sequence of NBNZ-2162, isolated from citrus rhizosphere soil.

Plant rhizosphere microorganisms are an important source for discovering beneficial microorganisms in crops. Here we presented the complete genome of NBNZ-2162 isolated from citrus rhizosphere soil, of which the total length is 5,395,922 bp and possesses 5,368 CDS.

Heterocycle-functional steroidal derivatives: Design, synthesis, bioevaluation and SARs of steroidal pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines as potential ALK inhibitors.

Two series of heterocyclic steroidal pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines derived from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and epiandrosterone (EPIA) were designed and synthesized, and these compounds were screened for their potential antiproliferation activities. The preliminary bioassay indicated that some of target compounds exhibited significantly good antiproliferation activities against human melanoma cell line (A875) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cell lines compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and some of which present good antiproliferative activities as potential ALK inhibitors. The detailed analysis of structure-activity relationships (SARs) based on the inhibition activities, kinase assay, and molecular docking demonstrated that the antiproliferation activities of these steroidal pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine might be affected by the β-hydroxyl group of steroidal scaffold and the N atom of pyridine heterocycle.

A soybean cyst nematode suppresses microbial plant symbionts using a lipochitooligosaccharide-hydrolysing enzyme.

Cyst nematodes are the most damaging species of plant-parasitic nematodes. They antagonize the colonization of beneficial microbial symbionts that are important for nutrient acquisition of plants. The molecular mechanism of the antagonism, however, remains elusive.

Genomic and Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Key Genes Associated with the Biosynthesis Regulation of Okaramine B in NBP-49626.

Restricted production of fungal secondary metabolites hinders the ability to conduct comprehensive research and development of novel biopesticides. Okaramine B from demonstrates remarkable insecticidal efficacy; however, its biosynthetic yield is low, and its regulatory mechanism remains unknown. The present study found that the yield difference was influenced by fermentation modes in okaramine-producing strains and performed genomic and comparative transcriptome analysis of strain NBP-49626, which exhibits significant features.

3-(Methylthio)Propionic Acid from Berliner Exhibits High Nematicidal Activity against the Root Knot Nematode (Kofoid and White) Chitwood.

Root knot nematodes cause serious damage to global agricultural production annually. Given that traditional chemical fumigant nematicides are harmful to non-target organisms and the environment, the development of biocontrol strategies has attracted significant attention in recent years. In this study, it was found that the Berliner strain NBIN-863 exhibits strong fumigant nematicidal activity and has a high attraction effect on (Kofoid and White) Chitwood.

Biocontrol Potential of SZF-179 toward to Control Pear Black Spot Disease.

Pear black spot disease, caused by is a devastating disease in pears and leads to enormous economic losses worldwide. In this investigation, we isolated a from the rhizosphere soil of pear plants in China. Indoor confrontation experiments results showed that both SZF-179 and its aseptic filtrate had excellent inhibitory effects against .

Whole genome sequencing data of the submerged macrophytes growth promoting and aerobic denitrifying bacterium Bacillus velezensis NBNZ-0060.

The strain NBNZ-0060 was isolated from the bottom sediment samples of the lake Jin in Wuhan, China. This strain is an aerobic denitrifying bacterium and able to promote growth of submerged macrophytes. The 3,929,784 bp entire genome contains 3,781 coding sequences (CDS), 27 rRNAs, 85 tRNAs, 5 ncRNAs, with an average G + C content of 46.