Ball-milled biochar-vermiculite/zeolite magnetic composites for adsorption of lead and p-nitrophenol from wastewater: Synthesis, performance, and mechanisms.

Herein, ball-milled magnetic biochar-vermiculite composite (MBC@VT) and ball-milled magnetic biochar-zeolite composite (MBC@ZT) were synthesized via one-step ball-milling, and their adsorption capacities for Pb(II)/P-nitrophenol (PNP) in water were compared. The results demonstrated that the removal of Pb(II) and PNP through both materials was a complex, endothermic reaction mainly driven by chemisorption, with strong tolerance to pH changes and co-existing ions. MBC@VT showed superior adsorption for Pb(II) (reaching 367.

A Ubiquitous Volatile in Noctuid Larval Frass Attracts a Parasitoid Species.

Natural enemies commonly probe larval bodies and frass with their antennae for prey hunting. However, the attractants to natural enemies emitted directly from hosts and host-associated tissues remained largely unknown. Here, we used two generalist noctuid species, (Hübner) and (JE Smith), along with the larval endoparasitoid (Haliday) to address the question.

Characterization of vB_SaRS_FS19-1, a newly isolated broad-host-range and virulent bacteriophage infecting Staphylococcus aureus and its application in foods.

The bacteriophage vB_SaRS_FS19-1, isolated from urban sewage, produced numerous clear plaques, about 1 to 2 mm in diameter, on the S. aureus JP19 bacterial lawn. A broad host range of the bacteriophage vB_SaRS_FS19-1 was found, and the lysis rate of S.

Stable and highly sensitive self-powered X-ray detection high-density CsPbBr-type Dion-Jacobson trilayer hybrid perovskites.

Dion-Jacobson (DJ)-type organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have emerged as promising candidates for X-ray detection owing to their exceptional stability and remarkable X-ray absorption ability. Nevertheless, achieving enhanced detection sensitivity continues to pose a significant challenge in this research domain. Herein, we have successfully synthesized and grown a DJ-type (4-AMP)CsPbBr (1, 4-AMP = 4-ammoniomethylpiperidinium) hybrid perovskite single crystal with a high density of 3.

Effect of propofol sedation via a narrow-bore tube on hypoxemia risk during gastroscopy: a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Hypoxemia is a common adverse event during propofol sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Maintaining a sufficiently slow infusion rate is known to reduce respiratory depression caused by propofol, but achieving this consistently is challenging due to variations in manual techniques. This study evaluated the use of a narrow-bore extension tube to administer propofol, which passively slows infusion, to reduce hypoxemia during gastroscopy sedation.

Prevalence and Prognostic Differences Between Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Heart Failure.

Evidence directly comparing sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients, especially in young and middle-aged individuals, remains limited. This study aimed to (1) investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, and (2) compare their prognostic impacts on adverse outcomes to identify protective body composition phenotypes. The findings are hypothesized to provide new perspectives on the HF obesity paradox.

Association between sleep health and glycemic variability in people with type 2 diabetes: An ecological momentary assessment study.

Background: Glycemic variability (GV) is an important indicator for glycemic control. Identifying factors contributing to GV may support development of targeted interventions. Besides non-modifiable factors, sleep plays a role in glucose regulation.

Conjugated linoleic acid decreases milk fat globule size by regulating lipid droplet proteins and diameter in dairy goat mammary glands.

The size of fat globules in ruminant milk to some extent affects the nutritional quality of dairy products and plays potential roles in infant and adult health. Lipid droplets (LD) in mammary epithelial cells are the precursors of milk fat globules (MFG). However, it is unclear what happens to proteins during the transformation process from LD to MFG, and little is known about the regulation of LD diameter in vivo.

Near-field observation of enhanced resonance in metasurface by cavity mode coupling.

Metasurfaces have demonstrated significant potential for applications in electromagnetic emission, regulation, imaging, and wireless communication, particularly in the rapidly expanding terahertz frequency range, due to their highly flexible and tunable functionalities. However, to better understand their underlying mechanisms, detection methods capable of surpassing the diffraction limit are required. As near-field detection technologies are still developing, direct observation of surface resonance modes remains limited, with most research focusing on the detection of intrinsic modes.

The Effectiveness of Virtual Walking Intervention in Enhancing Wellness: A Scoping Review.

Background: Virtual walking may complement traditional physical therapy for people with mobility impairments. This scoping review examines the characteristics, effectiveness, feasibility, and neurological mechanisms of virtual walking interventions for health-related outcomes.

Methods: English-language studies from twelve databases (2014-2024) were reviewed.

Peptidomimetics based on natural cinnamic acid scaffold: Synthesis, bio-evaluation and structure-activity relationships.

A total of twenty-one peptidomimetics based on cinnamic acid scaffold were synthesized through structure-activity relationship driven (SAR-driven) optimization of natural molecule (CSDK450160). Systematic bio-evaluation against twelve phytopathogenic fungi for these compounds revealed structure-dependent antifungal specificity, with cinnamic acid-peptide conjugates demonstrating pronounced inhibitory efficacy against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In planta antifungal assays showed that compound I-1 exhibited superior inhibitory potency against S.

Poor sleep quality among patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Objective: Poor sleep quality is common among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), although the reported prevalence rates vary between studies. This meta-analysis examined the overall prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with PD and identified potential factors contributing to the differences in prevalence across studies.

Methods: Both PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were applied in this meta-analysis.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating post-stroke depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of different modes of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on depression in post-stroke depression (PSD) patients using the network meta-analysis method.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang Data, CNKI, VIP, and CBM were searched for randomized controlled trials on rTMS for PSD from the time the database was constructed until April 20th, 2024. Two researchers independently conducted screenings to extract the relevant literature.

Clusters of Sleep Disturbance and Associated Factors in People With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Latent Profile Analysis.

Background: Individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often suffer from sleep disturbance, which exhibits heterogeneity. Whether it could be grouped into different clusters remains unknown, posing challenges to the development of personalised interventions to address sleep disturbance.

Aim: To examine clusters of sleep disturbance and associated factors in people with SLE.

Harnessing Leguminosae Typical Scents for a More Effective and Eco-Friendly Pheromone Trapping of Pest.

The utilization of pheromone-based products for insect pest management has been a longstanding practice. However, mounting evidence suggests that pheromones of insect pests could also inadvertently attract natural enemies, leading to their unintentional entrapment by pheromone baits. In East Asia, pheromone traps of the bean bug capture several species of natural enemies, which reduces top-down control of the pest and could lead to failures of pest management programs.

Akkermansia muciniphila-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Mastitis: Insights From In Vitro and Vivo Studies.

Mastitis is a major disease affecting the dairy industry. Although antibiotics are the most prevalent treatment for mastitis, their overuse presents significant risks to public health. Probiotic therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for controlling mastitis, but there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the efficacy and mechanisms of specific probiotics in treating this condition.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) alleviates the LPS-induced inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 cells by activating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

Objective: This study investigates the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 cells.

Methods: Inflammatory responses were triggered in IPEC-J2 cells using 5 μg/ml LPS. AhR was activated with tryptophan or FICZ and knocked down via RNA interference.

DIBLF-Based Adaptive Optimal Constrained Control for Collaborative Robots Under Different Human-Robot Interactive Tasks.

The flexibility and safety of physical human-robot interaction are essential for real-world applications. Therefore, this study investigates adaptive optimal control for physical human-robot interaction under dynamic output constraints. We develop an admittance-based approach to reconstruct reference trajectories, facilitating smooth online transitions between different interactive tasks.

Alteration in gut microbiota accompanied by increased intestinal permeability and Tfh/Tfr imbalance in patients with active SLE.

Background: Increased intestinal permeability and altered intestinal microbiota may influence cytokine regulatory immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between intestinal flora alters and follicular helper T cells (Tfh), regulatory T cells (Treg) cells, and cytokines in SLE.

Methods: In total, 23 patients with active SLE (SLE-A group), 18 patients with stable SLE (SLE-nA group), and 24 healthy controls (HC group) were enrolled.

Efficient security analysis for quantum key distribution against side-channel leakage.

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows the transmission of keys with unconditional security. Nevertheless, a discrepancy remains between the theoretical framework and the practical implementation, as device imperfections are frequently neglected in most QKD protocols. Some previous works proposed to use Hong-Ou-Mandel interference to quantify information leakage from side-channels.

Identification of amh and its potential signaling pathway involved in the ovary development in the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), a member of the TGF-β family, plays a pivotal role in ovarian development by binding to its specific receptor, AMHR2. However, the function of amh/amhr2 pathway in fish ovarian development remains poorly understood. To elucidate its regulatory mechanism in largemouth bass, we identified amh and amhr2 genes from the largemouth bass genome and analyzed their expression patterns across different tissues and ovarian developmental stages.

Relationship between multidimensional sleep health and depression during late pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is common among pregnant women and identifying modifiable risk factors is critical (e.g., sleep).

Ergothioneine regulates the paracrine of dermal papilla cells through SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway to antagonize oxidative stress and natural hair follicle aging.

Hair graying and loss are significant indicators of aging, and oxidative stress plays an essential role in this progression. Ergothioneine (EGT), potent antioxidant from edible fungi and certain prokaryotes, regulates the antioxidant defense system. However, its anti-aging effects on hair follicles (HFs) remain obscure.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Mitochondrial Transfer Promotes Tip Cell Phenotype via Glutathione Metabolic Reprogramming in Stroke Mice.

Angiogenesis is crucial to improving neurovascular remodeling poststroke. Therein, the transformation of endothelial cells (ECs) to tip cells is essential in initiating angiogenesis. Mitochondrial damage in ECs poststroke and associated metabolic disorder are key factors repressing angiogenesis, but the mechanisms are unknown.

Quantifying microbial necromass contributions to soil carbon sequestration under diverse cropland management practices: A meta-analysis.

Under the dual challenges of global climate change and agricultural sustainability, cropland soils, as critical carbon (C) sinks, have garnered significant attention regarding the stabilization mechanisms of their organic C pools. Existing studies indicate that the stable organic C pool in cropland soils primarily originates from the accumulation of microbial necromass, a process strongly influence by agricultural management practices. However, there remains a notable knowledge gap regarding how various management strategies influence microbially turnover and necromass formation mechanisms.